瓷器茶具在日常的饮茶生活也常常被使用到。但随着景德镇瓷器的名声大噪，市面上的很多瓷器是伪劣产品。那么，该如何选购瓷器茶具呢?如何选购瓷器茶具？瓷器茶具无吸水性，音清而韵长。使用瓷器茶具泡茶能反映出茶汤色泽，对茶也不会发生化学反应。此外，泡茶能获得较好的色香味，且造型美观精巧。瓷器茶具最适合用来冲泡轻发酵、重香气，如文山包种茶。最常见的瓷器茶具有白瓷茶具、青瓷茶具。瓷器茶具的花色比紫砂更具观赏性。它的图案或清新俊朗或清淡悠扬。另外，目前由于陶瓷新工艺新技术与新材质的深度开发，一些新瓷器茶具中还加入各式花样图案，来满足青年消费者的喜好。白瓷茶具以景德镇的瓷器最为著名，青瓷茶具则主要产于浙江、四川等地，尤以浙江西南的龙泉县内的龙泉青瓷最为有名。龙泉青瓷以造形古朴挺健、釉色翠青如玉著称于世。另外还有产于四川、浙江等地的黑瓷茶具，广东等地产的仿古仿旧茶具都是各具特色。那么，如何选购瓷器茶具？在购买瓷器茶具时应主要对瓷器本身进行察看：器形是否周正，有无变形;釉色是否光洁，色度一致，有无砂钉、气泡眼、脱釉等。如果青花或彩绘则看其颜色是否不艳不晦，不浅不深，有光泽。最后要提起轻轻弹叩，再好的瓷器有裂纹便会大打折扣。如何选购瓷器茶具？总之在选购陶瓷茶具时，应考虑其实用性及艺术性兼具。茶壶的造型变化多端、层出不穷，由于市场的变革，使得许多茶壶徒有外形，而根本谈不上基本的实用要求。茶壶的好坏也不是以价格的高低去衡量，选择一款适合自己的茶具远比购买一套外形花哨但并无实际用途的茶具来的重要。
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UID 1471309
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陶瓷生产流程
外贸陶瓷必看！！
以下以贴花和手绘，分别介绍釉上彩和釉下彩的工艺流程：
第一种；Decaled Dinnerware
1.Milling 练泥
Various raw materials including feldspar, silica, clay and pottery stone are mixed and fine-milled in the ball mill.
2.Filter press & Vacuum extrusion 摞泥
The clay body is made by filter-pressing the slip. The pressed body de-aired and extruded to the required size through the pug mill.
3.Green Making 制坯
Using appropriated roller head and plaster mould, green body is formed. For the irregular shapes such as teapots and figurines, slip casting is used. In casting, liquid clay (slip) is poured into plaster moulds and the green shape forms on the mould as the water is absorbed through the plaster mould.
4.Finishing 修坯
The rough edges and foot of the green ware are cleaned with wet sponge by automatic edge-cleaning machine or by skilled hand
5.Glazing 上釉
To seal the surface of the biscuit body and to give the product its glossy finish, glaze is applied using automatic glaze spraying line.
6.Glost firing 烧釉
Carefully loading the glazed ware onto a kiln car, the glazed ware is fired at 1280∑ C. At the temperature, the glaze powder melts and turns into a transparent glass layer covering the biscuit body. The glost-fired ware is inspected and ready for the decoration.
7.Lithography&&贴花
The printed decal is transferred onto the glost ware and dried.
8.Decoration firing&&二次烧结
The decal and the ware are fired at appropriated temperatures and the printed patterns permanently fuse onto the glaze layer to give permanent durable decoration.
9.Inspeciton & Packaging 修整 成箱
Experienced eyes in the inspection area checks for possible faults in the ware and the finished ware is packaged as necessary
第二种：Handpainted Dinnerware
1.Milling&&练泥
Various raw materials including feldspar, silica, clay and pottery stone are mixed and fine-milled in the ball mill.
2.Filter press & Vacuum extrusion 摞泥
The clay body is made by filter-pressing the slip. The pressed body de-aired and extruded to the required size through the pug mill.
