若mE=0,则E一定是可数集的势

一元二次方程ax^2+bx+c=0 a,b,c都是整数。
请证明:这个方程的根的集是可数集。
请详细解释一下,谢谢谢谢!
整数集是可数集,
所有的三元数组(a,,c)是三个可数集的笛卡尔积,也可数。
方程的根是(a,,c)*{1,2},还是可数的。
假设f(x,y)不恒等于0,则存在一点(x0,y0)∈D,使得f(x0,y0)&0。
由f(x,y)连续,存在(x0,y0)的一个邻域D1(D1包含于...
命题 方程:x^2+ax+b+1=0有自然数根,求证:a^2+b^2是合数。
根据韦达定理得:x1+x2=-a,x1*x2=b+1,所以有
若u属于M,则存在m、n、c属于整数,使得
u=12m+8n+4l=20n+16l+12(m-n-l)属于N.
故M包含于N.
若v属于N,则存在p,q...
先证(A∩B)'是A'∪B'的子集
设x属于(A∩B)',则x不属于A∩B,
x不属于A或x不属于B,即x属于A'或x属于B'
x属于A'∪B'
∴(A∩B)'...
解:f`(x)=e^(x^2)*2x*cosx-e^(x^2)*sinx
令f`(x)=0得:2x=tanx
所以f(x)在(0,+∞)内的全部极值点按从小到大...
答: 64n的平方10
初中物理北京奥运会场馆——国家游泳中心“水立方”外层膜结构气枕图片,该气枕的膜具...
答: 老师主动,多让学生背,思考,不学也得逼着,以后他们就知道对不对了
答: 计算科学是一门什么样的学科?
答:计算学科(通常也称作计算机科学与技术)作为现代技术的标志,已成为世界各国经济增长的主要动力。但如何认识这门学科,它究竟属于理科...
答: 对于那些有志于穷尽数学奥秘的学生,他总是循循善诱地予以启发和教育,而对于那些急功近利、在学习上不肯刻苦钻研的人,则毫不客气地予以批评
大家还关注
Copyright &
Corporation, All Rights Reserved
确定举报此问题
举报原因(必选):
广告或垃圾信息
激进时政或意识形态话题
不雅词句或人身攻击
侵犯他人隐私
其它违法和不良信息
报告,这不是个问题
报告原因(必选):
这不是个问题
这个问题分类似乎错了
这个不是我熟悉的地区实变函数证明 平面内 任何可数集的外测度都为0_百度知道
实变函数证明 平面内 任何可数集的外测度都为0
2^{n+1},an+ε/2^{n+1})故A的外测度&=Σ{n=1到∞}ε&#47设可数集A={an}, 则A⊆0, 任取ε&∪{n=1到∞}(an-ε&#47
采纳率:53%
来自团队:
为您推荐:
其他类似问题
实变函数的相关知识
换一换
回答问题,赢新手礼包
个人、企业类
违法有害信息,请在下方选择后提交
色情、暴力
我们会通过消息、邮箱等方式尽快将举报结果通知您。中学生英语学习常见错误一览表
我的图书馆
中学生英语学习常见错误一览表
中学生英语学习常见错误一览表 & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & & &&A?
[误]&I&think&it&is&an&useful&English&dictionary.?
[正]&I&think&it&is&a&useful&English&dictionary.?
[析]&在不定冠词a与an的用法中要注意的一点是:an用在以元音开头的词之前;而a则用在以辅音开头的词之前。要特别注意的是以u字母打头的单词,如useful,university等,其第一个音标是[j],所以要特别予以注意。?
[误]&I&need&a&hour&to&finish&this&letter.?
[正]&I&need&an&hour&to&finish&this&letter.?
[析]&要注意hour和honest的第一个字母不发音。?
[误]&My&teacher&is&a&unknown&man,&but&he&is&a&very&good&man.?
[正]&My&teacher&is&an&unknown&man,&but&he&is&a&very&good&man.?
[析]&要注意以u打头的单词,它的发音为[?]时,单数名词前要用an,如uncle等。
[误]&There&is&a&"f"&in&the&word&"football".?
[正]&There&is&an&"f"&in&the&word&"football".?
[析]&英文字母单独使用时,如其第一个发音是元音时,其前面的不定冠词应该用an而不是a.?
[误]&I&have&a&little&brother.&He&is&a&8?year?old&boy.?
[正]&I&have&a&little&brother.&He&is&an&8?year?old&boy.?
[析]&要注意这些字母的第一个发音为元音,如eight,&eleven等。
[误]&This&bike&is&able&to&be&repaired.?
[正]&This&bike&can&be&repaired.?
[析]&be&able&to&主要表达某事或某人具有某种能力去作某事,应译为"有本领"、"有能力"、"可以"作某事,如:I'm&able&to&swim&across&this&river.&而can可以用来表示具有接受能力或吸收能力。如:This&radio&can&be&repaired&here.?&
[误]&This&class&is&about&to&begin&just&now.?
[正]&This&class&is&about&to&begin.?
[析]&要注意be&about&to&是"将要"的意思,含有将来时之意,不要与表示过去时的时间状语连用。另外,be&about&to&一般用作书面语,对应的口语是be&going&to.
about、&on&?
about与on都可以作"关于"讲,但却有所不同,例如:This&book&is&about&physics.&应译为"这是一本关于物理学的科普读物。"而:This&book&is&on&physics.则应译为"这是一本物理学方面的专著。"?
[误]&The&temperature&is&five&degrees&over&zero.?
[正]&The&temperature&is&five&degrees&above&zero.?
[析]&表达"在……上方"时,above与over是可以互换的,如:The&sky&is&above(or&over)our&heads.&但是要表达在垂直方向上的上方时则应用above不可用over,如:The&sun&has&risen&above&the&horizon.?
[误]&There&is&often&thick&cloud&above&the&South&of&China&in&summer.?
[正]&There&is&often&thick&cloud&over&the&South&of&China&in&summer.?
[析]&当表达覆盖之意时,只可用over而不能用above.?
[误]&There&is&a&bridge&above&the&river.?
[正]&There&is&a&bridge&over&the&river.?
[析]&用来表达"从……上方越过"时不能用above只能用over,如:The&plane&flew&over&the&city.&但要注意There&is&waterfall&above&the&bridge.&则应译为"在桥的上游有一个瀑布。"?
[误]&He&ran&across&the&wood.?
[正]&He&ran&through&the&wood.?
[析]&across是指某一动作在一平面内进行,而through则是指该动作在一三维立体空间的运动过程。如:The&man&came&in&through&the&window.&He&walked&across&the&square.
across的主要用法有两个。其一,意为"对面",如:There&is&a&school&just&across&the&street.&其二,意为"横过",如:He&walked&across&the&street.?
[误]&I&dont't&afraid&of&him.?
[正]&I&am&not&afraid&of&him.?
[析]&要注意"害怕"afraid一词在英语中不是动词,而是形容词,要与be动词连用。?
[误]&Two&weeks&after&he&left.?
[正]&Two&weeks&later&he&left.?
[正]&He&left&after&two&weeks.?
[析]&要表达"在多少时间之后",英语中有两种表达法,即:用later时,要时间在前,如three&hours&&而用after时要时间在后,如after&three&hours.?
[误]&My&father&will&be&back&after&a&few&hours.?
[正]&My&father&will&be&back&in&a&few&hours.?
[析]&受中文的影响,这个介词常常被误用。当你要表达在一段时间内某个动作可以完成时,一定要用in,而不能用after,因为after是指在某一时间之后。例如:This&work&will&be&done&in&two&days.&即表明在两天内这一工作一定会做完。而如用了after,即表示在两天之后,完成的时间是不确定的。?
after&behind&?
after多用于表示顺序的前后,如:She&walked&in&the&line&after&Tom.&或用来表示"追赶",表示一种动态,如:He&ran&after&Mary.&而behind多用于强调先进与落后,如:She&is&much&behind&the&other&girls&in&sewing.&或者用于表达"迟于",如:The&train&was&ten&minutes&behind&the&time&table.&或者与表示静态的动词连用,如:She&hid&herself&behind&the&flowers.?
afternoon&?
[误]&He&worked&very&hard&in&a&hot&afternoon.?
[正]&He&worked&very&hard&on&a&hot&afternoon.?
[析]&习惯用的词组in&the&afternoon,&如果加入任何修饰词后其前面的介词in都要改为on,不论其修饰词在前还是在后,如:He&swam&in&this&river&on&the&afternoon&of&June&lst.&又如:Are&you&free&on&Sunday&afternoon??
[误]&He&against&me.?
[正]&He&is&against&me.?
[析]&要注意against意为"反对",但它在英文中却不是动词,而是介词,如要讲反对某事或某人时则要加动词be,&如:He&is&against&somebody/something.?
against&for&?
against意为"反对"、"不赞成";而for则意为"同意",为其反意词。如:Are&you&for&or&??against?&the&plan??
[误]&He&is&twenty&years&old&of&age.?
[正]&He&is&twenty.?
[正]&He&is&twenty&years&old.?
[正]&He&is&at&the&age&of&twenty.?
[误]&Tom's&father&has&been&dead&five&years&ago.?
[正]&Tom's&father&died&five&years&ago.?
[析]&ago意为由说话时算起,若干时间以前。它只能和一般动词过去时连用,而不要与完成时连用。?
[误]&Yesterday&I&met&a&friend.&We&didn't&see&each&other&for&a&long&time&since&we&left&the&college&twenty&years&ago.?
[正]&Yesterday&I&met&a&friend.&We&hadn't&seen&each&other&for&a&long&time&since&we&left&the&college&twenty&years&ago.?
[析]&要注意的是在本句是ago是用在由since引起的从句之中,只是从句应用过去时,但不影响主句的时态。?
[误]&Does&the&teacher&agree&to&us??
[正]&Does&the&teacher&agree&with&us??
[误]&Does&he&agree&with&our&plan??
[正]&Does&he&agree&with&us??
[析]&agree&with&指"同意某人的提议、建议、计划"等。如果要讲同意某项计划则要用agree&to,&如:Do&you&agree&to&the&plan??
[误]&The&old&man&has&two&sons.&All&of&them&are&workers.?
[正]&The&old&man&has&two&sons.&Both&of&them&are&workers.?
[析]&all是指三者或以上的全部,而both则是指"两者都"。?
[误]&The&all&children&are&playing&football&now.?
[正]&All&the&children&are&playing&football&now.?
[析]&all作修饰词时其位置要在所有的修饰词之前,不论这些修饰词是定冠词、指示代词、形容词或名词,或代词的所有格。?
