冠词后面可以修饰副词修饰形容词吗例如a heavily rain

2017年初中英语语法精讲:不怕学不会,就怕不会学!附有例题讲解哦2017年初中英语语法精讲:不怕学不会,就怕不会学!附有例题讲解哦抽象火百家号不少同学觉得英语难学,其中最让人头痛就属语法部分。今天老师就专门为同学们讲解一下初中英语语法其中最为重要的3大要点,希望同学们好好学习。当然,如果读者还有别的方面的问题,都可以通过文末直接与我交流。词类一、知识要点名词、代词、动词、形容词、副词、数词、冠词、介词、连词和感叹词。1.名词。n.名词用来表示人、事物或抽象概念,如:boy男孩,morning早晨,duty责任,在句子中主要作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语、定语等。The tomatoes on the table are very fresh.桌子上的西红柿很新鲜。(作主语)He is a doctor.他是个医生。(作表语)We’ll call the baby Mary.我们要给这个婴儿取名玛丽。(作宾语补足语)2.代词。pro.代词用来代替名词或数词,如:we我们,their他们的, that那个, several几个;在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。I know her sister. She is always ready to help others.我认识她妹妹,她乐于助人。(I和she作主语;her作定语;others作宾语)The English teacher is not himself today.英语老师今天不舒服。(作表语)3.数词。num.数词表示数目和顺序,即基数词和序数词。如:one一个,thousand千,twelfth第十二;在句子主要作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。Three of us are from Beijing.我们中有三个人是北京来的。(作主语)You are the second one to come to see me.你是第二个来看我的人。(作定语)We don’t need so many people. We need only five.我们不需要这么多人,我们只需要五个。(作宾语)4.形容词。adj.形容词表示人或事物的特征,如big、white在句中主要作表语、定语、补足语等。Look! Your bike is bigger than mine.看,你的自行车比我的大。(作表语)He found the door open.他发现门是开着的。(作宾语补足语)5.副词。adv.副词表示时间、地点、程度、动作特征等,如:now现在,often经常,quietly安静地;在句中主要作状语,修饰形容词、副词、动词、句子等。She can sing very well.她歌唱得非常好。(修饰副词well)He stepped into the room quietly without being noticed.他悄悄地走进房间,没有人注意到他。(修饰动词stepped)6.动词。v.动词用来表示动作或状态,如:speak说,lie躺,become成为;在句中主要作谓语或与名词、形容词、实义动词等一起构成复合谓语。He bought a computer yesterday.他昨天买了一台电脑。(作谓语)Tom was sick at home.汤姆有病在家。(与形容词一起构成复合谓语)7.冠词。art.冠词用于名词前,对名词起限制作用,不定冠词a/ an一个,定冠词the这/那个,这/那些。There are some vegetables in the basket.篮子里有些蔬菜。8.介词。prep.介词用于名词或代词前,表示与其他词的关系。如on在……上面,for为……I have waited here for three hours.我在这里等了三个小时了。9.连词。conj.连词用于连接词与词、短语与短语或句子与句子,如and和,but但是,when当……时候。We talked and talked until he came.我们一直谈到他来。10.感叹词。interj.感叹词用来表示说话时的感情或口气。如:hi嗨,hello喂,aha啊哈,wow哇。Ah, here is the thing I’m after.啊,我找的东西在这里呢。二、易错点1.形容词和副词用法混淆Children on the playground are playing happy.操场上的孩子们高兴地玩着。解析:happy是形容词,这个句子应该用副词修饰动词,应改为happily。When his father heard this, he got angrily.他爸爸听到这,就生气了。解析:get是系动词,后面要接形容词表示主语的状态,angrily应改为angry。Look! It is raining hardly outside.外面雨下得很大。解析:副词hard(猛烈地)误用为hardly(几乎不)。再如容易错误的把friendly、lovely等形容词当作副词来使用。2.连词和副词用法混淆We were very tired, however, we felt excited.我们很累,但是很兴奋。分析however是副词,不能连接句子,应把however,改为but,或者改为:We were very tired。However, we felt excited.3.介词和副词用法混淆He told me the teacher asked me to come into.他告诉我老师让我进去。解析:into是介词,应该接宾语,否则就应该用in代替into。也可以改成come into the classroom。构词法1.合成法合成法是英语单词的最基本的构词法。它通常由两个单词合在一起构成与这两个单词意思有关系和联系的新单词。合成词的特点是:两个单词合在一起构成新的单词,有时要加连字符,有时可能有一些词形方面的变化。