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定语从句什么时候用that,什么时候用which,什么时候用who 有什么区别
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that既可指人也可指物,which只能指物,who只能指人,一般情况下多可以用that,但在指物的介词后只能用which.
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在楼上的基础上补充一点，记住只有两种情况下用which，其他都用that，非限制性定语从句和介词后面加which（等于where），重点还是要先分清是否是定语从句
何谓定语从句？顾名思义，作定语的句子就叫作定语从句。定语从句所修饰、限定的词叫先行词。定语从句通常跟在和它发生关系的先行词之后，它与先行词有着不可分割的联系。它通常是由关系代词(who，whom， whose，that，which，as)和关系副词(where，when，why， how)来引导。关系代词、关系副词在从句中需担当成分，但无实际意义。初中阶段我们只要理解who，that，which这...
扫描下载二维码关系代词指代某物事时，只用that不用which；1.当先行词是everything,anythi；2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时；3.先行词被thevery，theonly，he；如果表示和先行词是同一物时用thesame…th；ThisisthesamepursethatIl；这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹；如果表示与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用th
关系代词指代某物事时，只用that不用which的情况
1. 当先行词是everything, anything, nothing （something 除外,用which或者that均可）, all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时，或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如：
2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。
3.先行词被the very，the only，he right，the first，the last等修饰时 4. 先行词前有the same 修饰时
如果表示和先行词是同一物时用the same…that…
This is the same purse that I lost yesterday.
这就是我昨天丢的那个钱夹。
如果表示与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用the same…as… This is the same purse as I lost yesterday.
这个钱夹和我昨天丢的那个一样。
5. 先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时
6. 先行词为数词时
Look at the books on the bookshelf. You can see the two that you bought me for my birthday.
7.避免重复原则，当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时
8. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，而且通常省略
My hometown is no longer the place that it used to be.
9.关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如： This is the fastest train (that) there has ever been.
10. ……the way that……
(…the reason that… / …the cause that…)
英语语法顺口溜：定语从句只用that情况
口诀： 先行不定代，the very/only/first
some, all, much,
有了which/who 英语语法顺口溜：定语从句不用that的情况
that用法真有趣， 两个地方它不去;
逗号后边它不去， 介词之后不考虑;
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　在定语从句中什么时候只能用 that 引导,而不能用 which 引导 在定语从句中什么...以下情况多用 that. (1) 如果先行词是 all, much, anything, something, ... 　定语从句用that不用which的情况_英语考试_外语学习_教育专区。定语从句中什么时候用关系代词 that 而不用 which A. 以下情况多用 that. (1) 如果先行词是 all... 　巧记定语从句中只用that的情况_英语_初中教育_教育...关系代词常用 that 代替 in which, for which, ...定语从句中只用that不用... 2页 免费 ©... 　定语从句中只用WHO或that或which_英语_初中教育_教育专区。定语从句中只用 WHO,不用 that 的情况一卡通定语从句中只用 WHO,不用 that 的情况 1. 先行词是 one,... 　7.当主句是以 who, which 开头的特殊疑问句或先行词是 who 时, 只能使用“...定语从句中that的六用三 8页 免费 定语从句只用that的情况 4页 3下载券 巧记... 　定语从句中:只用 that 而不用 which 的五种情况引导定语从句的关系代词有: (指人或物) which that , (指物) who (指人) 指人时可用 that ,。或... 　6. 定语从句中只用 THAT,不用 which 的情况 1. 当先行词是不定代词,如 all, All THAT can be done has been done. everything, anything, nothing, I ... 　巧记定语从句中只用that 的情况_英语_初中教育_教育...关系代词常用 that 代替 in which, for which, ...定语从句 只用that不用w... 暂无评价 1页 免费喜欢... 　定语从句中:只用 that 而不用 which 的五种情况引导定语从句的关系代词有: that (指人或物) which , (指物) , who (指人) 指人时可用 that 或...什么时候用THAT而不用WHICH,什么时候用WHICH而不用THAT?（北京四中网校－〉名师答疑－〉高二－〉英语）　
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　　 定语从句
什么时候用THAT而不用WHICH,什么时候用WHICH而不用THAT?
　　什么时候用THAT而不用WHICH,什么时候用WHICH而不用THAT?
　　什么时候用THAT而不用WHICH,什么时候用WHICH而不用THAT?