[误]&You&all&are&right.?
[正]&You&are&all&right.?
[析]&all作同位语时其位置要置于be动词之后,实意动词之前,如:The&teachers&all&work&hard.&或用于第一助动词之后,如:The&boys&have&all&been&waiting&for&their&mothers.?
[误]&Nearly&nobody&thinks&he&is&right.?
[正]&Almost&nobody&thinks&he&is&right.?
[析]&nearly与almost是近意词,其含意差别不大,但是与否定词连用时要用almost,&例如:She&brought&almost&no&money&with&her.&此句中的almost不能用nearly替换。?
[误]&The&old&man&lived&lone&but&he&didn't&feel&lonely.?
[正]&The&old&man&lived&alone,&but&he&didn't&feel&lonely.?
[析]&alone,&lone,&lonely&三个词全具有"孤单、孤独"之意。但其用法不同:lone可以作定语,而alone则只能作表语,lonely则多指感情上与感觉上的孤独。?
[误]&We&are&already&for&the&work.?
[正]&We&are&all&ready&for&the&work.?
[析]&already&是副词,其意为"已经",如:He&already&knew&about&it.&而all&ready为形容词意为"准备好"。?
already&yet&?
already多用于肯定句中,例如:The&students&have&already&finished&the&work.&而yet则多用于疑问句与否定句中,如:Have&you&finished&it&yet?&I&haven't&finished&it&yet.?
[误]&I&didn't&find&the&dictionary&also.?
[正]&I&didn't&find&the&dictionary&either.?
[析]&作为"也"讲,在否定句中要用either而不能用also.?
also&too&?
also与too都可用在肯定句中表示"也",但also通常用于be动词或情态动词之后,如:I&can&also&do&it&myself.&而too一般放于句尾。I'll&attend&his&class,&too.?
[误]&Always&he&asked&himself&why&he&had&come&here.?
[正]&He&always&asked&himself&why&he&had&come&here.?
[析]&always一般不能用于句首,它在一般句中的位置是于动词之前第一助动词之后,如:I've&always&thought&he&is&honest.&又如:He&is&always&late.?
[误]&If&the&three&apples&are&divided&among&the&two&boys&how&much&will&each&receive?
[正]&If&the&three&apples&are&divided&among&the&three&boys&how&much&will&each&receive?
[析]&among常用于三个事物或人物之间,而between则多用于两者之间。?
[误]&This&is&an&useful&dictionary.?
[正]&This&is&a&useful&dictionary.?
[析]&详见a条。?
[误]&He&did&not&speak&loudly&and&clearly.?
[正]&He&did&not&speak&loudly&nor&clearly.?
[误]&Our&school&is&not&in&New&York&and&Chicago,&but&in&Boston.?
[正]&Our&school&is&not&in&New&York&or&Chicago,&but&in&Boston.?
[析]&"和"这一概念在肯定句中应用and,但在否定句中则要用or
[误]&My&mother&was&angry&to&me.?
[正]&My&mother&was&angry&with&me.?
[误]&He&was&angry&with&what&I&said.?
[正]&He&was&angry&at&what&I&said.?
[析]&要注意be&angry后面如果接人,表示"对某人生气不满"时应用be&angry&with&somebody.&但要接事物时要用be&angry&at&something.?
[误]&I&have&two&sisters,&one&in&America&and&another&in&English.?
[正]&I&have&two&sisters,&one&in&America&and&the&other&in&English.?
[析]&要注意英语中another,&other,&the&other,&the&others,&others的不同用法,现分别说明如下:another作形容词其意为:泛指的另一个或再一个,别的,类似的。一般在句中作定语,如:&This&is&not&good&enough,&please&show&me&another&one.&another还可以作为代词用,如:One&student&said:"I&want&to&play&baskball."another&said:"I&want&to&play&football."?other作形容词其意为"泛指其余的,别的"。如:I&have&other&books&besides&these.&又如:Ask&some&other&people&please.&the&other则为特指,作形容词时其后面可接单数或复数名词,如:She&has&two&flowers.&One&is&white,&the&other&one&is&yellow.&(特指,单数)又如:There&are&fifty&students&in&our&class,&twenty&five&are&boys,&the&other&students&are&girls.&(特指,复数)但当the&other作为代词时,它代表的可以是单数,也可以是复数,如:He&has&a&book&in&one&hand,&and&a&pen&in&the&other.&(单数)又如:There&are&some&people&in&the&room.&Four&are&girls,&the&other(复数)are&boys.&要注意的是当the&other作主语时,其后面的谓语动词要视具体情况而定,它可能是单数,也可能是复数。others则只能作代词,其意为other&ones即为:泛指某些,某一部分人或物,如:Each&of&us&must&think&of&others.&而the&others只能作为代词,它是特指某一些人或物,如:I&know&only&one&or&two&of&the&&the&others&are&unknown&to&me.
[误]&Someone&is&knocking&at&the&door.&Please&reply&the&door&bell.?
[正]&Someone&is&knocking&at&the&door,&Please&answer&the&door&bell.?
[析]&answer与reply是近意词,作为及物动词用时有时二者是可以互换的,如:The&student&answered/replied&that&he&wanted&to&watch&TV.&但在某些特定场合则不易互换。作为应答之意时则多用answer,如:You&should&answer&to&your&name.&Please&answer&my&letter&as&soon&as&possible.&Answer&my&question&in&English.?
[误]&Do&you&have&some&questions??
[正]&Do&you&have&any&questions??
[析]&some一般要用于肯定句,而any则用于否定句或疑问句。?
[误]&China&is&larger&than&any&other&countries&in&Asia.?
[正]&China&is&larger&than&any&other&country&in&Asia.?
[析]&要注意any&other&其后要跟单数名词,但any&of&the&other&其后要接复数名词。?China?&is&larger&than&any&of&the&other&countries&in&Asia.?
[误]&Here&are&some&&you&can&choose&anyone&of&these.?
[正]&Here&are&some&&you&can&choose&any&one&of&these.?
[析]&anyone只能指人,而any&one即可指人&也可以指物。?
[误]&The&nine&planets&go&around&of&the&sun.?
[正]&The&nine&planets&go&around&the&sun.?
[析]&around后面不要再加介词,如:The&sun&shines&all&around&us.?
around&round&?
作介词用的around与round通常可以互换,只不过美语常用around,而英语常用round,例如:You&can&see&the&post&office&round/around&that&corner.&(绕过那个弯你就可以看到邮局。但是一定要区别它们的不同之处:round可以用作形容词、副词、介词、动词、名词;而around只能用作副词或介词。例如:The&post&office&is&just&round&(around)&the&house&(用作介词).&He&has&round&face&(用作形容词).&The&river&rounded&the&stones.&(用作动词)?
[误]&I&arrived&Beijing&the&day&before&yesterday.?
[正]&I&arrived&in&Beijing&the&day&before&yesterday.?
[正]&I&reached&Beijing&the&day&before&yesterday.?
[误]&He&arrived&in&the&school&at&11∶00.?
[正]&He&arrived&at&the&school&at&11∶00.?
[析]&arrive为不及物动词,当到达的是较大的地理区域时用介词in,而到达较小的地方时则用at,&如:arrive&in&New&York,&arrive&at&the&village.?
arrive&reach&get&?
arrive如上所述是不及物动词,而reach则是及物动词。如:How&did&you&reach&the&school&this&morning?&而get可用作不及物动词,作"到达"讲时其后面多与to连用。如:When&did&you&get&to&New&York??
[误]&This&man&works&in&the&bank&for&a&manager.?
[正]&This&man&works&in&the&bank&as&a&manager.?
[析]&as与for有时是可以通用的。如:This&room&is&used&as&(for)&a&classroom.&但是用来指官衔、职位时只能用as.?
[误]&My&brother&is&so&taller&as&Tom.?
[正]&My&brother&is&as&tall&as&Tom.?
[析]&as…&as之间只能用形容词与副词的原级,而不能用比较级。在否定句中可以用so…as,也可以用as…as,但在肯定句中只能用as…as,如:He&is&not&so&tall&as&Tom.
[误]&I'll&give&him&the&note&as&soon&as&he&will&come.?
[正]&I'll&give&him&the&note&as&soon&as&he&comes.?
[析]&as&soon&as所引导的状语从句中应使用一般时态表示将来。?
[误]&The&student&asked&a&question&to&the&teacher.?
[正]&The&student&asked&the&teacher&a&question.?
[析]&ask应接双宾语,即ask&somebody&something.?
[误]&They&asked&some&books.?
[正]&They&asked&for&some&books.?
[析]&向某人要求某物时应用ask&somebody&for&something或ask&for&something&from&somebody,&如:He&asked&his&mother&for&some&money.&或He&asked&for&some&money&from&his&mother.?
[误]&He&is&deeply&asleep.?
[正]&He&is&fast&asleep.?
[析]&要讲"熟睡",就要用fast来修饰asleep。另外,&在英语中一般不讲somebody&is&sleeping而要用asleep。关于睡觉这一词的惯用法还有:go&to&sleep(如:The&old&man&usually&goes&to&sleep&at&ten.),&fall&asleep(如:I&fell&asleep&at&English&class&yes&terday.)?
[误]&It&will&really&do&you&no&harm&quite.?
[正]&It&will&really&do&you&no&harm&at&all.?
[析]&at&all和quite的汉语意思均为"全然"、"确定的",但at&all适用于否定句,例如:?&-I'm&sorry.&I'm&late.?
-No&trouble&at&all.&?
又如:I&don't&think&it&is&right&at&all.&而quite则适用于肯定句,例如:He&is&quite&a&good&teacher.?
[误]&The&children&play&football&for&lunch.?
[正]&The&children&play&football&at&lunch.?
[析]&英语中的at&lunch为"在吃午饭时"。这种惯用法还有at&work(在工作),at&table(在吃饭),at&desk(在学习)。而for&lunch则是为午饭而准备的食物,又如:We&had&some&milk&for&breakfast.?
[误]&There&is&a&post&office&in&the&corner&of&the&street.?
[正]&There&is&a&post&office&at&the&corner&of&the&street.?
[析]&at&the&corner是指墙外面的角,而in&the&corner是指建筑物内部的角落。例如:There&is&a&computer&in&the&corner&of&the&room.&There&is&a&street&lamp&at&the&corner&of&the&street.?
at&in&on&?