class + room - classroom教室 black + board - blackboard黑板bath + room - bathroom浴室 day + dreaming - daydreaming白日梦kind + heart+ed - kindhearted好心的 good + look+ing - good-looking好看的man + made - man-made人造的 well + known - well-known著名的掌握合成法的构词方法会对单词的记忆和生词的推测有很大帮助例句What’s the meaning of the underlined sentence?解析:这个句子是阅读理解题中经常出现的一个问题,underlined可能对一些同学来说是个生词。我们可以看出它是由under和line加上-d构成的,因此很容易猜出词义是“下面划线的”。2.派生法派生法是英语构词法最广泛的,也是最常用的方法。派生词包括加前缀和后缀两种形式。前缀:是在单词的前面加的某些固定的字母组合,经常见到的前缀有im-,un-,dis-,in-,a-,tele-等。其中im-,un-,dis-,in-,一般构成反义词。honest诚实的-dishonest不诚实的 possible可能的-impossible不可能的happy高兴的- unhappy不高兴的 polite有礼貌的-impolite没有礼貌的例句It is _____ (possible) for you to write such a long novel in an hour. It may take you one day.解析:答案是impossible。从后面句子的意思“可能要花一天时间”理解一个小时写如此长的小说是不可能的,所以加前缀构成反义词impossible,表示“不可能的”。例句They don’t like your brother because he is a very ______ (honest) boy.解析:答案是dishonest。从前面句子的意思“他们不喜欢你的弟弟”可以理解后面的句子是加前缀构成的dishonest表示“不诚实”的意思,表示不喜欢的原因。后缀:后缀是在单词的后面加的某些固定的字母组合。经常见到的后缀有:①名词后缀:-er,-or,-tion,-ian,-ment,-ness等。art艺术-artist艺术家 move移动- movement运动 educate 教育-education 教育teach教-teacher 教师 act表演- actor男演员 translate 翻译-translation 翻译例句Three ______ (visit) will come to our village and teach us English.解析:答案是visitors。从句子的意思可以理解是三个“参观者”,所以在visit的后面加后缀变为名词visitors。②副词后缀:一般由形容词+ly或-ward(s)等后缀变为副词。easy容易的-easily容易地 heavy大的、重的-heavily沉重地、很重地例句Look! It is raining ________ (heavy) outside now.解析:答案是heavily。从句子的结构可以看出应该用副词修饰动词rain,heavy的副词是变y为i,加后缀-ly构成。③形容词后缀:一般由名词+-y,-able,-ful,-ive,-less,-al等后缀构成形容词。如表示天气的名词加后缀-y构成形容词:rain雨-rainy有雨的 wind风-windy有风的 cloud云-cloudy多云的例句What’s the weather like today? It’s ______ (fog)。解析:答案是foggy。从句子的意思可以理解是用形容词表示“天气是多雾的”,fog是名词,它的形容词是在名词后双写g再加后缀-y。例句We can eat this kind of plants. They are ______ (harm) to our health.解析:答案是harmless。从句子的结构可以理解应该用形容词作表语,从上下文中看出应该用harmless,表示“无害的”。3.转化法有一些单词词形没有变化,但词性发生变化,这种构词法叫词的转化。Let’s have a swim after school. (swim在此句中是名词)I can swim now.(此句的swim是动词)。再如:Look! Your mother is cleaning your room. (clean是动词)Oh, how clean your room is now.(clean是形容词)1.合成词容易出现的错误:一般是句义和词义判断不够准确,忘记用连字符等。如Who is the ______ (中年的) woman over there?解析:易误用middleage。要注意有些合成词是需要在词形上作一些改变,更要注意有些合成词需由连字符“-”连接。在此句中用合成词middle-aged。The nine-years-old girl can sing twelve English songs.解析:数词+名词+形容词构成的合成词时名词要用单数,所以nine-years-old应改为nine-year-old。2.派生词容易出现的错误:单词的前缀或后缀记忆不清;不能从句子的意思准确判断出用哪一个派生词。如:The boy became ______ (home) after his parents died two years ago.解析:易误用inhome。出现错误的原因是随便给home加了表示否定的前缀。在此句中应该用派生词homeless表示“无家可归”的意思。Your teacher was very ______ (happy) because you forgot your homework.解析:易误用happily。出现错误的原因是不能理解某些后缀或前缀的作用和意义。在此句中派生词unhappy表示“不高兴”的意思,而happily是副词“高兴的”,只有用unhappy才能和整个句子的意思保持一致。The radio says it will be _____ (rain) this afternoon. You’d better take your raincoat.解析:易错用raining。出现错误的原因是认为be后面用现在分词构成现在进行时,在此句中用派生词rainy和be连用构成系表结构表示“下雨的天气”。