只用that不用which的情况 1、当先行词是all, little, few, much, something, everything, anything, nothing, none等不定代词时。如： Everything that happened then was like a nightmare.当时发生的一切就像是一场噩梦。 I will tell him all that you told me at the ball.我要把你在舞会上跟我说的话全都告诉他。 2、当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, just, very（恰好的，表示强调）等词修饰时。例如： The only thing that we could do was to wait.我们能做的只是等待。 That's the very thing that we can do.那正是我们能做的事。 3、当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。例如： The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.我们参观的第一个地方是长城。 This is the best novel that I have ever read.这是我看过的最好的小说。 4、被修饰词为数词时。例如： Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two that are still alive. 昨天我捉到了两条鱼，把它们放在一盆水里。 你可以看到那两条鱼还活着呢。&&5、主句是There be结构，修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that作关系代词修饰物。例句： There's still a room that is free.还有一个空房间。 6、先行词中同时包括人和物时。例如： We talked about the people and the villages that we remembered.我们谈论了我们记得的人和村子。 He asked about the factories and workers that he had visited.他问起他去过的这几家工厂和工人的情况。 7、当主句中有who, which时，而定语从句中也要用到who或which时，为了避免whowho, whichwhich等重叠，定语从句要用that引导。例如： Who is the man that is standing by the door? 站在门边的那个男人是谁？ Which of the two cows that you keep produces more milk? 你养的那两头奶牛中哪一个产奶多？ 8、人或物在定语从句中表语时，用that引导定语从句，而that通常也可以省略。例如： He is no longer the man that he was.他不再是过去的他。 二、修饰物时只用which不用that的情况 1、引导非限制性定语从句时。例如： Bamboo is hollow, which makes it light.竹子是空心的，这使得他很轻。 2、当关系词前有介词时。例如： This is the room in which Chairman Mao once lived.这就是毛主席曾经住过的地方。 3、在一个句子中有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which.例如： Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.我来给你看我从新开的图书馆里借来的那本小说。 4、当关系代词后面有插入语时。例如： Here is the English grammar which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.这就是我跟你说过的会有助于你学好英语的那本英语语法书。 5、先行词为that时。例如： The clock is that which can tell us the time.钟是报时的装置。您所在位置： &
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定语从句只用that而不用which的五种情况.ppt 16页
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定语从句只用that而不用which的五种情况概要1
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定语从句中：只用that而不用which的五种情况 1） 当先行词是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing, the one, much, few, little或被它们修饰时。例如：
Is there anything that I can do for you ?
　　　有什么可以为你做的吗？ All that can be done must be done . 　　　凡是能做的都必须做。 2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。 That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop .
那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。 The first thing that we should do is to get some food .
我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 3）当先行词有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。 My necklace is not the only thing that's missing . 　我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 4）当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或 who 。以避免重复。 　Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ? 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？ 5）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that 。 　The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known . 你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。 　　　 I’m a football fan. I’m interested in everything ______ is about the World Cup.
who that where which 先行词为不定代词时不用which作引导词。 I’ve read all the magazines ______ you gave to me.
which that of that where 先行词有all修饰时不用which作引导词。 The book ______ he bought yesterday is very interesting.
/ why when what 引导词在从句中作宾语时可省略。 I’ve found some pictures of the most interesting places ______ you can visit during the winter holidays.
which where that what 先行词有最高级修饰时不用which作引导词。 The girl ______ mother is a doctor is waiting for you outside.
whom who that whose 先行词为______, 在从句中作______。 人 定语 It is the only book ______ he is looking for.
which that who whom 先行词有the only修饰物时，不用which作引导词。 They talked about things and persons ______ they remembered in the school.
which that who whom 先行词既有人又有物时，不用which作引导词。 I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school ______ I met in the English speech contest last year.
