英语一般过去时英语思维图和进行时有什么区别

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七年级英语时态汇总(一般现在时,一般过去时和现在进行时)
七年级英语时态汇总一般现在时【定 义】一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。 一般现在时表示现在经常反复发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性的动作。即描述我们日常生 活中的衣食住行等活动。 活中的衣食住行等活动。【用 法】(1)在实际应用中,一般现在时常与以下时间状语联用:always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month, once a week, on Sundays …… 例句:He usually plays football on Sundays. (2)没有时间状语,可以分以下四种类型: A.be 型 . 这一类型由 be 动词+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起构成 谓语,表示主语的个性、特征或状态。如: ①I am a student.(主语+be 动词+名词) ②They are hungry.(主语+be 动词+形容词) ③He is out.(主语+be 动词+副词) ④That pen is mine.(主语+be 动词+代词) ⑤I am fifteen.(主语+be 动词+数词) ⑥The bike is under the tree.(主语+be 动词+介词短语) B.do 型 . do 型由行为动词充当谓语,表示经常性或习惯性的动作,其构成为“主语 动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式 主语+动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式 主语 动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式”。如: ①I know it. C.there be 型 . there be 型句子表示“某地存在…”,其构成为“there be+主语 其他 主语+其他 主语 其他”,表示客观 ②He believes me.第 1 页 事实。用法遵循“就近原则 就近原则”,即主语是单数或并列主语中的第一个主语是单数,则 就近原则 用 there is;主语是复数或并列主语中的第一个主语是复数,则用 there are。如: (1)There is an eraser on the teacher's desk.(主语 an eraser 是单数) (2)There is an orange,five apples and eight bananas in the bag.(并列主语 中的第一个主语 an orange 是单数) D.情态动词型 . 情态动词型句子的构成为“主语 情态动词 动词原形 主语+情态动词 动词原形”,情态动词和动词原形一 主语 情态动词+动词原形 起构成谓语,表示说话人对所叙述的动作或状态的看法。如: ①He can speak a little English.(can speak) ②May I have a book, please?(may have)【结 构】主语+动词原形 宾语 即某人+某个动词+ 主语 动词原形+宾语 即某人+某个动词+其他。 动词原形肯定式 I work. You work. We work. They work. He(She, It) works. 疑问式 Do I work? Do you work? Do we work? Do they work? Does he(she,it) work? 否定式 I do not work. You do not work. We do not work. They do not work. He(She,It) does not work. 否定疑问式 Don’t I work? Don’t you work? Don’t we work? Don’t they work? Doesn’t he(she,it) work?否定形式: 否定形式:首先找句子中有没有 be 动词(is, am 或者 are)或情态动词(can), 如果有,只要在 be 动词或情态动词后面加上 not。如果句子中没有 be 动词 (is, am 或者 are)或情态动词(can)那么根据主语在后面加入 don’t(you, I 或者复数)或 doesn’t(第三人称单数)。一般疑问句: (is, am 或者 are) 或情态动词 (can) , 一般疑问句:首先找句子中有没有 be 动词 如果有,只要将 be 动词或情态动词提前,放到主语前面。注意:句中第一人称和第 2 页 第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有 be 动词(is, am 或者 are)或情态动词(can) 那么根据主语判断加入 do(you, I 或者复数)或 does(第三人称单数)。注意:句 中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问句 :首先分析划线部分的意思,确定用哪个疑问词(what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colors, what … doing, where … going, what … do),然后找句子中有没有 be 动词(is, am 或 者 are) 或情态动词 (can) ,如果有,只要将 be 动词或情态动词放到主语前面 (疑 问词的后面)。如果句子中没有 be 动词(is, am 或者 are)或情态动词(can) 那么根据主语判断加入 do(you, I 或者复数)或 does(第三人称单数)。注意:句 中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。【口 诀】当主语是第三人称单数时 肯定句 主语+动词三单+其他 否定句 主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句 Does+主语+动词原形+其他 肯定回答 Yes,主语+does 否定回答 No,主语+doesn't 特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+一般疑问句 当主语不是第三人称单数时 肯定句 主语+动词原形+其他 否定句 主语+don't+动词原形+其他 一般疑问句 Do+主语+动词原形+其他 用错结构全句都错,一定要注意。【第三人称单数变化规律】 第三人称单数变化规律 】情况 一般情况 构成方法 加 -s 读音 清辅音后读/s/ 浊辅 音和元音后读/z/ 读/iz/ 读/z/ 例词 swim-swims; help-helps;like-likes teach-teaches study-studies;fly-flies以 s,sh,ch,x 等结尾的词 以辅音字母+y 结尾的词加 -es 变 y 为 i 再加 es第 3 页 【练 习】一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 (Be 动词) 一般现在时中的 be 动词有四中形式: am is are be 其中:am 用于第一人称主语 I 之后,构成 I am…句型。 