动词实义动词及用法实义动词也叫行为动词,是四类动词中唯一能独立作谓语的一类动词。根据其句法功能可以分为及物动词和不及物动词两类。1、及物动词及物动词本身意义不够完整,需要后接宾语才能使其意思完整。1)动词+宾语,构成主谓宾句型。例如:Could you please clean the blackboard?请你擦黑板好吗?We learn English every day.我们每天学习英语。2)动词+直接宾语+to/for+间接宾语 /动词+间接宾语+直接宾语,构成主谓双宾句型。有的动词必须在后面带表示人的间接宾语和表示物的直接宾语,即两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。例如:Who teaches you English?谁教你们英语?Please pass me the book.= Please pass the book to me.请把那本书递给我。My mother bought me a snow globe on my birthday.= My mother bought a snow globe for me on my birthday.我过生日时我妈买给我一个雪球。常见的带双宾语的动词有:pass, give, bring, buy, get, leave, lend, make, cook, teach, tell, write, read, return, ask, show等。3)动词+宾语+宾语补足语,构成主谓复宾句型。有的动词必须在宾语后再加上形容词、副词、名词、不定式、-ing形式、介词短语等做宾语补足语,构成复合宾语,句子意思才能够表达完整。例如:Please keep the door open.请让门开着。(形容词open做宾补)I often see the children play in the park。我经常看见孩子们在公园里玩。(不带to的不定式play做宾补)。You can call me Mrs Jones.你们可以称呼我琼斯夫人。(名词Mrs Jones做宾补)动词see, hear, watch, make, let, have, notice, find等经常以动词不定式或-ing形式做宾补。2、不及物动词1)不及物动词自身意思完整,无需再接宾语。例如:Horses run fast。马儿跑得快。He sings well.他唱得好。2)很多不及物动词也可以用作及物动词,还有的不及物动词后带上某个介词就成了带宾语的及物动词。例如:They are reading.他们在朗读。(read为不及物动词)They are reading English.他们在朗读英语。(read为及物动词)He is waiting at the bus stop.他在公交车站等。(wait为不及物动词)He is waiting for me at the bus stop.他在公交车站等我。(wait for为及物动词,带me做宾语)三、连系动词连系动词本身有词义,但不能单独作谓语,必须和其后面的表语一起构成合成谓语,说明主语的性质、特征、状态或身份。常见的连系动词有be, become(变得、成为), get(变得), look(看起来),seem(似乎、好像),turn(变得),sound(听起来),smell(闻起来),taste(尝起来),feel(摸起来)等。除be以外的连系动词大多数时候是实义动词,他们用作连系动词时多数没有进行时态,也没有被动语态。例如:He is angry.他生气了。He got angry at the news.听到这个消息他生气了。That sounds good.那听起来不错。Trees turn green when spring comes.春天来临,树叶转绿。China is getting stronger and stronger.中国正变得越来越强大。四、助动词助动词本身没有词义或意思不完整,不能单独作谓语。它们的主要作用是帮助构成时态、语态、疑问句或否定句等。1、助动词be(am, is, are, was, were)1) be+doing(现在分词),构成进行时例如:They are listening to music.他们在听音乐。(be的现在时形式帮助构成现在进行时)They were walking down the street when the UFO landed.(be的过去时形式帮助构成过去进行时)2)be+done(及物动词的过去分词),构成被动语态例如:The light bulb was invented by Thomas Edison.电灯泡是由托马斯。爱迪生发明的。(be的过去时形式帮助构成过去时的被动语态)The classroom is cleaned every day.教室每天打扫。(be的现在时形式帮助构成现在时的被动语态)The problem will be solved next week.这个问题将在下周得到解决。(be的将来时形式帮助构成将来时的被动语态)2、have (has, had)1)have/has/had+done(动词的过去分词),构成完成时态。例如:They have already done their homework.他们已经完成作业。(have+过去分词构成现在完成时)He hasn’t come yet.他还没有回来。(has+过去分词构成现在完成时)The bus had gone when I got to the bus stop.我到达车站时公交车已经离开。(had+过去分词构成过去完成时)2)have/has/had+been+doing(动词的现在分词),构成完成进行时态。例如:How long have you been collecting shells?你收集贝壳有多长时间了?He has been studying English since five years ago.他从5年前开始就一直在学习英语。3、助动词do/ does/ did助动词do/ does/ did主要帮助构成疑问句,也可用于倒装句、强调句或代替上文提到过的行为等。他们的否定式don’t/ doesn’t/ didn’t帮助构成否定句。