who where when which 研读句意，找准先行词。
正在加载中，请稍后...定语从句中什么时候用WHICH？什么时候用THAT引导？
我的图书馆
定语从句中什么时候用WHICH？什么时候用THAT引导？
定语从句中什么时候用WHICH？什么时候用THAT引导？
定语从句中什么时候用WHICH？什么时候用THAT引导？
that \which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用which ,不用that (1) 关系代词前有介词时. This is the hotel in which you will stay. (2) 如有两个定语从句,其中一句的关系代词是that,另一句宜于用which. Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the liberary which was newly open (新开放) to us. 注意2that \which在代物时常常可以通用,但有时只宜于用that ,不用which. (1) 先行词是形容词最高级或者它的前面有形容词最高级时 This is the best that has been used against air pollution(反对空气污染) in cities. English is the most difficult subject that you will learn during these years. (2) 先行词是序数词,或它的前面有一个序数词时 He is the last person that I want to see. (3) 主句中已有疑问词时 Which is the bike that you lost? (4) 先行词既有人又有物时 The bike and its rider that had run over (撞倒了)an old man were taken to the police station. (5) 先行词是all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one等代词时 You should hand in all that you have. We haven’t got much that we can offer you. I mean the one that you talked about just now. (6) 先行词前面有only,any,few,little,no,all,one of,the same,the very等词修饰时 The only thing that we can do is to give you some money. Li Ming is the only one that got full marks (满分)in our class. Li Ming is one of the students that want to be teachers in our class. (7) 有两个定语从句,其中一个关系代词已用which,另外一个宜用that Edison built up a factory(办了一个工厂) which produced things that had never been seen before. 定语从句的关系副词 Where的用法:若先行词指地点且其在定语从句中充当地点状语. This is the house+I was born in the house. (=I was born there) 介词短语 副词 =This is the house where I was born.这就是我在那儿出生的房子. 先行词 关系副词 in which I was born. 介词+关系代词 which I was born in. 关系代词 这里作介宾的which和that可以省略 that I was born in 关系代词
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定语从句 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which，as 。 关系副词有：when, where, why ,how 。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 、关系代词引导的定语从句 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换), 例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3)which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.（which / that在句中作宾语） The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别： 1）不用that的情况 a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时 (错) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. b) 介词后不能用 We depend on the land from which we get our food. c)多用who 的情况 ①关系代词在从句中做主语 A friend who helps you in time of need is a real friend . ②先行词为those , people 时 Those who were either fools or unfit for their offices could not see the cloth . ③先行词为all, anyone , ones , one 指人时 One who doesn’t work hard will never succeed in his work . ④在There be句型中 There is a stranger who wants to see you . ⑤在被分隔的定语从句中 A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German . ⑥在有两个定语从句的句子中，其一用who,其二用that,但若先行词后接两个以上的并列定语从句时，后一个必须重复前一个关系代词。 The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that is very modest and studies very hard . There is a teacher who is always ready to help others and who enjoys what he does . 2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况 a) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。 All that is needed is a supply of oil. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. b) 先行词有the only, the very, the just修饰时，只用that。 He is the very man that helped the girl out of the water . c) 先行词为序数词(the last)、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。. The first English book that I read was “The Prince and the Pauper” by Mark Twin . d) 先行词既有人，又有物时。 He talked about the teachers and schools that he visited . e)当主句是以who 或which 开始的特殊疑问句时，用that 以避免重复。 Who is the person that is standing at the gate . f)关系代词在从句中做表语 He is not the man that he used to be . 2 、关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点、方式或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1)when, where, why，how 关系副词when, where, why,how的含义相当于'介词+ which'结构，因此常常和'介词+ which'结构交替使用，例如： There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? I’m surprised the way how (by which) he works out the problem . 注意： ①在非限制性定语从句中，'介词+ which'结构不能代替关系副词。 如：They set up a state for their own , where they would be free to keep Negroes as slaves . ②含有介词短语的动词一般不能拆开，介词仍放在动词后面。 Is this the book which (that) she was looking for ? 3、名词/数词/代词 /形容词最高级 + 介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句 She has written a book , the name of which I have forgotten . There are fifty-five students in our class , all of whom are working hard . There are five continents in the world , the largest of which is Asia . 4、 as, which 引导非限定性定语从句的差别： 由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。 As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. as可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'的意思。 As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health. 用法区别： (1) as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。 As we all know , he never smokes . (2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。 (3)非限定性定语从句中出现expect , think , suppose 等表示猜测、想象、预料等时。 She succeeded in her doing the research work , as we expected . (4)As 的用法 the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。 I should like to use the same tool as is used here . We should have such a dictionary as he is using .