3.Green Making 制坯
Using appropriated roller head and plaster mould, green body is formed. For the irregular shapes such as teapots and figurines, slip casting is used. In casting, liquid clay (slip) is poured into plaster moulds and the green shape forms on the mould as the water is absorbed through the plaster mould.
4.Finishing 修坯
The rough edges and foot of the green ware are cleaned with wet sponge by automatic edge-cleaning machine or by skilled hand
5.Handpainting 手绘
The picture is drawn or painted by hands,then dried.
6.Glazing 上釉
To seal the surface of the biscuit body and to give the product its glossy finish, glaze is applied using automatic glaze spraying line.
7.Glost firing 烧釉
Carefully loading the glazed ware onto a kiln car, the glazed ware is fired once again at 1280∑ C. At the temperature, the glaze powder melts and turns into a transparent glass layer covering the biscuit body. The glost-fired ware is inspected and ready for the decoration.
8.Inspeciton & Packaging 修整 成箱
Experienced eyes in the inspection area checks for possible faults in the ware and the finished ware is packaged as necessary
以上我也是结合别人的资料总结的，只有2种工艺为例，大家可以提出不足之处共同探讨，
比如关于工艺流程中比较关键的一环是什么？进行瓷器验货最要注意的是什么？
现在是不是有些地方已经运用到了现代工艺，可以节省成本？
UID 1418414
阅读权限 40
回复 #1 Joannafang 的帖子
白瓷生产（简要）流程：
1.制胎---mother mould
2.开模具---making the son mould
3.干燥---drying
4.制坯---shape forming
5.干燥---drying
6.上釉---make glazing
7.烧成---glazing firing
8.成瓷---white body
以上是本人挨了经理一顿骂记住的。。。。。。
希望大家可以互相学习，分享更多有用的陶瓷餐具等陶瓷外贸方面的英语。因为初入陶瓷行业，有很多要学习的地方！
UID 1516088
阅读权限 40
我做单过程中，因为都是做的促销杯，感觉客户很在乎LOGO的效果，所以，会觉得贴花很重要，其他的话，因为没有去工厂实践过，其他还需加强了解
UID 1005455
阅读权限 40
陶瓷英语词汇（1）
stoneware:粗瓷
dolomite：白云土
terracotta:红土
construction/building material :建筑材料
type of glaze:
matt:哑光,无光泽的，不光滑的 transparent:透明釉 opaque: 不透明釉 pigmented:色釉
crackled:裂纹釉
pearlized :珍珠釉
under glazed:釉下彩
on-glazed:釉上彩
浮雕：relief, emboss
bisque firing:素烧
glost firing:釉烧
gild ：镀金
decal：贴花
trinket box：首饰盒
silk screen printing :丝网印
素彩瓷 plain porcelain
高温陶瓷 refractory china
tunnel:隧道窑
Roller kiln辊道窑
印花：stamping
陶瓷原料 Ceramic Material
陶瓷英语词汇（2）
长石feldspar
瓷泥petunse, petuntse, petuntze
瓷漆enamel paint, enamel
高岭土kaolin, china clay
硅石,二氧化硅silica, SiO2
堇青石cordierite
莫来石,红柱石andalusite
泥果,坯体clay body 泥釉slip
石灰,生石灰,氧化钙lime, calcium oxide, CaO
氧化锡tin oxide
原材料raw material
皂石,块滑石steatite
陶瓷类型 Types of Pottery
碧玉细炻器 jasper
薄胎瓷 thin china
彩陶器,釉陶 faience
陈设瓷,摆设瓷 display china