例如:Does he often play sports after school?他经常放学后做运动吗?We don’t speak Japanese.我们不说日语。Did they visit the Palace Museum on their last day off?他们上个休息日参观故宫了吗?She didn’t watch TV yesterday evening.她昨晚上没看电视。4、助动词will, shall, would, should助动词will, shall主要用于构成一般将来时,其中will可用于各人称,而shall一般只用于第一人称。would,should是will,shall的过去式,可以用于构成过去将来时,但很多时候被用作情态动词。例如:There will be more trees and less pollution in the future.将来会有更多的树木,更少的污染。(帮助构成一般将来时)Shall we go to the park on the weekend?我们周末去公园好吗?(一般将来时,用于提出建议)They said they would come the next day.他们说他们第二天来。(帮助构成过去将来时)Would you mind my turning down the radio?你介意我关小收音机吗?(用于礼貌地提出建议)You should lie down and rest.你应该躺下休息。(用于提供建议)5、情态动词can, may, must, might, could等情态动词具有一定的词义,用以表达说话人的态度或情感,必须和后面的实义动词一起构成合成谓语。今天的内容就先到这了,希望读者能从中得到些益处。作为一名资深的老师,每天都会在朋友圈分享一些关于教育、学习能力提升的文章。如果您认为我的文章对您有所帮助,您在教育孩子的过程中有任何疑问,您的孩子有学习状态不佳,成绩不理想,待人处事态度不良等问题,欢迎在微信端查找一栏上输入我的私人号来找我,无偿查看更多关于教育、学习方法、记忆训练的文章!看看最专业的说法!老师的私人号:有任何疑问或者不太懂的或者需要打印版本的,都可以在评论处留言,我来帮助大家解决疑惑。本文仅代表作者观点,不代表百度立场。系作者授权百家号发表,未经许可不得转载。抽象火百家号最近更新:简介:精彩不容错过,欢迎关注每天来看哦作者最新文章相关文章  形容词和副词是每年高考英语语法测试的重点和热点,也是学习中的难点。在完形填空、语法填空、短文改错等题型中,形容词和副词" />
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周一至周五
9:00&22:00
形容词和副词常见考点分析与演练
  形容词和副词是每年高考英语语法测试的重点和热点,也是学习中的难点。在完形填空、语法填空、短文改错等题型中,形容词和副词是必考项目。平时做题时,要结合语境,做到“词不离句、句不离文”,注意习惯用法和固定搭配。熟记常见的句型,理解上不能留任何疑点。下面结合典型考题,对形容词和副词进行对比分析,以帮助大家学好这一语法项目。 中国论文网 http://www.xzbu.com/9/view-7328341.htm  一、形容词和副词的基本用法   1.形容词在句中一般作定语、表语、补语。形容词用逗号与句子隔开,在句中作状语。   【考例1】As_______(nature) architects, thePueblo Indians figured out exactly…(2015年全国卷II)   解析:natural。形容词作定语修饰名词architects。   【考例2】Hans Zhang was____(自豪的)of himself for not giving up. (2015年陕西卷)   解析:proud。be proud of“对……引以为豪”。形容词proud作was的表语。   【考例3】____(shock), I took it fromher automatically. She smiled and walked away.(2015年上海卷).   解析:Shocked。过去分词shocked用作形容词,在句中作状语。   2.副词在句中主要作状语,修饰谓语动词或系表结构。   【考例1】Abercrombie&Kent,a travel com-pany in Hong Kong, says it____(regular)arranges quick getawavs here for people…(2015年全国卷I)   解析:regularly。修饰动词arranges应用副词regularly。   【考例2】改错:How nice to see you again!Dad and l were terrible worried.(2015年全国II卷)   解析:terrible改为terribly。应用副词terri-bly修饰系表结构were worried。   【考例3】____ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. (2015年广东卷)   解析:Luckilyoluckily为副词,意为“幸运的是”。luckily在句中作状语,放在句首修饰整个句子。   【考例4】Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat____(slow) during cool nights, thuswarming the house. (2015年全国II卷)   解析:slowlyo用slow的副词形式slowly修饰动词短语give out。   二、形容词和副词的比较等级   1.平级比较   常用as_as, not as/so…as,as+形容词+as。注意区分下列固定结构:as long as“与……一样长”;as far as“与……一样远,就……而言”;as well as“与……一样好,既……又……”。   【考例】完成句子   没有哪项技术的发展像电子技术这样,对我们的社会、经济以及文化等诸多方面产生过如此重要的影响。   