在表示时间时用来表示具体钟点用at,如:He&will&be&back&at&six.&表示一天的上、&下午时要用in,如:I&usually&get&up&at&six&in&the&morning.&但要注意的是,in&the&morning和in&the&afternoon这两个词组中如果加入了任何修饰词,其介词要换为on,&如:on&the&cold&morning,&on&the&hot&afternoon.又如:See&you&on&Monday&morning.&如讲到具体的某一天,要用on,&如:on&Sunday,&如:I&usually&want&to&visit&my&mother&on&Sundays.&在谈到周、月、季、年时要用in,如:All&the&children&will&be&happy&in&Easter&week.&He&was&born&in&July.&但要注意在泛指圣诞节、复活节、感恩节时都用at,&如:Where&are&you&going&at&Easter.?
[误]&I'm&sorry.&I&have&to&back&home.?
[正]&I'm&sorry.&I&have&to&go&back&home.?
[正]&I'm&sorry.&I&have&to&go&home.?
[析]&back用作"回到(某处)"之意,不是动词。?
[误]&Where&do&you&from??
[正]&Where&are&you&from??
[析]&"你从何处来"应为Where&are&you&from?或Where&do&you&come&from?&但要注意这两句话均是问对方从哪个国家来的。要是口语中问"你是从什么地方来?"应讲Where&did&you&come&from?&回答用I&came&from&the&library.?
[误]&We&have&won&your&class.?
[正]&We&have&beaten&your&class.?
[正]&We&have&won&the&game.?
[析]&win是胜过之意,它是及物动词,但其后的宾语只能接比赛、战争、奖品、奖金的名称,如:Which&team&won&the&football&match?&而beat指打败对手、敌人……如:My&brother&beat&me&at&poker.(要注意的是,beat的过去式与原形相同,而过去分词为beaten)。?
[误]&The&ball&beat&me&badly.?
[正]&The&ball&hit&me&badly.?
[误]&He&used&to&hit&the&little&boy&black&and&blue.?
[正]&He&used&to&beat&the&little&boy&black&and&blue.?
[析]&beat指打击多次,而hit则为击中对方的一次性打击。?
beautiful&?
[误]&He&is&a&beautiful&boy.?
[正]&He&is&a&handsome&boy.?
[析]&我们可以讲She&is&a&beautiful&girl.&This&is&a&beautiful&park.&但要讲男人的"英俊"时要用handsome.?
[误]&The&reason&why&I&was&late&is&because&I&was&ill.?
[正]&The&reason&why&I&was&late&is&that&I&was&ill.?
[误]&Because&it&was&Sunday,&so&the&park&was&crowded.?
[正]&Because&it&was&Sunday&the&park&was&crowded.?
[析]&这种错误是因为中文的习惯与英语的表述法不同,中文常讲我来晚了的原因是因为我病了,而英文中的第二个因为要用that代替。又因中文常讲因为……所以……,而英文中用了因为就不能再用所以了,同样用了"所以"也就不要再用"因为"一词。例如:Because&we&study&hard,&we&passed&the&exam&easily.&或者:We&study&hard&so&we&passed&the&exam&easily.?
because&because&of&?
because后要接从句,例如:We&like&physics&because&we&can&learn&a&lot&of&new&ideas.&而because&of后要接名词作介词宾语,如:He&is&not&at&school&because&of&the&illness.?
[误]&We&have&two&hours&to&kill&before&we&will&go&home.?
[正]&We&have&two&hours&to&kill&before&we&go&home.?
[析]&kill&time意为"消磨时光"。?
英语状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来的动作。如:If&it&rains&we&will&not&go&to&the&park.
[误]&I&did&this&work&two&days&before.?
[正]&I&did&this&work&two&days&ago.?
[析]&用ago组成的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词要用过去时,而before引起的时间状语其主句中的谓语动词多用完成时,如:I&has&done&this&work&a&few&days&before.?
before&long&long&before&?
before&long是"不久"之意,例如:I&shall&go&to&America&before&long.&而long&before则是"很久很久"之意,如:We&knew&this&teacher&long&before&we&saw&him.&(我们在看到这位老师之前很久就知道他了。)?
[误]&The&meeting&will&begin&from&Monday.?
[正]&The&meeting&will&begin&on&Monday.?
[误]&The&film&has&begun&for&ten&minutes.?
[正]&The&film&has&been&on&for&ten&minutes.?
[析]&begin是瞬间动词,所以它的完成时态不能接表示一段时间的状语,如:The&film&has&begun.&这句话是对的,即"电影已经开始"。但要讲已经开始10分钟了则要用has&been&on即"上演了10分钟"。?
begin&start&?
begin与start两词后面加不定式或动名词都可以,且意思并无区别,但在表达习惯时接动名词的用法较多,如:How&old&wern&you&when&you&first&started&learning&English?但这两个词的进行时态中则多用不定式,如:I&was&beginning&to&get&hungry.&但如果句子的主语是物而不是人,则多用不定式,如:The&ice&began&to&melt.&It&started&to&get&dark&before&we&got&to&school.&当动词是表达某种心理状态时,要用不定式,如:The&student&began&to&understand&his&mistakes.?
[误]&They&study&hard&in&the&class&from&the&beginning&to&the&end.?
[正]&They&study&hard&in&the&class&from&beginning&to&end.?
[析]&from&beginning&to&end是习惯用法,即自始至终,不要加冠词,但如单独使用则要加冠词,例如:At&the&beginning,the&teacher&gave&us&an&exam.?
[误]&He&missed&the&class&because&he&was&behind&the&time.?
[正]&He&missed&the&class&because&he&was&behind&time.?
[析]&behind&time一短语意为"晚了",而behind&the&times意为"落后于时代"。behind是介词同时又是副词,如Come&out&from&behind&the&door(介词).&He's&a&long&way&behind(副词).&He&fell&behind&with&his&classmates(副词).?
[误]&What's&that&below&the&chair.?
[正]&What's&that&under&the&chair.?
[析]&under意为"正下方",而below意为"比……低",或指"在下游"。如:There&is&a&fall&below&the&river.&(河的下游有一个瀑布。)其反义词为over,如:There&is&a&big&plane&flying&over&the&city.&但在"下面的例子"一表达语中则要用the&example&below,&而不要用under.?
[误]&The&students&stood&besides&the&teacher.?
[正]&The&students&stood&beside&the&teacher.?
[误]&I&study&English&beside&Chinese.?
[正]&I&study&English&besides&Chinese.?
[析]&beside意为"在……旁边",而besides是"除……以外(还如何)"。?
beside&by&near&?
beside意为"在……旁",如:There&is&a&tall&tree&beside&the&river.&by多指"倚、靠"、"沿着"之意,如:She&is&standing&by&the&window.&near多用来表示两地间距离不远,如:There&is&a&post&office&near&our&school.?
[误]&You&had&better&to&do&it&at&home.?
[正]&You&had&better&do&it&at&home.?
[误]&You&hadn't&better&wake&me&up&at&six.?
[正]&You&had&better&not&wake&me&up&at&six.?
[析]&had&better在肯定句中为"应该作某事",其后加不带to的不定式,而在否定句中应用had&better+not+动词原形。在简答语中had常省略为'd,如:You'd&better&not.&又如:
?Let's?&go&first.&No,&we'd&better&not.?
[误]&Among&the&two&trees&there&is&a&space&of&the&feet.?
[正]&Between&the&two&trees&there&is&a&space&of&the&feet.?
[析]&两者之间多用between,三者或三者以上之间则用among.?
[误]&You&must&choose&between&this&club&or&that&club.?
[正]&You&must&choose&between&this&club&and&that&club.?
[析]&在两个之间作出选择要用between…and…,而不能用between…or….?
[误]&There&was&a&big&rain&last&night.?
[正]&There&was&a&heavy&rain&last&night.?
[析]&大雨在英语中只能用a&heavy&rain而不要用a&big&rain.&?
[误]&He&is&a&bit&fool.&?
[正]&He&is&a&bit&of&a&fool.?
[析]&a&bit可以作程度副词,与a&little相同,但它用于名词前应用a&bit&of,&而用于形容词前则应用a&bit,如:I'm&a&bit&tired,&而其简答的否定句应为Not&a&bit,&(一点儿也不。)又如:?
-Do&you&mind&if&I&open&the&door??
-Not&a&bit.&?
[误]&The&children&became&black&after&swimming&in&the&sea.?
[正]&The&children&became&sunburned&after&swimming&in&the&sea.?
[析]&因太阳照晒而皮肤变黑,不应用black而应用sunburned,&sun&colour或dark.?
[误]&The&girl&has&black&eyes&and&black&
[正]&The&girl&has&dark&eyes&and&black&hair.?
[析]&英语中black&eyes的意思是被打得发青的眼睛。?
[误]&The&Europeans&like&red&tea.?
[正]&The&Europeans&like&black&tea.?
[析]&红茶在英文中应为black&tea.&这种惯用法还有:black&and&blue(鼻青脸肿,青一块紫一块);black?and?white(黑白电视片)。go&black意为"在失去知觉时眼前一片黑暗";look&black意为"情况不妙,前景暗淡"。如:After&the&fight&he&was&black&and&blue.On&TV,&I&like&colour&for&something&and&black?and?white&for&others.?
[误]&Going&to&bed&earlier&and&getting&up&earlier&is&good&for&your&body.?
[正]&Going&to&bed&earlier&and&getting&up&earlier&is&good&for&your&health.?
[析]&中文常讲对你身体有利,而英文中则讲对你健康有利。?
[误]&May&I&lend&some&books&from&the&library??
[正]&May&I&borrow&some&books&from&the&library??
[误]&How&long&can&I&borrow&it??
[正]&How&long&can&I&keep&it??
[析]&英语中有三个词都可译为"借",但意义各不相同如:"借入"是borrow,其常用句型结构是borrow&something&from&somebody,这是个瞬间性动词,不可与表示延续的时间状语连用。例如:The&students&want&to&borrow&some&books&from&the&library.&"借出"用lend,即借给别人东西。其常用句型是lend&somebody&something,&或lend&something&to&somebody.例如:Could&you&lend&us&your&dictionary?或Could&you&lend&your&dictionary&to&us?&它也是瞬间性动词,也不能与延续的时间状语连用。keep则是延续性动词,可以和表示长时间段的时间状语连用,也可与how&long等疑问词连用,如:You&can&keep&it&for&three&days.?
born&(bear的过去分词)?
[误]&I&born&in&Shanghai.?
[正]&I&was&born&in&Shanghai.?
[误]&He&was&born&from&Greek&parents.?
[正]&He&was&born&of&Greek&parents.?
[析]&"出身于……样的家庭"不要作from而要用of,例如:He&was&born&of&a&poor&family.&
[误]&They&both&are&students.?