is 用于第三人称单数主语 she, he, it 或单个的人和物之后,构成 She/He/It is…句型。 are 用于第二人称 you 或复数主语 we, they 之后,构成 You/We/They are…句型。 be 为该动词的原形,用于情态动词 can, may, must…之后或用于祈使句中。 如:Be careful! 当心! 1. Jim __________(be) a hard-working student at school. 2. __________(be) Tom and Sam in the same class? 3. Your school life __________(be) very interesting. 4. There __________(be) a pen, two rulers and some books on the desk. 5. The boys __________(be) very friendly to me. 6. Maria __________(be not) from the U.S.A. 7. __________(be) there any trees and a pool in the yard? 8. I want to __________(be) a teacher. 9. Mr. Wang can’t __________(be) at home, because the lights are off. 10. Don’t __________(be) late for school again. 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 (情态动词) 情态动词有 can“能够,可以” may“可以” must 必须 should 应该+动词原形(不需变化)1. My mom can __________(cook) food well. 2. Must she __________(stay) at home now? 3. What can the boy __________(do) for his parents? 4. Tom can’t __________(sing) an English song. 5. He may __________(perform) ballet at Kangkang’s birthday party. 6. She should __________(help) her parents do some housework. 三、用所给词的适当形式填空。 (实义动词) 主语(第一,二人称或三人称复数) 主语(第三人称单数) 否定句中(don’t, doesn’t) + 疑问句中(Do, Does + 主语) + + 动词原形(不需变化) + 动词三人称单数形式(动词 s/es) 动词原形(不需变化) 动词原形(不需变化)1. Tom often __________(take) a talk after supper. 2. Tom and I usually __________(go) to school by bike. 3. Does Lin Tao __________(like) reading storybooks? 4. What classes do you __________(have) today? 5. How often does the girl __________(watch) TV? 6. Where do they __________(live) now? 7. Every year many people __________(lose) their lives in traffic accidents. 8. Sam doesn’t __________(get) up early in the morning. 9. Each of them __________(have) a nice schoolbag. 10. They each __________(sleep) late at night.第 4 页 四、句型转换。 (Be 动词) 否定句:直接在 be 动词之后加 not。 疑问句:将 be 动词提到主语之前。 1. She is in a blue dress.(变否定句) She __________ __________ a blue dress. 2. I am from Qijiang.(变一般疑问句) __________ __________ from Qijiang? 3. Are the storybooks very interesting?(否定回答) No, __________ __________. 4. His parents are both workers.(变一般疑问句) __________ his parents __________ workers? 5. There are some nice books on the shelf.(对划线部分提问) __________ __________ on the shelf? 五、句型转换。 (情态动词) 否定句:直接在情态动词之后加 not。 疑问句:将情态动词提到主语之前。 1. My mother may speak a little English.(变否定句) My mother __________ __________ speak a little English. 2. We should be careful when we cross the street.(变一般疑问句) __________ __________ be careful when we cross the street? 3. Must I finish my homework at once?(作肯定和否定回答) Yes, __________ __________. No, __________ __________. 4. Tom can recite a Chinese poem.(对划线部分提问) What __________ Tom __________? 六、句型转换。 (实义动词) 否定句:三人称单数主语 + doesn’t +还原动词 其他主语 + don’t + 动词 疑问句:Does + 三人称单数主语 + 还原动词? Do + 其他主语 + 动词? 1. They often play the piano loudly.(变否定句) They __________ often __________ the piano louldy. 2. Jim learns English well.(变一般疑问) __________ Jim __________ English well? 3. She likes Sichuan food very much.