瓷 porcelain, china (China ‘中国’来自’Chin’’秦’,在英文中’中国’和’瓷’同一单词)
赤陶 terracotta, terracotta, red earthenware
代尔夫精陶 delft
德化陶瓷 Te-hua porcelain, Dehua pottery
高温陶瓷 refractory china
工业陶瓷 industrial ceramics
工艺瓷,美术瓷,艺术瓷 art porcelain, art and craft china, art pottery, artistic china 骨瓷 bone china
官瓷 mandarin porcelain
光瓷 lusterware
黑色陶器 basalt
裂变瓷 crackled porcelain
裂纹瓷 crazed china
米色陶器 creamware
青瓷 celadon
青花瓷 bule and white porcelain
轻质瓷、轻瓷 light china
日用瓷 household china, table ware
软瓷 soft porcelain
杀菌陶瓷 antiseptic pottery
绳纹陶器 Jomon pottery
施釉陶器 slipware
炻瓷 stoneware
素彩瓷 plain porcelain
陶瓷英语词汇（3）
陶 earthenware
陶瓷 pottery
无釉陶、陶瓷素烧坯 biscuit, unglazed ware
锡釉陶 majolica
细瓷 fine china
硬瓷 hard porcelain
赭色粘土陶器 terra sigillata
紫砂 purple granulated, purple sand, terra-cotta
工艺技术 Technology
凹雕 intaglio
标记 marking
玻璃化 vitrify
车削 turning
成型 forming
冲压,冲压花 repousse
瓷土加工 clay processing
雕刻 carving
浮雕 relief
隔焰窑 muffle
工艺技术 technology
硅氧键 silicon-oxygen bond
技艺 technique, craft
间断窑 intermittent kiln
浇铸 casting
拉毛 sgraffito
连续窑 continuous kiln
镂雕、镂空 piercing
辘轳车 jigger
泥釉彩饰法 trailing
碾磨 grinding
抛光 burnishing, polishing
嵌入 inlay
切刻 incising
筛子 sieve
烧制 firing
陶瓷科技 ceramics
陶轮 potter’s wheel
贴花、嵌花 appliqu , decal
凸雕，底切，拉底，底部掏槽 undercut
细裂纹 craze
性能 property
压印 impressing
印花 stamping
釉上彩 overglazed color figure
釉下彩 underglazed color figure
预加工 pre-processing 粘性，粘滞性 viscosity, stiffness
转模片 jiggered piece
转印 transfer print
斑点 speck
半透明 translucence, translucency, translucent
不渗透的 nonporous
不透明的 opaque
茶叶罐 caddy
单色的 monochrome
多色的 polychrome
高白 high white,
自己收集的，分享一下
(HattieHuang)
UID 304083
阅读权限 40
回复 #2 wuxiaochan1988 的帖子
学习了 谢谢~~~~
UID 267976
阅读权限 40
谢谢楼主分享~& &wo好好学学
UID 1058699
阅读权限 40
好东西，谢谢楼主分享！
UID 338472
阅读权限 40
先收藏啦。。。。。。。。。。
UID 1552184
阅读权限 0
虽然。。。还是要顶一下
UID 1479611
阅读权限 40
谢谢了，有用的东西以后会接触到哦！
UID 1564433
阅读权限 40
好东西，学习了
UID 487911
阅读权限 60
来自 Jingdezhen
lz 不错 很善于分享
UID 891657
积分 14456
阅读权限 80
真不错 置顶此帖 谢谢谢谢
UID 1221751
阅读权限 25
Actually, this procedure is not so clear enough. For any ceramic product that you have underglaze painting and overglaze decal , four times
firing will be requested, but firing the clay body, and after painting that should also need to fire it again and then dipping glaze, then firing
glaze. And after applying the decal on the glazed surface, it will be requested to fire it again. During these four times firing, the temperature
is different,&&but the highest temperature is to the glaze firing.