[正]&They&are&both&students.?
[误]&They&refuse&both&to&answer&this&question.?&
[正]&They&both&refuse&to&answer&this&question.?
[析]&both作同位语时,一般要用在be动词之后实意动词之前。
[误]&I&know&his&both&parents.?
[正]&I&know&both&his&parents.?
[误]&The&both&brothers&were&students.?
[正]&Both&the&brothers&were&students.?
[正]&Both&brothers&were&students.?
[析]&当both与形容词性物主代词my,&his,&her等以及定冠词the连用时,都应将这些词置于both之后。另外,在与定冠词连用时the可以省略。?
[误]&Both&of&my&parents&are&not&at&home.?
[正]&Neither&of&my&parents&are&at&home.?
[误]&Both&of&your&answers&are&not&right.?
[正]&Neither&of&your&answers&is&right.?
[正]&Both&your&answers&are&wrong.?
[析]&both不能用于否定句中作主语。表示"两者都不"时要用但作宾语时both与either则都对,但要注意句意有所不同。例如:I&cannot&give&both&of&the&books&to&you.&(我不能将两本书全给你。)而I&cannot&give&either&of&the&books&to&you.&(两本书中哪本书也不能给你。)?
[误]&Please&bring&this&dictionary&to&Mr&Brown.?
[正]&Please&take&this&dictionary&to&Mr&Brown.?
[误]&Next&time,&please&take&your&little&sister&here.?
[正]&Next&time,&please&bring&your&little&sister&here.?
[析]&英语中bring是"带来",而take是"带走"。还有一个词fetch,&表示"到某处去把某物取、接回来"。如:Please&fetch&the&doctor&at&once.?
business&?
[误]&My&father&went&to&Shanghai&for&business.?
[正]&My&father&went&to&Shanghai&on&business.?
[析]&on&business出差?
[误]&The&students&were&very&busy&to&prepare&for&the&exam.?
[正]&The&students&were&very&busy&preparing&for&the&exam.?
[析]&be&busy&doing&something为"忙于作某事"?
[误]&The&students&were&busy&for&the&exam.?
[正]&The&students&were&busy&with&the&exam.?
[析]&busy直接接名词时应用with.?
[误]&He&couldn't&help&but&realizing&that&he&was&wrong.?
[正]&He&couldn't&help&but&realize&that&he&was&wrong.?
[误]&She&couldn't&help&to&cry&when&she&saw&her&mother.?
[正]&She&couldn't&help&crying&when&she&saw&her&mother.?
[析]&couldn't&help其后应接动名词,表示情不自禁的动作,但couldn't&help&but后面要加动词原形即省to的不定式,所以前一句应译为"他才真正认识到他错了。"
[误]&I&have&bought&this&dictionary&for&three&years.?
[正]&I&have&had&this&dictionary&for&three&years.?
[析]&buy是截止性(即瞬间)动词,它可以有完成时,如:I&have&bought&this&dictionary.&但是不能与表示较长的时间状语连用。如要讲我这本字典已买了3年了则要用have&had这一结构即我拥有这本字典已3年了。?
[误]&The&boy&shot&the&cat&by&a&gun.?
[正]&The&boy&shot&the&cat&with&a&gun.?
[误]&He&came&to&school&by&a&taxi&this&morning.?
[正]&He&came&to&school&by&taxi&this&morning.?
[析]&作为某种运输手段来讲,by与名词间不能有冠词,如:by&car,&by&bike,&by&air等。如有了冠词或其他修饰词,则应用别的相应的介词,如:"我们今天早上是乘他的车来的"一句应译为:We&came&here&in&his&car&this&morning.?与by结合而成的词组很多,常用的有:by&the&way顺便说说;by&hand手工制作;by&oneself独自地;by&no&means决不。?
[误]&I'll&call&at&Mr&Brown.?
[正]&I'll&call&on&Mr&Brown.?
[误]&I'll&call&on&Mr&Brown's&home.?
[正]&I'll&call&at&Mr&Brown's&home.?
[析]&作"拜访"讲时,at后面接访问地点,而on后面接访问的人。&
?&call&on&drop&in&visit&?
call&on比较正式的为公务的访问,如:We&were&called&on&by&the&old&students.&而drop&in则是比较随便的走走,顺便拜访,如:If&you're&free,&drop&in.&而visit则是更正式的外交访问或友好往来,如:My&school's&headmaster&will&visit&America&next&week.?
[误]&A&blind&man&can&not&judge&colours.?
[正]&A&blind&man&cannot&judge&colours.?
[误]&I&cann't&call&for&you&at&ten.?
[正]&I&can't&call&for&you&at&ten.?
[析]&can的否定形式应为cannot或can't.?
[误]&It's&only&six&o'clock.&That&mustn't&be&the&postman.?
[正]&It's&only&six&o'clock.&That&can't&be&the&postman.?
[析]&must用来表示一种肯定的推断,如:She&must&have&some&problems.&She&keeps&crying.&但在否定句中则要用can't,&要表示对过去的推测则要用"must+have+过去分词"的表达法,如:The&lights&have&gone&out.A&fuse&must&have&blown.而对过去的否定推测则多用"?can't?+have+过去分词",如:I&don't&think&he&can&have&heard&you.&Call&again.?
[误]&We&could&not&help&to&laugh&at&once.?
[正]&We&could&not&help&laughing&at&once.?
[正]&We&could&not&help&but&laugh&at&once.?
[析]&"couldn't&help+动名词"表示禁不住做了某事。但could&not&help&but与could&not&but后面要加不带to的不定式,意思都是不得不去做某事.如:You&could&not&(help)&but&respect&him.?
can&be&able&to&?
can与be&able&to都可以用来表示能力,但can只有现在时与过去时,be&able&to则可用任何时态,如:He&will&be&able&to&teach&the&child.&但要表示经过努力而达到的一次性动作则只能用be&able&to,如:He&finally&was&able&to&jump&over&2?10&meters.&或:The&plane&was&able&to&fly&over&the&mountain.&但要注意的是这两个词都没有进行时态,而be&able&to后面不接不定式的被动态。?
can&could&?
can与could都可以用在现在时的口语中,只是用could更为礼貌,语气更委婉。如:Could&you&tell&us&a&story?&
[误]&I&don't&care&coffee.?
[正]&I&don't&care&for&coffee.?
[误]&Take&care&for&your&steps.?
[正]&Take&care&of&your&steps.?
[析]&care&for是"对某物感兴趣",而care&of是"关心,要当心某事",如:She&didn't&care&for&him.&Take&care&of&what&you&are&doing.?
[误]&I&don't&care&where&we&will&go&if&it&doesn't&rain.?
[正]&I&don't&care&where&we&go&if&it&doesn't&rain.?
[析]&在it&doesn't&matter,&I&don't&care,&I&don't&mind,&及in&case引出的状语从句后面要用现在时表示将来。如:I've&got&a&football&in&case&we&have&time&for&a&game.?
[误]&I&want&to&change&my&camera&with&that&one.?
[正]&I&want&to&change&my&camera&for&that&one.?
[析]&change&for为"以某物为交换物"。而change&with则是"随……而变",如:The&wood's&colour&changed&with&the&season.?
[误]&A&teacher's&salary&is&generally&very&cheap.?
[正]&A&teacher's&salary&is&generally&very&low.?
[析]&工资的高低要用low,cheap是指价格便宜,如果要讲物美价廉则要用not&expensive,&如:This&car&is&not&expensive.?
[误]&We&each&had&to&have&a&choose&of&A&or&B.?
[正]&We&each&had&to&have&a&choice&of&A&or&B.?
[析]&choice是名词,而choose是动词。?
[误]&The&class&is&watching&TV.?
[正]&The&class&are&watching&TV.?
[析]&class作主语时,如果作为整体讲则应用单数形式的谓语动词,如:The&class&was&more&than&forty&in&number.&如考虑到具体的每个成员时则应用复数形式的谓语动词,如:The&class&are,&in&general,&very&bright.?
[误]&Sorry,&I&didn't&bought&it&here.&I&cleanly&forgot.?
[正]&Sorry,&I&didn't&bought&it&here.&I&clean&forgot.?
[析]&clean可以作为副词讲,其意为"完全",而cleanly则意为"正确地"、"干净利落地",如:The&knife&doesn't&cut&cleanly.&而clean作为形容词讲时意为"清洁的"、"干净的",如:Her&face&is&not&clean&now.?
[误]&I'm&not&clever&in&English.?
[正]&I'm&not&clever&at&English.?
[析]&clever&at是固定搭配,表示在某方面有特长。?
[误]&It&is&cold&outside.&Please&keep&the&door&close.?
[正]&It&is&cold&outside.&Please&keep&the&door&closed.?
[析]&这里的close是动词,意为"关闭",而keep后要加形容词,所以要用close的过去分词形式closed作形容词。作形容词用的close意为"近的"、"亲密的"。?
[误]&Come&closely&so&that&I&can&see&you.?
[正]&Come&close&so&that&I&can&see&you.?
[误]&Good&teaching&and&good&testing&are&close&related.?
[正]&Good&teaching&and&good&testing&are&closely&related.?
[析]&close,closely同样可以作副词用,但其意义不同,close是"靠近"、"接近"之意,而closely则是"紧密"、"严密"、"密切"之意。?
[误]&My&school&was&quite&close&from&my&home.?
[正]&My&school&was&quite&close&to&my&home.?
[析]&"与……接近"是close&to…,例如:?
He&was&close&to&fifty.?
There&is&a&bus?stop&close&to&the&station.?
close&shut&turn&?
shut与close是同义词,如close&the&door或shut&the&door.&但要讲把某人关在门外时则只能用shut&somebody&out而不能用close,因shut语气较强,并含有隔离之意。而turn&off是指关上电视、电灯、煤气之类,有切断之意。?
[误]&The&children&wear&very&good&cloth&to&go&to&school.?
[正]&The&children&wear&very&good&clothes&to&go&to&school.?
[误]&I&need&a&lot&of&clothing.?
I'm&going&to&make&a&new&cloth.&?
[正]&I&need&a&lot&of&cloth.?
I'm&going&to&make&a&new&dress.&?
[析]&cloth是"布"、"布料",没有复数形式。一块布料是a&piece&of&cloth,&而clothes统指衣服,是复数名词,"一套衣服"要讲a&suit&of&clothes,&如果是"一件件衣服"应讲shirt,&dress,&sweater等。而clothing是衣物的总称,是不可数名词。例如:This&clothing&is&needed&in&warm&countries.Her&clothes&are&made&of&fine&cloth.?英语中的dress是指比较正式的服装,如a&school&dress(校服),a&student&dress(学生套装),a&working&dress(工作服)。?