No other technological development has had_________as the growth of electronics on so many aspects of social, economic, and cultural de-velopment. (impact)(2014年湖北卷)   解析:as great an impact/such a great im-pact。本题考查as_as结构引导的同级比较。注意as…as结构中间的名词应该置于形容词之后。   2.比较级   【考例l】While finding information is easierthan ever, at the same time, researching has be-come____complex.(2015年湖南卷)   解析:more。根据上文中的“Research has become both simpler and more complex.”可知,本空填more。   【考例2】The result is what amounts to a huge outdoor vending machine. Yet I think the term“automatic shop”is far_______(appro-priate).(2014年上海卷)   解析:more appropriate。自动售货机英语为huge outdoor vending machine,但是作者认为用术语“automatic shop”相比之下应是“较合适”,即用比较级形式。由于appropriate为多音节形容词,故前面加more。   【注1】用“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,越……”。   【考例】The____(hard) you try to beat him, the more likely you will get hit. He controls you! (2014年辽宁卷)
  解析:harder。本题考查“the+比较级,the+比较级”结构。   【注2】“否定词十比较级”表达最高级。   【考例】翻译:没有什么比获准参加太空旅行项目更令人兴奋的了。(than)(2014年上海卷)   ___________________________________________   ___________________________________________   解析:There is nothing more exciting than being allowed to take part in the space travel pro-gram.   3.最高级   【考例1)It was____(nice) gift I’d ev-er received, and it was from a complete stranger.(2015年上海卷)   解析:the nicest。形容词最高级修饰的名词,其后常接含有完成时的定语从句。   【考例2】改错:My mum makes the betterbiscuits in the world…(2015年陕西卷)   解析:better改成best。名词biscuits后用in the world修饰,其前需要用最高级best修饰,故把better改成best。   【考例3】完成句子   这部小说曾经是美国高中阅读最广泛的书。   This novel was once the____book in high schools in the United States. (read) (2014年湖北卷)   解析:most widely read。“阅读最广泛的书”,可译为the most widely read book。   三、倍数表达法   1.倍数+as+形容词/副词的原级+as…   2.倍数+形容词/副词的比较级+than…   3.倍数+the+名词(如size, height, weight,length, width等)+of…   4.倍数+as+形容词+ al an+名词+as…   5.倍数+as many(或much)+名词+as…   6.倍数+ what从句/that of…   【考例l】It’s said that the power plant is now________large as what it was. (2013年安徽卷)   A.twice as   B.as twice   C. twice much   D.much twice   解析:A。根据空格后面的as判断,形容词large前面必须加as,倍数twice放在第一个as的前面。   【考例2】There are a small number of people involved, possibly_______twenty. (2013年江西卷)   A. as few as   B.as Iittle as   C.as many as   D.as much as   解析:A。题中people是可数名词,常用few或many修饰。   四、形容词和副词的顺序   1.多个形容词修饰名词的排列顺序是考试常考的内容,大家应该记住下列口诀:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍出材料,作用类别往后靠。   【考例】It’s a____clock,made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.(2013年上海卷)   A. charming French small   B. French small charming   C. small French charming   D. charming small French   解析:D。选项中的charming属于描绘性的,small是大小,French是国籍。   2.副词修饰形容词的特殊词序:so/as/how/that/too+形容词+a(an)+单数可数名词。   【考例】I make $2,000 a week,60 surely won’t make____difference to me.   A.that a big   B.a that big   C.big a that   D.that big a   解析:D。