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习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词 where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二： 准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分(主、谓、宾、定、状)，也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。 例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age? A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. on which D. the one 答案：例1 D，例2 A 例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago. 例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held. 在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where, that, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。 而句2中, 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。 关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词 (who, whom, that, which, whose)； 先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词 ( where 地点状语，when 时间状语，why 原因状语) 。 1) 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如： This is the house which we bought last month. 这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性） The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性） 2) 当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如： Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。 My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。 This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。 3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如： He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。 Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。 说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句。 1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。 2）that前不能有介词。 3） 某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的'介词+关系词'结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. This is the house where I lived two years ago. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? Do you remember the day when you joined our club? 由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首，which在句中。 As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 典型例题 1）Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise. A. it B. that C. which D. he 答案C. 此为非限定性从句，不能用 that修饰，而用which.，it 和he 都使后句成为句子，两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。 2）The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it 答案B。which可代替句子，用于非限定性定语从句，而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句，it不为连词，使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。 3）It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.. A. that B. which C. as D. it 答案B. as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时，这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思，且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点： (1） as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可。 (2） as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时，从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。 在本题中，prevent由于是行为动词，所以正确选项应为B。 As 的用法 例1. the same… as；such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。 I have got into the same trouble as he (has). 例2. as可引导非限制性从句，常带有'正如'。 As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health. As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语；例2中，它充当从句的主语，谓语动词know要用被动式。 1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here. (Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替) 2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school. (what 可以用all that代替) 1）what = the thing which；whatever = anything What you want has been sent here. Whatever you want makes no difference to me. 2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who （错）Who breaks the law will be punished. （错）Whoever robbed the bank is not clear. （对）Whoever breaks the law will be punished. （对）Who robbed the bank is not clear. 3) that 和 what 当that引导定语从句时 ，通常用作关系代词，而引导名词性从句时，是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从 句， 用作连接代词，作从句的具体成分，且不能省略。 I think (that) you will like the stamps. What we need is more practice. 1）不用that的情况 a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。 (错) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. b) 介词后不能用。 We depend on the land from which we get our food. We depend on the land that/which we get our food from. 2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况 a) 在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。 b) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。 c) 先行词有the only, the very修饰时，只用that。 d) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that。. e) 先行词既有人，又有物时。 举例： All that is needed is a supply of oil. 所需的只是供油问题。 Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen to the police. 那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。 回答者： - 见习魔法师 二级 1-11 20:47 提问者对于答案的评价： 虽然答的都很全，但你解决了我的一些疑问，所以就选你了，，，，哈哈 评价已经被关闭 目前有 4 个人评价 好 50% （2） 不好 50% （2） 对最佳答案的评论 在网上找的很不错哦！抄袭！ 评论者： chelu0427 - 秀才 二级 其他回答共 3 条 一.定语从句及相关术语 1.定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2.关系词：引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二.关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 (1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 (1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. (2) Mr. Ling is just the boy whom I want to see. 注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。 (3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 (1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. (2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 (5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. (6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 (1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor. (2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替 (3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. (4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. (5) Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? (6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow? 三.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 (1) The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. (2) The school in which he once studied is very famous. (3) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine (that/which) you asked for. (4) Tomorrow I will bring here a magazine for which you asked. (5) We’ll go to hear the famous singer (whom/that/who) we have often talked about. (6) We’ll go to hear the famous singer about whom we have often talked. 注意：1. 含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等 (1) This is the watch which/that I am looking for. (T) (2) This is the watch for which I am looking. (F) 2. 若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不可用who或者that；指物时用which，不能用that；关系代词是所有格时用whose (1) The man with whom you talked is my friend. (T) (2) The man who/that you talked with is my friend. (F) (3) The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (T) (4) The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable. (F) 3. “介词+关系代词”前可有some, any, none, both, all, neither, most, each, few等代词或者数词 (1) He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him. (2) In the basket there are quite many apples, some of which have gone bad. (3) There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities. 