[误]&Please&give&me&two&waters.?
[正]&Please&give&me&two&coffees.?
[正]&Please&give&me&two&cups&of&water.?
[析]&虽然coffee,&water,&tea等都是物质名词,但是只有coffee可用coffees取代若干杯coffee,而其他的却不行,其前要加a&cup&of或a&glass&of.?
colour(color)&?
[误]&Colours&of&flowers&are&red,&yellow&and&white.?
[正]&Flowers&are&red,&yellow&and&white.?
[析]&中文的"花的颜色有红色、黄色和白色",若译为英文Colours&of&flowers&are…,就显得重复了。?
[误]&I&like&green&colour.?
[正]&I&like&green.?
[正]&I&like&colour&green.?
[析]&colour&green中的colour是green的同位语,所以这种说话方式英语是可以接受的。?
[误]&I&came&across&with&an&old&friend&in&the&street&yesterday.?
[正]&I&came&across&an&old&friend&in&the&street&yesterday.?
[析]&come&across是"偶然碰见、遇见",要直接加宾语,如:I've&just&come&across&a&beautiful&poem&in&this&magazine.?
[误]&Where&do&you&come&from??
I&come&from&the&station.&?
[正]&Where&did&you&come&from??
I&came&from&the&station.&?
[正]&Where&do&you&come&from??
I&come&from&China.&?
[析]&Where&do&you&come&from?意为"你是什么地方的人?"?而Where&did&you&come&from?则是"你从何处来?"&?
[误]&The&stars&are&coming&out&from&the&cloud.?
[正]&The&stars&are&coming&out&of&the&cloud.?
[析]&come&out&of意为"从……地方出来"。?
come&in&come&into&enter&?
come&in与come&into的意义相同,但come&into后面要加宾语,而come&in后面不用宾语。如I&found&someone&came&into&my&room.&The&door&opened&and&the&child&came&in.?
enter常作为及物动词使用,如:The&bus&entered&the&English&tunnel.?
congratulate&?
[误]&I&want&to&congratulate&you&for&your&success&with&all&my&heart.?
[正]&I&want&to&congratulate&you&on&your&success&with&all&my&heart.?
[析]&动词congratulate&somebody&on&something是"向某人祝贺某事"。其名词congratulation在用时一般要用复数,如:I&offered&him&my&congratulations&on&his&success.
又如:Congratulations!?
[误]&My&father&is&a&good&cooker.?
[正]&My&father&is&a&good&cook.?
[析]&很多动词加上?er则变为执行该动作的一种人,如work?worker,teach?teacher.&但cook即是动词"做饭",同时名词也是"厨师"。而cooker则是"厨具"、"炊具"之意。如:I&will&cook&the&dinner.&I&bought&a&good&press&cooker(高压锅)。?
[误]&There&is&a&post&office&in&the&corner&of&the&street.?
[正]&There&is&a&post&office&at&the&corner&of&the&street.?
[误]&A&girl&sat&at&the&corner&of&the&room.?
[正]&A&girl&sat&in&the&corner&of&the&room.?
[析]&in&the&corner是在建筑物内部的角上,而at&the&corner是在外部的角上,如:There&is&a&big&tree&at&the&corner&of&the&building.?
[误]&I&cost&ten&dollars&for&the&book.?
[正]&I&spent&ten&dollars&on&the&book.?
[误]&I&cost&two&hours&to&do&my&homework.?
[正]&It&took&me&two&hours&to&do&my&homework.?
[析]&cost,&spend.&take都可以作"花费"讲,但用法不同。cost的用法是"something+cost+somebody+时间或金钱",如:The&book&cost&me&ten&dollars.&spend的用法是"somebody+spend+时间+(in)doing&something",如:I&spent&two&hours&(in)&writing&this&book.&或"somebody+spend+金钱+on&something",如:I&spend&two&dollars&on&this&book.&而take的用法则要用逻辑主语it:"It+takes+somebody+时间+to&do&something",&如:It&took&me&an&hour&to&clean&the&classroom.?
[误]&You&can&find&cows&in&a&country.?
[正]&You&can&find&cows&in&the&country.?
[析]&country即可作"国家"讲,也可作"农村"讲。当作"农村"讲时,一定要加定冠词,而且只有单数形式。例如:?
[误]&Farmers&live&in&the&countries.?
[正]&Farmers&live&in&the&country.?
[析]&但作为"国家"讲时则可有单、复数形式,例如:Japan&is&an&Asian&country.&Japan,&China,&and&India&are&Asian&countries.另外,country一般指的是地理概念上的国家,如:New&Zealand&is&an&agricultural&country.&而nation多指民族组成的国家,如:The&Chinese&nation(中华民族)。state多侧重于政权方面的区域、国家范围,如:the&state&farm(国营农场)。?
[误]&There&are&traffic&lights&at&the&cross.?
[正]&There&are&traffic&lights&at&the&crossing.?
[析]&cross作为名词讲时是十字架、十字形的东西,如:Red&Cross(红十字会)。?
[误]&The&little&boy&is&going&to&across&the&street.?
[正]&The&little&boy&is&going&to&cross&the&street.?
[析]&across是副词或介词,但不能作动词用。?
cross&pass&?
cross是指横过某地,如:He&crossed&the&square.&而pass则强调从某物体旁经过,如:I&mailed&some&letters&when&I&passed&the&post&office.?
[误]&The&room&soon&was&crowded&by&people.?
[正]&The&room&soon&was&crowded&with&people.?
[析]&crowded在这句话中应作为形容词,所以这句话不是被动语态而是系表结构,如:The&room&was&crowded&with&books.?
[误]&A&silver&glass&was&given&to&the&winner.?
[正]&A&silver&cup&was&given&to&the&winner.?
[误]&My&mother&was&looking&for&the&whisky&cup.?
[正]&My&mother&was&looking&for&the&whisky&glass.?
[析]&glass一般指由玻璃制成的器皿,而cup多指用陶瓷或金属制成的杯子,且cup尤其用在奖杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子,如我们讲I&drink&a&glass&of&wine&at&supper.&而不讲I&drink&a&cup&of&wine&at&supper.?D?
[误]&We'll&invite&you&and&your&wife&to&a&dance&party.?
[正]&We'll&invite&you&and&your&wife&to&a&dancing&party.?
[正]&We'll&invite&you&and&your&wife&to&a&dance.?
[正]&We'll&invite&you&and&your&wife&to&a&ball.(美语中常用ball作为舞会。)?
[误]&He&studied&ten&hours&a&date.?
[正]&He&studied&ten&hours&a&day.?
[析]&date是指具体日期。如问What's&the&date&today?&应回答具体日期:"October&1st&1998."而day是指1日(24小时)。如What&day&is&today?&问的是星期几,应回答"It's&Sunday."
[误]&Today's&date&is&January&first.&1998.?
[正]&Today's&date&is&January&1,&1998.?
[正]&Today's&date&is&January&1st,&1998.?
[析]&在日期书写中不要用序数词全写,而要用1st,&2nd,&3rd……如果一定要用序数词,其顺序应为:It&is&the&first&of&January.?
[误]&This&is&a&book&about&every&day&English.?
[正]&This&is&a&book&about&everyday&English.?
[正]&This&is&an&everyday&English&book.?
[误]&We&go&to&school&everyday.?
[正]&We&go&to&school&every&day.?
[析]&everyday是形容词,意为"日常的",而every&day则是"每天"、"天天"之意。?
[误]&My&father&has&died&for&ten&years.?
[正]&My&father&has&been&dead&for&ten&years.?
[析]&die是瞬间动词,它可以用于完成时,如:My&father&has&died.&但用于完成时不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。它也可以用于过去时,如:My&father&died&three&years&ago
[误]&We'll&always&remember&the&deads&who&were&killed&in&the&war.?
[正]&We'll&always&remember&the&dead&who&were&killed&in&the&war.?
[析]&形容词前如加定冠词表示一类人,如the&rich(富人),the&sick(病人),the&poor(穷人),其后的谓语动词要用复数,如:The&rich&are&not&always&happy.?
dead&deadly&?
dead在某些词组里是"完全"、"的确"的意思,如dead&right,&dead&tired,&dead&sure。而deadly则是"致命的",如:The&rich&man&had&many&deadly&enemies.&又如:Cancer&is&a&deadly&disease.&?
dead&died&?
dead是形容词,如:Mrs&Ginty&was&dead.&而died是动词die的过去式及过去分词,如:She&died&in&1960.但英语中如表达出对某人去世的伤感说法是pass&away,&如:My&father&passed&away,&this&morning.?
[误]&In&the&zoo,&there&are&many&deers.?
[正]&In&the&zoo,&there&are&many&deer.?
[析]&deer是单、复数同形的词,如:one&deer,two&deer,这样的名词还有fish,sheep等。但如果讲There&are&many&fishes&here.&这句话应译为"这里有许多种鱼类。"而不应译为"这里有很多鱼。"?
[误]&The&boy&sat&in&his&desk.?
[正]&The&boy&sat&at&his&desk.?
[析]&在课桌旁坐着应用介词at,&而at&desk&则应译为"在学习",at&table应译为"在吃饭"。?
[误]&In&South&Africa&many&people&died&from&cancer.?
[正]&In&South&Africa&many&people&died&of&cancer.?
[误]&The&old&man&died&of&overwork.?
[正]&The&old&man&died&from&overwork.?
[析]&死于疾病应用die&of,而死于某种外因事故则多用from.?
[误]&His&mother&is&died.?
[正]&His&mother&is&dead.?
[误]&The&old&woman&was&dead&at&the&age&of&seventy.?
[正]&The&old&woman&died&at&the&age&of&seventy.?
[析]&dead是形容词,而die是动词。形容词表示状态,动词则表示动作。?
[误]&He&died&in&a&traffic&accident.?
[正]&He&was&killed&in&a&traffic&accident.?
[析]&由于事故而造成的死亡一般用to&be&killed.?
[误]&When&the&doctor&came,the&old&man&had&already&died.?
[正]&When&the&doctor&came,the&old&man&was&already&dead.?
[正]&The&old&man&died&before&the&doctor&came.?
different&?
[误]&My&room&is&different&with&yours.?
[正]&My&room&is&different&from&yours.?
[误]&The&village&is&very&different&with&what&it&was.?
[正]&The&village&is&very&different&from&what&it&was.?
[析]&different&from是"与……不同"之意。?
difficult&?