副词that表示“那么……”修饰形容词big,相当于s0及how的用法,即that(so/how) biga difference。   五、连接副词   副词起连接作用,使前后句构成某种逻辑上的衔接。常见的连接副词有therefore, be-sides, otherwise, however, moreover, thus, mean-while等。   【考例1】Many of us were raised with the saying“Waste not, want not.” None of us,_________,can completely avoid waste in our lives. (2014年福建卷)   解析:however。根据句意可知上下文之间是转折关系,所以使用副词however表示转折,前后都需要使用逗号隔开。
  【考例2】It’s our hope that we will play a greater role in the market place and,____,supply more jobs. (2014年安徽卷)   A.however   B.anywhere   C. therefore D.otherwise   解析:C。本题中“we will play a greater role in the market place”与“supply more jobs”之间是因果关系,故选C。   六、表语形容词   active, afraid, alone, alive, alike, asleep, ashamed, awake, afloat, available, well. sorry, un-able, worth, sure等表语形容词并非只能作表语,也可作补足语或后置定语。possible, impos-sible, probable, necessary, convenient, inconve-nient等作表语时,常用it作主语,而不用“人”作主语。likely既可用it作主语,也可用“人”作主语。   【考例1】-Can you lend me the book Gone with the Wind?   -Sorry. I returned it to the library just now.Maybe it is still____.   A. available   B.affordable   C. acceptable   D.valuable   解析:A。根据下半句中的still可知用avail-able,而affordable“支付的起的”;acceptable“可接受的”;valuable“贵重的”均不符合题意。   【考例2】Would it be__________for you to pick me up at four o’clock and take me to the air-port?   A.free   B.vacant   C.handy   D.convenient   解析:Do it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式。根据句意可知选convenient意为“方便的”。   七、形容词、副词词义辨析   1.掌握形容词、副词的基本意义或固定搭配。   【考例1】Listening is thus an active, not a________, behavior consisting of hearing, under-standing and remembering. (2015年浙江卷)   A. considerate   B.sensitive   C.reliable   D.passive   解析:Do considerate“考虑周全的”;sensi-tive“敏感的”;reliable“可靠的”;passive“被动的”。根据not可知前后是反义表达,所以选D。   【考例2】The police officers decided to con-cluct a Lhorough and____review of thecase. (2015年江苏卷)   A. comprehensive   B.complicated   C. conscious   D.crucial   解析:A。comprehensive“综合的,全面的,有理解力的”;complicated“复杂的”;conscious“有意识的”;crucial“至关重要的”。根据题意可知选A。   【考例3lThe girl used to be shy, but is_______getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.(2015年湖北卷)   A.gradually   B.usually   C.previously   D.merely   解析:Ao gradually“逐渐地”;usually“通常,经常”;previously“以前”;merely“仅仅”。根据题意可知选A。   【考例4】They gave money to the old people’shome either____or through their compa-nies. (2015年安徽卷)   A.legally   B.sincerely   C. personally   D.deliberately   解析:Colegally“合法地”;sincerely“真诚地”;personally“个人而言”;deliberately“故意地”。根据题意可知选C。   2.掌握一些特殊的形容词、副词用法。如修饰population用large/small,修饰price用high/low,下大雨用It rained heavily或a heavy rain;连词though, since,in case也可用作副词。   【考例l】The school was moved out of down-town as the number of students had grown too______________________________.