四．关系副词引导的定语从句 1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语 (1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school. (2) The time when we got together finally came. 2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语 (1) Shanghai is the city where I was born. (2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down. 3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语 (1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. (2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today. 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换 (1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear, (2) From the year when/in which he was going to school he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. (3) Great changes have taken place in the city in which./where I was born. 五．限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式上 不用逗号和主句隔开 用逗号和主句隔开 意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语，不能删除 是对先行词的补充说明，删除后意思仍完整 译法上 翻译成先行词的定语，“…的…” 通常翻译成主句的并列句 关系词的使用上 A．做宾语时可省略 B。可用that C．可用who代替whom A．不可省 B。不用that C。不用who代替whom 限制性定语从句举例： (1) The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. (2) China is a country which has a long history. 非限制性定语从句举例： (1) His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. (2) China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful. 要注意区分以下几个句子的不同 (1) His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college. 他那当医生的哥哥常鼓励他要考上大学。（他还有其他的哥哥） (2) His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college. 他的哥哥是当医生的，常鼓励他要考上大学。（他只有一个哥哥） 难点分析 （一）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况 1．当先行词是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时 (1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said? (2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world. (3) All that can be done has been done. (4) There is little that I can do for you. 注意：当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who (4) Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰 (1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 (1) This is the best film that I have seen. 4. 当形容词被the very, the only 修饰时 (1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy, (2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned. 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who (3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/ 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时 (1) Who is the man that is standing there? (2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时 (1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? （二）关系代词as和which引导的定语从句 as和which引导非限制性定语从句，有相同之处也有不同之处。具体情况是： 1．As和which都可以在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，代表前面整个句子。 (1) He married her, as/which was natural. (2) He was honest, as/which we can see. 2. as 引导非限制性定语从句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以切割一个主句；which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。另外，as有“正如……，正像……”的意思 (1) As is known to all, China is a developing country. (2) He is from the south, as we can see from his accent. (3) John, as you know, is a famous writer. (4) He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe. 注意：当主句和从句存在逻辑上的因果关系时，常用which (5) Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry. 3. 当先行次受such, the same修饰时，常用as (1) I have never heard such a story as he tells. (2) He is not such a fool as he looks. (3) This is the same book as I lost last week. 注意：当先行次由the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as所引导的定语从句意思不同 (4) She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding. 她穿着她在MARY婚礼上穿过的一条裙子。 (5) She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 她穿着和她妹妹所穿的一样的裙子。 （三）以the way为先行词的定语从句通常由in which, that引导，而且通常可以省略。 (1) The way in which/ that/./ he answered the question was surprising. (四) but有时也可以做关系词引导定语从句 (1) There are very few but understand his idea. ( but= who don’t ) (五) 区分定语从句和同位语从句 1．定语从句修饰先行词，它和先行词是修饰关系；同位语从句说明先行词的具体内容，是补充说明的关系 (1) The plane that has just taken off is for London. 定语从句 (2) The fact that he has been dead is clear. 同位于从句 2．定语从句由关系代词或者关系副词引导，关系词在句中充当成分，有时可以省略；同位语从句主要由that引导，在句中一般不做成分；句子也可以由when, where, how, why, whether, what等词引导，充当成分 (1) The news he told me is true. (2) The news that he has just died is true. (3) The problem that we are facing now is how we can collect so much money. 定语 (4) The problem how we can collect so much money is difficult to solve. 3. 同位语从句和先行词一般可以用be动词发展成一个完整的句子，而定语从句不可以 (1) The idea that we could ask the teacher for advice is wonderful. 同位语 (2) The idea was that we could ask the teacher for advice. (3) The fact that the earth moves around the earth is known to all. (4) The fact is that the earth moves around the earth. 回答者：luli78 - 见习魔法师 二级 1-11 19:55 下面的笔记请楼主参考: 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。 一、 限定性定语从句 1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句 6. when引导定语从句表示时间 〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time'一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc. 7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格 8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导 二、非限定性定语从句：非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明，通常和主句间用逗号隔开，将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立 1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分 2. 在引导限定性定语从句时，that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at which Attitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变，这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。 I like the music for the very reason that(for which) he dislike it. 我出于某种原因喜欢这种音乐，而他恰恰与我相反。 We arrived the day that(on which) they left. 刚好我们到的那天他们走了。 3. 有时as也可用作关系代词 4. 在非限定性定语从句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which代表事物 下列场合通常只用that 1. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时 the first lesson that they learn is the most difficult of all . this is the most interesting book that i’ve ever read . 2. 当先行词是all , anything , nothing , everything , none , much , little , few , the one等不定代词时 he did everything that he could to save the patient . i mean the one that was bought yesterday . there’s nothing in the world that can frighten him . all that i want is peace and quiet . 3. 当先行词被all , any , every , no , only , very , last , next , one of等词所修饰时 this is the very book that i’m interested in . the only thing that we could do was to wait . you can take any seat that is free . this is one of the presents that my parents gave me on my birthday . 4. 当先行词既指人又指物时 look at the girl and her dog that are crossing the street . the writer and his novel that you’ve just talked about is really well known . 5. 以which开头的疑问句中 which is the car that killed the old lady ? 6. 被修饰的成分为表语或关系代词在定语从句中作表语时 china isn’t the country that it used to be . that’s a good book that will help you a lot . 非限定性定语从句不能用that
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