[误]&English&is&very&difficult&to&be&learned.?
[正]&English&is&very&difficult&to&learn.?
[误]&He&learned&physics&is&difficult.?
[正]&It&is&very&difficult&for&him&to&learn&physics.?
[析]&要学习英语的表达法而不要生硬地按字去译中文。It&is&difficult&for&somebody&to&do&something.为"对于某人来说做某事很困难。"?
difficulty&?
[误]&There&was&little&difficulty&to&find&him.?
[正]&There&was&little&difficulty&in&finding&him.?
[析]&这种用法还有trouble,&即difficulty&(trouble)&in&doing&something.
[误]&When&did&you&have&the&supper??
[正]&When&did&you&have&supper??
[析]&英语中一日三餐前无冠词,例如:?
[误]&I&had&a&lunch&at&12&o'clock.?
[正]&I&had&lunch&at&12&o'clock.?
[析]&在某些特定场合,如指某次宴会,则要加冠词,如:The&dinner&was&given&in&honour&of&the&guest.?
[误]&My&father&bought&a&new&dress&for&himself&yesterday.?
[正]&My&father&bought&a&new&suit&for&himself&yesterday.?
[析]&一般来讲男套装用suit,女服则用dress;作男服的服装店是tailor&shop&(tailor's),&而做女装的服装店是dressmaker's.?
[误]&The&mother&dressed&the&clothes&on&her&child.?
[正]&The&mother&dressed&her&child.?
[析]&dress作及物动词当"穿衣服"讲时,其后不能接衣服而只能接人,如:The&boy&is&still&too&young&to&dress&himself.&但作为一种穿着打扮的状态时,则多用其过去分词作形容词,如:He&is&not&dressed&in&his&new&suit.或She&is&dressed&in&red.&词组dress&up是过节日时应服装整齐,如:They&dressed&up&for&the&holiday.&
dress&have&on&put&on&wear&?
要区别这几个动词需分清是表示动作的动词还是表示状态的动词。表示状态的动词是have&on和wear,如:He&has&on&a&white&coat.&He&was&wearing&heavy&shoes.&而put&on则表示穿衣的动作,如:Put&on&your&coat,it&is&cold&outside.而dress即可以作状态又可以作动作,作动作讲时其后面接人而不能接衣服,作穿着状态时则多用dressed的形式。如:I&saw&a&lady&dressed&in&red.&I&saw&a&girl&dressing&herself.?
[误]&The&students&fell&their&voice.?
[正]&The&students&dropped&their&voice.?
[析]&drop与fall都可以表示"落下、掉下"之意,有时可以互换,如:The&dictionary&fell&(dropped)&from&the&table.&但drop还可以作及物动词,而fall一般只能作不及物动词。?
[误]&I&shall&drop&in&you.?
[正]&I&shall&drop&in&on&you.?
[析]&drop&in是随便拜访某人,而其后要接人时应加介词on再加人称。?
[误]&During&I&was&sick,I&couldn't&eat&well.?
[正]&While&I&was&sick,I&couldn't&eat&well.?
[析]&during后不能接从句,而when和while后可接从句。?
[误]&I&have&been&studying&English&during&three&days.?
[正]&I&have&been&studying&English&for&three&days.?
[析]&during不能表达一个动作持续多长的时间,而只能表达在某段时间内某事件的发生。即带有由during引导的时间状语的句子只能用过去时,不能用完成时。?
[误]&Every&of&them&has&his&habit.?&
[正]&Each&of&them&has&his&habit.?
[析]&each可以作形容词,但也可作代词,而every只能作形容词。?
[误]&The&manager&comes&to&America&almost&each&month.?
[正]&The&manager&comes&to&America&almost&every&month.?
[析]&each与every都作形容词讲时,都有"每个"之意,但有不同。each多指个体,而every则多指整体。如:We&want&every&student&to&succeed.&each不同来表达总体概念,所以不能与almost,&nearly,&likely等词连用。?
[误]&We&each&has&a&book.?
[正]&We&each&have&a&book.?
[析]&each&作同位语时,其数应与其同位的名词相同,而each作主语时则应取其单数形式。&?&
each&other&one&another&?
each&other与one&another这两个词组的区别在很多语法书中强调each&other是两者之间,而one&another是多者之间,其实不然,如:All&students&must&care&for&each&other,&must&love&and&help&each&other.&事实上这两个词组是同义的,如果要讲有什么区别的话,当我们非常笼统地谈,而不特指什么人时,多用one&another.?
[误]&Could&you&come&here&more&early??
[正]&Could&you&come&here&earlier??
[析]&单音节和少数双音节副词的比较级和最高级要用?er和?est来作其结尾,如fast,&soon,&early,&hard,&long,&near等。?
[误]&What&on&the&earth&do&you&mean??
[正]&What&on&earth&do&you&mean??
[析]&on&earth这一词组在句中为的是加强语气,其意为"究竟"、"到底"。而作为"地球"讲时则要加定冠词,如:How&far&is&the&earth&from&the&moon.&而作为"泥土"讲时则为不可数名词,如:He&filled&the&pot&with&earth&and&wanted&to&plant&some&flowers.?
[误]&You&can&easy&imagine&my&surprise.?
[正]&You&can&easily&imagine&my&surprise.?
[析]&easy只在有限的词组中被用作副词,如take&it&easy&(不要紧张),go&easy,&stand&easy等。&例如:Easy&come,&easy&go.&(钱来的容易花的也快.&)Easier&said&than&done.&(说的容易做着难。)&?
[误]&Japan&is&on&the&east&of&China.?
[正]&Japan&is&to&the&east&of&China.?
[析]&在讲述地理位置时,有3个介词常用,它们是in,&on和to,&其中in表示处于所表达的范围之内,如:Shanghai&is&in&the&east&of&China.&on则表示双方接壤,如:North&Korea&is&on&the&northeast&of&China.&而表示互不相接的两部分时则用to,&如:Taiwan&is&to&the&east&of&Fujian.?
[误]&-I&don't&like&opera.
?-I&don't&like&too.&?
[正]&-I&don't&like&opera.
?-I&don't&like&either.&?
[析]&在否定句中用either表示"也",而在肯定句中用too表示"也"。?
[误]&Either&you&or&I&are&right.?
[正]&Either&you&or&I&am&right.?
[析]&这在语法书中被称作就近原则,即哪个主语离谓语动词近,则应采用与哪个主语相一致的谓语动词,相同用法的还有neither…nor…,not&only…but&also…,以及or在连接两个主语时。如:You&or&he&is&to&go&home.&The&others&will&have&to&stay&in&the&classroom.?
[误]&My&older&brother&has&gone&to&Shanghai.?
[正]&My&elder&brother&has&gone&to&Shanghai.?
[析]&在表示兄姐的长幼时应用elder表示"哥哥姐姐",如:my&elder&sister&姐姐,但表示岁数时则多用older,如:She&is&two&years&older&than&I.?
[误]&Are&these&seats&empty??
[正]&Are&these&seats&taken??
[析]&empty是指空洞的没有任何物体,如:The&house&was&empty,&其意思是没有任何家具或屋内无人。但座位是否有人坐应用take.?
[误]&My&sister&studied&English&language&very&well.?
[正]&My&sister&studied&the&English&language&very&well.?
[正]&My&sister&studied&English&very&well.?
[析]&在泛指某一种学科时,不应加冠词,如:I&like&history.但如特指某一门学科时则应加冠词,如:He&likes&the&history&of&America.?
[误]&I&enjoy&to&play&football.?
[正]&I&enjoy&playing&football.?
[析]&enjoy后要接动名词,而不接不定式。?
[误]&Did&you&enjoy&at&the&English&evening??
[正]&Did&you&enjoy&yourself&at&the&English&evening??
[误]&I'm&sorry.&You&are&not&studying&enough&carefully.?
[正]&I'm&sorry.&You&are&not&studying&carefully&enough.?
[析]&enough要用在形容词或副词之后。?
[误]&Do&you&have&enough&of&money??
[正]&Do&you&have&enough&money??
[正]&Do&you&have&enough&of&the&money??
[误]&The&coffee&isn't&enough.?
[正]&There&isn't&enough&coffee.?
[析]&enough可以作be动词的表语,但其主语应是代词,如:That's&enough.&It&was&?enough.?&如果是名词时应换用上面的句型。?
entrance&?
[误]&The&entrance&of&the&cinema&is&on&your&right.?
[正]&The&entrance&to&the&cinema&is&on&your&right.?
[析]&在表示通往某处时entrance后面多用to作介词。这样的用法还有key&to&the&door,&answer&to&the&question等。?
[误]&I&walked&home&in&a&cold&evening.?
[正]&I&walked&home&on&a&cold&evening.?
[析]&in&the&evening这一词组如加上另外的修饰词则其介词应换为on.?
everyone&?
[误]&Everyone&of&you&goes&to&class.?
[正]&Every&one&of&you&goes&to&class.?
[析]&everyone其后不能接of结构。在否定句中如果要讲"每一个人都没有注意到它",就译作:Nobody&noticed&it.&要注意Every&one&of&us&is&not&right.&应译为"我们不都对。"而None&of&us&are&right.&才应译为"我们全错了。"?
[误]&We&take&part&in&an&exam.?
[正]&We&take&an&exam.?
[析]&take&part&in为"参加"某种活动,运动,而在学科中选择某一学科学习并进行考试应用take.?
[误]&The&room&is&clean&except&two&desks.?
[正]&The&room&is&clean&except&for&two&desks.?
[误]&I&come&here&every&day&except&for&Sunday.?
[正]&I&come&here&every&day&except&Sunday.?
[析]&在同一类物体中排除某一部分用except,&在不同类物体中排除某一物体时用except&for。而except&that其后接从句,如:She&is&a&good&girl&except&that&she&is&careless&sometimes.&?而besides则是"包括在内",如"我学习英语同时还学法语。"应译为:I&study&English&besides&French.?
exercise&?
[误]&The&students&exercise&spoken&English&in&the&morning.?
[正]&The&students&practise&spoken&English&in&the&morning.?
[析]&exercise多指运动、训练,而practise则多指把理论付诸于实践的练习。?
[误]&Everyone&should&do&exercises&every&day.?
[正]&Everyone&should&do&exercise&every&day.?
[析]&作为运动讲exercise是不可数名词,而当"练习"、"体操"、"早操"则是可数名词,例如:I&do&a&lot&exercises&in&the&P.E.&class.?F?
[误]&Tom&failed&his&exam.?
[正]&Tom&failed&in&his&exam.?
[正]&Tom&failed&to&pass&the&exam.?