  A.small   B.few   C.large   D.many   解析:Cothe number of“……的数量”,其后的形容词应为“大小”(large/small),不用“多少”(many/few)。   【考例2】Playing on a frozen sports field sounds like a lot of fun. Isn’t it rather risky,_______?   A. though   B.also C.either   D.too   解析:A。前后两句之间是转折关系。   八、强化训练   (一)改错。找出下列句子中的错误并改正。   1. Global warming has already become a very seriously problem.   2. He liked it so very much that he quickly walked into the shop.   3.I thought the biscuits were really well.   4. On the left-hand side of the class,I coulcl easy see the football field.   5. So really friendship should he able to stand all sorts of tests.   6. Nearly five years before, and with the help of our father, my sister and I planted some cherrv tomatoes(圣女果)in our back garden.   7. As a result, the plants are growing some-where.   8. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste.   9. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!   10. Don’t panic or get out of line, ancl try to remain quiet and calmly.   11. The teachers here are kind and helpfully.They are not only our teachers but also our friends.   12. Just then a bird was flying over us. My un-cles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird.   13. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses are.   14. No one in the carriage had previous spo-ken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before.   15. I was taking a train to London’s Victoria Station. I noticed that the carriage was noise and filled with people.   (二)完成句子 o在空白处填入适当的内容   1. Hardly had Sabrina finished her words when Albert said_____(sharp), “Don’t be somean, pointing a finger of warning at her.   2. After knocking_______(polite) at the door, the applicant entered the office of the gener-al manager.   3. It’s much more________(benefit) to saysomething like,”I think we had…”   4. Team members want and think(high) of these qualities in a group leader.   5. It’s lightweight, it’s flexible, and-________important-it holds its shape.   6. Although it costs more to produce________a typical soccer ball, Jahnigen estimates the One World Football can last 30 years. So far, it’s been given to kids in 143 countries.   7.“That would be a very________(reason)thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like outs,”Nick said.   8.“But such a small thing couldn’t________(possible) destroy a village.”
  9. I like it. Nothing could be________(sweet).   10. A note is often a________way to“talk”with a child than using the telephone.   11. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is________(clean) than ev-er.   12. I cannot control my body well. My legs become________(pain)   13. It was________(bravery) of Mary to quit her job and start her own business.   14. Raymond’s parents wanted him to have________(good)possible education.   15. What was so________(impression)about Jasmine Westland' s victory was that she came first in the marathon bare-footed.   (三)短文填空。阅读下面材料,在空白处填人适当的内容 (1个单词 )或括号内单词的正确形式。   A   Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does l certain thing again, he is driven by an unseen force to do the same thing 2 (repeat); then a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed , it is difficult. and sometimes 3 (possible) to get rid of. It is therefore very 4 (importance) that we should pay great attention to the formation of the habits.   Children 5 form bad habits, some of which remain with them 6 long as they live. Laziness, lying, stealing and so on are all easily formed bad habits. However, there are many7 habits formed in early life that are of great help. Many 8 (success) men say much of their success has something to do with certain 9 (habit)in early life like early ris-ing and honesty. We should keep 10 from all the bad habits and try to form such goocl habits as will be good for ourselves and others.   B   This morning, my neighbor called me and asked me l (anxious): “Are your dogsmissing? ”   I was filled with 2 (nervous) and im- mediately made a phone call to my wife, and then I replied with relief, “No. They 3 (stay) at home.”My neighbor is a sweet, kind and gener- ous girl with 4 0ld- fashioned heart and spirit. She bakes cookies and shares them with neighbors. rroday she found two small dogs walk-ing down the street, so she brought them home.   I then suggested places 5 she could report the missing dogs.“Most people wouldn’t do anything about them,”I said,“Many cars and peo-ple passed by them this morning, ignoring them.You did the 6 (rightly)thing.”   1 went outside to look for someone who mightbe walking 7 the street, and I expected tohear the distant cry of someone calling the dogs”names. 8 no one did this.   If l were lost,1 would hope someone would come looking for me. If l were crying alone,I9 hope that someone would stop and wipe away my tears. Why 10 9ive a little love to dogs and other creatures?