UID 1546734
阅读权限 40
来自 foshan
& && &学习了
当前时区 GMT+8, 现在时间是
Powered by D1scuz! && 2001-　　中国国家标准化信息介绍
　　项目编号Plan Name in Chinese -T-609中国国家标准化管理委员会
　　中文项目名称Plan Name in Chinese 陶瓷砖试验方法抗冻性的测定
　　英文项目名称Plan Name in English Test method of
tiles Determination of frost resistance
　　制\修订Plan Name in English 修订
　　被修订标准号Replaced Standard GB/T 6
　　采用国际标准Adopted International Standard ISO
　　采用国际标准号Adopted International Standard No ISO 10545-13
　　采用程度Application Degree IDT
　　采标名称Adopted International Standard Name
　　标准类别Plan Name in English Plan Name in English 方法
　　国际标准分类号(ICS) 91.100.25
　　计划完成年限Suppose to Be Finished Year 2013年
　　完成时间Achievement Time
　　所处阶段Plan Phase 起草阶段
　　国家标准号Standard No.
　　备注Remark 国标委综合[号
　　起草单位Drafting Committee
　　主管部门Governor 中国建筑材料联合会
　　归口单位Technical Committees 249 全国建筑卫生陶瓷标准化技术委员会
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ASTM C10)&&用定量单点过敏性测试对陶瓷涂层附着强度和机械故障种类的试验方法
ASTM C10)&&用定量单点过敏性测试对陶瓷涂层附着强度和机械故障种类的试验方法
用定量单点过敏性测试对陶瓷涂层附着强度和机械故障种类的试验方法
Standard Test Method for Adhesion Strength and Mechanical Failure Modes of Ceramic Coatings by Quantitative Single Point Scratch Testing
英文版,中文版
美国材料与试验协会ASTM
This test is intended to assess the mechanical integrity, failure modes, and practical adhesion strength of a specific hard ceramic coating on a given metal or ceramic substrate. The test method does not measure the fundamental x201C;adhesion strengthx201D; of the bond between the coating and the substrate. Rather, the test method gives a quantitative engineering measurement of the practical (extrinsic) adhesion strength and damage resistance of the coating-substrate system as a function of applied normal force. The adhesion strength and damage modes depend on the complex interaction of the coating/substrate properties (hardness, fracture strength, modulus of elasticity, damage mechanisms, microstructure, flaw population, , and so forth) and the test parameters (stylus properties and geometry, loading rate, displacement rate, and so forth). The quantitative coating adhesion scratch test is a simple, practical, and rapid test. However, reliable and reproducible test results require careful control of the test system configuration and testing parameters, detailed analysis of the coating damage features, and appropriate characterization of the properties and morphology of the coating and the substrate of the test specimens. The coating adhesion test has direct application across the full range of coating development, engineering, and production efforts. Measurements of the damage mechanisms in a coating as a function of applied normal forces are useful to understand material-process- quantify and qualify the mechanical response of coating- asses measur and support failure analysis. This test method is applicable to a wide range of hard ceramic coating compositionscarbides, nitrides, oxides, diamond, and diamond like carbonapplied by physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, and direct oxidation methods to metal and ceramic substrates.
Note 28212;Under narrow circumstances, the test may be used for ceramic coatings on polymer substrates with due consideration of the differences in elastic modulus, ductility, and strength between the two types of materials. Commonly, the low comparative modulus of the polymer substrate means that the ceramic coating will generally tend to fail in bending (through-thickness adhesive failure) before cohesive failure in the coating itself.
Ceramic coatings can be crystalline or amorphous, but commonly have high relative density with limited porosity (x003C;5 %). Porous coatings can be tested, but the effects of porosity on the damage mechanisms in the coating must be carefully considered. The test method, as defined with the 200 x03BC;m radius Rockwell diamond stylus, is commonly used for ceramic coating thicknesses in the range of 0.10 to 30 x03BC;m. Thinner coatings may require a smaller diameter stylus and lower normal forces for reliable results. Thicker coatings may require larger diameter stylus and higher normal forces. Any variations in stylus size and geometry and designated normal force ranges shall be reported. Specimens commonly have a flat planar surface for testing, but cylinder geometries can also be tested if they are properly fixtured and aligned and the scratch direction is along the long axis of the specimen. The physical size of the test specimen is determined primarily by the capabilities and limits of the test equipment stage and fixturing. The test is commonly conducted under unlubricated conditions and at room temperature. However, it is feasible and possible to modify the test equipment and test conditions to conduct the test with lubrication............
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