[析]&fail为不及物动词,其后可用in加名词,或直接接不定式。?
[误]&I'm&sorry&I&have&to&go.&Tom's&families&are&waiting&for&me.?
[误]&I'm&sorry&I&have&to&go.&Tom's&family&is&waiting&for&me.?
[正]&I'm&sorry&I&have&to&go.&Tom's&family&are&waiting&for&me.?
[析]&family是集合名词,把它当作整体看它是单数,如看作家庭中的每个成员则为复数。如:Your&family&are&very&kind&to&me.&My&family&is&very&large.?
[误]&My&school&is&ten&miles&far&from&here.?
[正]&My&school&is&ten&miles&away&from&here.?
[析]&far一般不与实际距离连用。?
[误]&"Did&you&walk&far?"
?"Yes,I&walked&far."&?
[正]&"Did&you&walk&far?"
?"Yes,&I&walked&a&long&way."&?
[析]&一般肯定句中不用far单独作状语,而用a&long&way.far组成的常用词组有:as&far&as.&①远至,一直到。如:He&walked&as&far&as&the&station.&②就……而言。如:As&far&as&he&was&concerned&these&books&were&very&good.&③只要。如:I&can&help&you&as&far&as&I&can.?&so&for到目前为止。例:He&is&very&well&so&far.?
farther&further&?
far有两个比较级,即farther和further,其意思略有不同:farther主要用于表示距离的远近,如:Milan&is&farther&away&than&Rome.&而further则是指"进一步的",如:Will&we&need&any&further&discussion&on&this&matter.?
[误]&A&fast&train&runs&fastly.?
[正]&A&fast&train&runs&fast.?
[析]&fast其形容词与副词形式相同。?
fast&soon&?
fast指行动本身的速度快,如:The&foreigner&speaks&too&fast.&而soon则多指两个动作之间间隔短,时间到来的迅速,如:She&will&come&soon.?
[误]&I&feel&badly&about&my&mistakes.?
[正]&I&feel&bad&about&my&mistakes.?
[析]&感观动词如feel,&smell等后面要接形容词而不是副词。feel&good是指某人精神好,而feel&well是指人身体状况良好。?
[误]&I&try&not&to&hurt&her&feeling.?
[正]&I&try&not&to&hurt&her&feelings.?
[析]&feeling在作"感情"讲时要用复数,而作"感觉"讲则要用单数。如:I&have&a&feeling&that&we&will&win&the&game.?
[误]&Few&of&them&is&very&good.?
[正]&Few&of&them&are&very&good.?
[析]&few意为"几乎没有",但要用复数谓语动词。如果讲有一些人应用a&few,&如:There&were&only&a&few&people&in&the&street.?
[误]&There&are&less&farms&than&there&used&to&be.?
[正]&There&are&fewer&farms&than&there&used&to&be.?
[析]&few的比较级为fewer,其后接可数名词;而little的&比较级为less,其后接不可数名词。?
[误]&He&is&a&famous&scientist&on&the&field&of&physics.?
[正]&He&is&a&famous&scientist&in&the&field&of&physics.?
[析]&in&the&field是"在田野上"或是"在某一学科领域内",而on&the&field则多指"在战场上"。如:He&lost&his&life&on&the&battle&field.?
[误]&She&filled&orange&into&my&glass.?
[正]&She&filled&my&glass&with&orange.?
[析]&表示要用某种物品装满某容器时要用fill&with词组,如:The&boy&ran&back&home&filled&with&joy.?
fill&full&?
fill是动词,但有及物与不及物两种用法,当表示"充满"之意时是不及物动词,应用fill&with,如:The&little&girl's&eyes&filled&with&tears.&而当表示"使……装满某物"时,是及物动词,如:He&filled&his&pocket&with&books.&而be&filled&with应看作系表结构,如:The&boy's&mother&was&filled&with&anger.&full是形容词,要用be&full&of这一词组,如:The&boy&was&full&of&joy.?
[误]&He&has&finded&his&lost&bike.?
[正]&He&has&found&his&lost&bike.?
[析]&find是不规则动词,其过去式和过去分词均是found。但found一词又意为"建立",它是规则动词,其过去式及过去分词均为founded.?
[误]&It&is&very&difficult&to&look&for&a&suitable&job.?
[正]&It&is&very&difficult&to&find&a&suitable&job.?
[析]&look&for为"寻找",而find是找到。寻找工作并不难,难的应是找到合适的工作。?
find&find&out&?
find&out意为"找出、算出、发现",如:I&have&found&out&how&to&do&it.&而find的主要侧重点在找到某物,如:I&find&my&book&under&the&desk.?
[误]&I&finished&to&read&that&book&last&night.?
[正]&I&finished&reading&that&book&last&night.?
[析]&英文中有些动词其后只能用动名词作宾语而不能用不定式作宾语,这样的动词在中考范围内有两个,即finish和enjoy。?
[误]&There's&no&smoke&without&a&fire.?
[正]&There's&no&smoke&without&fire.?
[析]&此句应译为中文"无风不起浪"。fire作为物质名词"火"讲时为不可数名词,而作为"炉火"、"火灾"讲则是可数名词,如:There&was&a&fire&in&the&next&street&last&month.&如要讲"着火了"要用be&on&fire,&如:The&factory&was&
[误]&The&man&fired&to&us.?
[正]&The&man&fired&at&us.?
[析]&fire&(on)&at均指"向某目标开火",at用于较小目标,而on用于较大目标。?
[误]&Is&this&your&firstly&visit&to&Beijing??
[正]&Is&this&your&first&visit&to&Beijing??
[析]&除了在强调第一、第二、第三等场合中有时还可见firstly一词外,这个词已不多见,而均被first取代。first还有"首先"、"首次"、"第一次"之意。
[误]&I&received&a&letter&which&ran&as&follow.?
[正]&I&received&a&letter&which&ran&as&follows.?
[析]&as&follows是惯用法,其意为"如下",不论在任何场合均要用follows.?
[误]&As&follows&are&his&arguments.?
[正]&The&following&are&his&arguments.?
[析]&as&follows主要用于句尾,而the&following则用于句首。?
[误]&Too&much&sweet&food,&such&as&cakes,&chocolates,pastry…may&increase&your&weight.?
[正]&Too&many&foods,&such&as&cakes,&chocolates,pastry…may&increase&your&weight.
[析]&food泛指食物时为不可数名词,如:There&is&no&food&for&supper.&而指一种种食物时则用作可数名词。?
[误]&There&is&a&five?feet?wide&bridge.?&
[正]&There&is&a&five?foot?wide&bridge.?&
[析]&用连字符组成的形容词中所有名词均要用单数形式。?
[误]&We&went&to&college&on&feet.?
[正]&We&went&to&college&on&foot.?
[析]&by后面加接交通工具时,不应加任何冠词,不要用名词的复数形式。如加了某些修饰词后,其前面的介词要作适当的改变,如:I&came&to&school&in&his&car&yesterday.&I&go&to&shool&on&a&train.?
[误]&I&wanted&to&go&to&the&pub&for&having&a&drink.?
[正]&I&wanted&to&go&to&the&pub&for&a&drink.?
[正]&I&wanted&to&go&to&the&pub&to&have&a&drink.?
[析]&用for表示目的时,其后面只能接名词,而不要接动名词。?
[误]&I&went&to&the&office&for&seeing&the&headmaster.?
[正]&I&went&to&the&office&to&see&the&headmaster.?
[析]&用不定式来表示动作的目的。?
[误]&I&will&leave&Beijing&to&Shanghai.?
[正]&I&will&leave&Beijing&for&Shanghai.?
[正]&I&will&leave&for&Shanghai.?
[析]&leave&for为一固定搭配,不要改动。?
[误]&I&bought&a&book&to&you.?
[正]&I&bought&a&book&for&you.?
[误]&He&is&a&friend&for&us.?
[正]&He&is&a&friend&to&us.?
[析]&在英文中"为"一词在泛指时用to,&在特指时要用for.?
[误]&This&food&is&good&to&us.?
[正]&This&food&is&good&for&us.?
[析]&词组be&good&(bad)&for&表示"对……有好(坏)处"。?
[误]&For&I&was&feeling&quite&hungry,&I&wanted&to&have&lunch.?
[正]&I&wanted&to&have&lunch,&for&I&was&feeling&quite&hungry.?
[析]&for作为"因为"讲时一般不要置于句首,而且口气也比because弱的多。?
[误]&I&left&my&key.?
[正]&I&left&my&key&at&home.?
[正]&I&forgot&my&key.?
[析]&leave是"丢下"之意,所以一定要接地点状语,而forget是"忘记",所以不用接地点状语。?
[误]&I&will&not&forget&the&rules.?
[正]&I&will&never&forget&the&rules.?
[误]&Please&don't&forget&posting&my&letter&on&your&way&home.?
[正]&Please&don't&forget&to&post&my&letter&on&your&way&home.?
[析]&要注意forget&to&do&something为"忘了去作某事",而forget&doing&something则应译为"对已经作过的事记不起来了"。如:He&forget&returning&the&book&to&the&library.&应译为"他忘记已把书还给图书馆这件事了。"同样用法的词还有remember和regret.?
[误]&You&can&speak&free&in&front&of&my&parents.?
[正]&You&can&speak&freely&in&front&of&my&parents.?
[析]&free作为副词时意为"免费"、"不必付款",如:You&can&eat&free&in&my&restaurant.&而freely则意为"自由地"、"无限制地"。?
[误]&She&comes&from&French.?
[正]&She&comes&from&France.?
[析]&French是"法语"、"法国的",而France才是"法国"。
[误]&He&nodded&to&me&friendly.?
[正]&He&nodded&to&me&in&a&friendly&fashion.?
[析]&friendly是形容词,不是副词。在英语中应避免讲He&is&a&friend&of&my&mother.&又比如:I&go&to&school&with&my&friend.&从语法上讲是对的但不是习惯上英语的说法。而应讲He&is&a&friend&of&my&mother's.&I&go&to&school&with&a&friend.&be&friends&with&则是"交朋友"之意,例如:I&hope&you&will&be&friends&with&me.&而不应讲I&hope&you&will&be&my&friend.&交朋友还有一惯用法是make&friends.?
[误]&Where&do&you&come&from??I&come&from&the&library.&?
[正]&Where&do&you&come&from??I&come&from&England.&?
[正]&Where&did&you&come&from??I&came&from&the&library.&?
[析]&Where&do&you&come&from?应意为"你是从什么国家(地方)来的?"(即意为"你是哪的人?")而Where&did&you&come&from?&才是"你刚刚从哪来?"?