  参考答案与解析:   (一)改错   1. seriously改成seriousoa verv serious prob-lem“一个很严重的问题”,修饰名词应用形容词serious。   2.去掉very。他如此喜欢它以致于他快速地走进商店。so…that…“如此……以致于……”。   3.well改成good。作表语用形容词,故well改成good。   4.easy改成easily。修饰动词see,应用副词easily。   5.reallly改成real。用形容词作前置定语,修饰名词friendship。   6 before改成agooago表示“从现在起的若干时间以前”意为“距今……以前”,需和过去时或过去进行时连用;before泛指“从过去起的若干时间以前”,意思是“距过去某时……以前”,常和完成时连用,这里谓语动词planted用的是过去式,故用ago。   7.somewhere改成everywhere。根据句意可知把somewhere(某地)改成everywhere(到处)。   8.taste改成tasty。放在are后面,应该用形容词。and是并列连词,连接前后两个形容词。   9.wonderfully改成wonderful;tomatoes是名词,应该用形容词修饰,副词常常修饰动词。   10. calmlv改成calm。remaln为系动词,后接形容词作表语。   11. helpfully改成helpful。考查形容词与副词。and并列的是两个形容词作are的表语。   12. immediate改成immediately。修饰动词jumped,应用副词immediately。   13. closely改成close。本句“how close thehouses are”中的close本应该是在系动词are的后面,构成系表结构are close。closely是一个副词,副词通常不能和系动词连用构成系表结构。   14.previous改成previously。本句中应该使用副词previously作状语,修饰谓语动词。形容词previous通常作为定语或者表语,不能作状语。   15. noise改成noisy。本句中应该使用形容词noisy和系动词was构成系表结构,修饰车里当时的情况。同时noisy与后面的形容词短语filled with构成并列关系。   (二)完成句子   1.sharply。根据句子结构可知应用sharp的副词形式sharply意为“严厉地,毫不客气地”。   2.politely。副词politely“礼貌地”,修饰动词knock。   3.beneficial。根据句意和句子结构可知,本空应填benefit的形容词形式beneficial。   4.highly。think highly of意为“高度赞扬”。   5.most。most important意为“最为重要的”。   6.than。前面有more,故填than。   7.reasonable。应用形容词修饰名词thing。   8.possibly。应用副词修饰谓语动词de-stroy。   9.sweeter。否定词nothing后加比较级sweeter表达肯定的最高级。   10. better。根据后面的than可知,空格处应填比较级。根据空格前冠词a判断,应填以辅音开头的形容词。根据句子的前后意思及逻辑关系,填good的比较级符合题意。   11. cleaner。根据后面的比较连词than可知,这里应该用比较级,故填cleaner。   12.painful。此处为形容词作表语构成系表结构。   13. brave。用形容词原形作表语。“It is+形容词+of sb to do sth”为固定句型。   14. the best。形容词最高级前加the是解题关键。   15. impressive。impressive是形容词,意为“印象深刻的”。   (三)短文填空   A   1.a。a certain表示“某一”,后接可数名词单数。   2.repeatedly。副词repeatedly修饰谓语动词do。   3.impossible。根据句意可知与difficult并列,只能用impossible。   4.important。作系动词IS的表语,应用形容词important。   5.often。孩子们经常养成坏习惯。   6.as。as long as意为“同……一样长”。   7.other。有许多在人生早期形成的其他习惯。   8.successful。作名词men的定语,应用形容词successful修饰。   9.habits。形容词certaln表示“某些”,其后接复数名词。   10. away。keep away from意为“摆脱”。   B   1.anxiously。根据下面提到的“Are your dogs missing?”可知“焦急地”问我。   2.nervousness。介词with后接名词,故填名词nervousness意为“紧张不安”。   3.are staying。根据语境可知现在正在家里,故用现在进行时。   4.an。根据句意及old-fashioned heart可知填an。   5.where。分析句子结构可知,这里是定语从句,且从句中缺少状语,故填Where。   6.right。形容词right“正确的”,作定语,修饰名词thing。   7. down/alongo walk down/along the street意为“沿着大街走”。   8.But。根据前后句意可知,前后意思表达相反,应用转折词But。   9.would。如果我正在单独的哭泣,我会希望有人停下来,给我擦干眼泪。   10.not。为什么不给狗和其他生物一点爱呢?Why not do sth.?意为“为什么不做某事?”
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