[误]&There&are&three&tall&trees&in&the&front&of&my&house.?
[正]&There&are&three&tall&trees&in&front&of&my&house.?
[析]&in&front&of是某物体外部的前面,而in&the&front&of是在某物体内部的前面。如:The&bus&driver&is&seated&in&the&front&of&the&bus.?
[误]&He&went&to&America&to&take&part&in&the&Olympic&Game.?
[正]&He&went&to&America&to&take&part&in&the&Olympic&Games.?
[析]&game作为"运动会"讲时应用其复数形式,而具体一个游戏则可用其单数形式。如:Our&school&team&won&the&game.?&
[误]&They&are&Germen.?
[正]&They&are&Germans.?
[误]&She&comes&from&German.?
[正]&She&comes&from&Germany.?
[析]&German是"德国人"、"德国的"、"德语",其复数形式是Germans;而Germany才是德国。?
[误]&All&the&students&and&teachers&are&gathered&together&now.?
[正]&All&the&students&and&teachers&are&gathered&now.?
[析]&用了动词gather就不要再用together了。这句话还可以这样讲:All&the&students&and&teachers&got&together.?
[误]&She&gives&up&to&look&for&the&lost&bike.?
[正]&She&gives&up&looking&for&the&lost&bike.?
[析]&give&up意为"放弃",其后只接动名词作介词宾语,而不应接不定式。
[误]&His&parents&were&very&glad&for&his&success&in&business.?
[正]&His&parents&were&very&glad&of&his&success&in&business.?
[正]&His&parents&were&very&glad&to&know&his&success&in&business.?
[析]&"为……感到高兴"应是be&glad&of&something或be&glad&to&do&something.?
[误]&The&old&teacher&has&two&pair&of&big&glass.?
[正]&The&old&teacher&has&two&pairs&of&big&glasses.?
[析]&glass作为"眼镜"讲,应用复数形式,在英语中手套gloves&裤子pants,剪刀scissors均用复数形式。glass作"玻璃杯"讲时则可用单数形式或复数形式,如:I&want&two&glasses&of&milk.&而作为物质名词"玻璃"讲则要用作不可数名词,如:The&boy&broke&two&panes&of&glass.?
[误]&-Mary,&could&you&come&to&my&home&now??-Yes,&I'm&going.&?
[正]&-Mary,&could&you&come&to&my&home&now??
-Yes,&I'm&coming.&?
[析]&go是指离开说话人所在地,而come指的是朝向说话人的方向:如:Come&here!Can&I&come&and&help&you?但在口语中也有一些例外,如表示要参加到某人或者某件活动时常用come,&如:We&are&going&to&have&a&party&tonight.&Would&you&like&to&come&with&us??
gone&been&?
He&has&gone&to&Shanghai.&指此人已去上海不在此地了。?
He&has&been&to&Shanghai.&指此人去过上海现已回来了。?
[误]&She&brushed&her&gold&hair&carefully.?
[正]&She&brushed&her&golden&hair&carefully.?
[析]&gold作形容词指"金质的",如:a&gold&ring,&a&gold&coin,而golden是"金色的",如:golden&age(金色的时代),但"金鱼"例外,为gold&fish。
[误]&I've&been&waiting&for&good&twenty&minutes.?
[正]&I've&been&waiting&for&a&good&twenty&minutes.?
[析]&a&good之意为"足足"、"整整"之意。?
good&well&?
He&is&good.&应译为"他是个好人。"而He&is&well.&应译为"他身体不错。"I&feel&good.&即精神状态良好,而I&feel&well.即身体状况不错。?
[误]&This&food&is&very&good&to&you.?
[正]&This&food&is&very&good&for&you.?
[析]&be&good&for是"对……有利、有好处",而be&good&to是指"对待某人不错",如:Your&friend&is&very&good&to&me.?
[误]&-What&grade&are&you&in??-I'm&in&grade&1.&?
[正]&-What&grade&are&you&in??-I'm&in&Gread&1.&?
[析]&当泛指那一年级时grade的头一个字母小写,当有具体数字时则要大写。?H?
had&better&?
[误]&You&have&better&hurry.?
[正]&You&had&better&hurry.?
[析]&had&better只用过去时had,不要误用成现在时have。?
[误]&You&hadn't&better&worry.?
[正]&You&had&better&not&worry.?
[析]&had&better后面加不带to的不定式,其否定式是"had&better&not+动词原形"。?
[误]&I&had&driven&about&half&mile.?
[正]&I&had&driven&about&half&a&mile.?
[析]&"半小时"有两种讲法half&an&hour,&a&half&hour.&而"一个半小时"应讲an&hour&and&a&half或one&and&a&half&hours."半天"应讲half&a&day,"半镑"应讲half&a&pound.但要尽量避免使用half&a&year,而应用six&months;不用half&a&month,&而用two&weeks或fifteen&days.?
[误]&Half&us&could&go&to&the&park.?
[正]&Half&of&us&could&go&to&the&park.?
[析]&half用于名词前可用of结构也可不用of结构,但用于代词前则必须加of。如:More&than&half&(of)&my&classmates&are&boys.?
[误]&One&and&half&apples&are&left&on&the&table.?
[正]&One&and&half&apples&is&left&on&the&table.?
[析]&一个半one&and&half后面的名词要用复数,而句中的谓语动词却要用单数。?
[误]&Half&of&the&work&are&done.?
[正]&Half&of&the&work&is&done.?
[误]&Half&of&the&six&apples&is&red.?
[正]&Half&of&the&six&apples&are&red.?
[析]&"half&of+名词"这一结构后面的谓语动词应与of后面的名词相一致,如为不可数名词或可数名词单数,要用单数谓语动词;而复数名词后面要加与复数相对应的谓语动词。?
[误]&He&shook&hand&with&his&teacher.?
[正]&He&shook&hands&with&his&teacher.?
[析]&与某人握手要用shake&hands.&与hand有关的词组中有很多要用复数形式,如:change&hands&(转手、易手),in&the&hands&of&(由……控制),join&hands&(与人合作)。?
[误]&What&was&happened&to&you&last&month??
[正]&What&happened&to&you&last&month??
[误]&An&accident&was&happened&in&this&street&last&night.?
[正]&An&accident&happened&in&this&street&last&night.?
[析]&在英语中不及物动词没有被动态,作为"发生"讲的happen,take&place和break&out都不具有被动态。happen&to常用来表达一件偶然发生的事,如:If&you&happen&to&meet&my&sister&please&ask&her&to&call&me.?
[误]&I&have&to&study&hardly.?
[正]&I&have&to&study&hard.?
[析]&hard是形容词,如:a&hard&work,但它同时也是副词。hardly是hard的又一副词形式,但词意截然不同,意为"几乎不"。?
[误]&I&had&my&leg&broken&last&term,&so&I&couldn't&hardly&study&at&all.?
[正]&I&had&my&leg&broken&last&term&so&I&hardly&studied&at&all.?
[析]&hardly意为"否定",所以不要再加否定词语了,如果hardly用于句首则应采用倒装语序,如:Hardly&had&he&arrived&when&she&started&complaining.?
[误]&I&had&my&boy&do&his&homework&from&morning&till&noon.?
[正]&I&had&my&boy&doing&his&homework&from&morning&till&noon.?
[析]&用have&somebody&do&something还是doing&something要取决句子的意思和句中的时间状语。?
[误]&I&have&my&bike&to&repair.?
[正]&I&have&my&bike&repaired.?
[析]&have&something&done这一句型是让某事被别人去作,请看下面两句意义的不同:I&have&repaired&my&bike.&(我自己已修好了自行车。)而I&have&my&bike&repaired.(我把车推出去让别人修理了。)?
[误]&Could&you&give&me&some&money&if&you&have.?
[正]&Could&you&give&me&some&money&if&you&have&any.?
[析]&"如果你有的话"一句译为英文应加上any一词,如:I&want&some&books&if&there&is&any.?
headache&?
[误]&I've&got&headache.?
[正]&I've&got&a&headache.?
[析]&Headache是一个规则的可数名词,所以可以讲:My&mother&often&gets&headaches.&但是"牙痛"toothache,"肚子痛"stomache?ache等却都可以用作不可数名词,如:I've&got&toothache.&但也可用作可数名词。?
[误]&He&was&heard&sing&in&the&next&room.?
[正]&He&was&heard&to&sing&in&the&next&room.?
[析]&hear&somebody&do&something这一句式用于被动语态时要把原来省略的不定式to还原回来。而在hear&somebody&doing&something这一句式中则不会出现上述问题。如,主动态:I&heard&her&singing&in&the&next&room.&变为被动态时为:She&was&heard&singing&in&the&next&room.&这种用法还适用于see,&look,&observe,&watch,&notice,&listen&to等。?
hear&listen&to&?
hear一词为听见了什么,或听到什么,强调其结果;而listen&to则强调有意要听,听的倾向。如:I&want&to&listen&to&you,&but&I&hear&nothing.?
但词组hear&about&(of)则为"听说过"之意,如:I&heard&about&this.&(我听说过此事。)而hear&from则为"收到某人信件"之意:I&often&hear&from&my&girl&friend.?
[误]&Please&help&my&homework.?
[正]&Please&help&me&do&my&homework.?
[正]&Please&help&me&with&my&homework.?
[析]&help其句型是help&somebody&do&(to&do)&something.&意为"帮某人作某事",但在较古老的语法中不带to的不定式表示句子的主语参加这个动作,如:He&help&his&mother&cook&the&meal.&即"他和母亲一起作饭。"而He&help&me&to&do&my&homework.&则是"他指导我做作业"。但在现代英语中这个区别则往往被取消了。所以带to与不带to的不定式在句中意思相同,并无区别。?
[误]&When&I&read&the&play&I&can't&help&to&think&of&my&childhood.?
[正]&When&I&read&the&play&I&can't&help&thinking&of&my&childhood.?
[析]&can't&help&doing&something是"身不由己,情不自禁做某事"。?
[误]&Help&yourself&with&some&cakes.?
[正]&Help&yourself&to&some&cakes.?
[析]&中文中讲"你自己拿蛋糕吃",英文中要用help&somebody&to&something.?
[误]&Here&the&bus&comes!?
[正]&Here&comes&the&bus!?
[析]&副词在句首时一般要用倒装语序,即}

我要回帖

更多关于 无限可数集 的文章

更多推荐

版权声明:文章内容来源于网络,版权归原作者所有,如有侵权请点击这里与我们联系,我们将及时删除。

点击添加站长微信