(对划线部分提问) What __________ she __________ very much? 4. Do the boys usually play football after school?(作肯定回答) Yes, __________ __________. 5. She usually does some cooking in the evening.(变否定句) She usually __________ __________ any cooking in the evening. 6. I want to do some shopping.(变一般疑问句) __________ you __________ to do any shopping? 7. Tom often wathes TV at night.(对划线部分提问) What __________ Tom often __________ at night? 8. They sometimes go swimming in the afternoon.(对划线部分提问) What __________ they sometimes __________ in the evening?第 5 页 一般过去时【定 义】一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生过了的动作或存在过的状态。即描述已经发生过了的事情。 般过去时表示过去某个时间发生过了的动作或存在过的状态。 描述已经发生过了的事情。 般过去时表示过去某个时间发生过了的动作或存在【用 法】A.be 型 . 这一类型由 be 动词(was 和 were)+名词、形容词、副词、代词、数词或介词短语等一起 构成谓语,表示主语以前或过去的个性、特征或状态。如: ①I was a student ten years ago.(主语+be 动词+名词) ②They were hungry just now.(主语+be 动词+形容词) ③The bike was under the tree yesterday.(主语+be 动词+介词短语) ④It was rainy last Sunday. ⑤They were very happy at Kangkang’s birthday party. B.情态动词型 . 情态动词型句子的构成为“主语 情态动词过去式 could+动词原形 主语+情态动词 动词原形”,情态动词过去式和动词原 主语 情态动词过去式 动词原形 形一起构成谓语,表示主语过去或曾经能做的事情。如: ①He could speak a little English last year.(could+speak) ②What could she do when he was ten. C.did 型 .did 型由行为动词过去式充当谓语,表示以前做过的某事,其构成为“主语 动词过去式动词 主语+动词过去式动词 主语 动词过去式动词”。如: ①I knew him when I was young. ②He believed me at that time .【结 构】主语+动词过去式+宾语 即某人+某个动词过去式 过去式+ 主语 动词过去式 宾语 即某人+某个动词过去式+其他。 动词过去式肯定式 I worked. You worked. We worked. They worked. He(She,It) worked. 疑问式 Did I work? Did you work? Did we work? Did they work? Did he(she,it) work? 否定式 I did not work. You did not work. We did not work. They did not work. He(She,It) did not work. 否定疑问式 Didn’t I work? Didn’t you work? Didn’t we work? Didn’t they work? Didn’t he(she,it) work?第 6 页 否定形式: 否定形式:首先找句子中有没有 be 动词(was 或者 were)或情态动词(could), 如果有,只要在 be 动词或情态动词后面加上 not。如果句子中没有 be 动词(was 或者 were)或情态动词(could)那么在后面加入 didn’t(无论主语是什么人称)。一般疑问句: (was 或者 were) 或情态动词 (could) , 一般疑问句:首先找句子中有没有 be 动词 如果有,只要将 be 动词或情态动词提前,放到主语前面。注意:句中第一人称和 第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有 be 动词(was 或者 were)或情态动词(could) 那么在主语之前加入 did。注意:句中第一人称和第二人称也要互换。特殊疑问句: 特殊疑问句 :首先分析划线部分的意思,确定用哪个疑问词(what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what … doing, where … going, what … do),然后找句子中有没有 be 动词(was 或者 were)或情态动词(could),如果有,只要将 be 动词或情态动词提前,放到主 语前面。注意:句中第一人称和第二人称要互换。如果句子中没有 be 动词(was 或者 were)或情态动词(could)那么在主语之前加入 did。注意:句中第一人称 和第二人称也要互换。构成形式】 【规则动词过去式构成形式 】 规则动词过去式 构成形式规则动词的过去式由“动词原形 规则动词的过去式由 动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有: 构成,具体变化有: 动词原形 构成 1. 直接在词尾加-ed。 如: want―wanted, work―worked, need―needed, clean―cleaned 2. 以不发音的 e 结尾的在词尾加-d。 如:like―liked, live―lived, use―used, move―moved 3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词, 先双写结尾的辅音字母, 再加-ed。 如:stop―stopped, trip―tripped 4. 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的动词,先把 y 变成 i,再加-ed。 如:study―studied, carry―carried, hurry―hurried, marry―married【不规则动词过去式】 规则动词过去式 】P 七?下 142。第 7 页 【口 诀】一般过去时并不难,表示过去动作、状态记心间。 动词要用过去式,时间状语句末站。 否定句很简单,didn’t 站在动词原形前,其它部分不要变。 一般疑问句也好变,did 放在句子前,主语、动词原形、其它部分依次站。 特殊疑问句也简单,疑问词加一般疑问句记心间。 最后一条请注意,动词过去式要牢记。【练 习】一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 (Be 动词) 一般过去时中的 be 动词有两种形式: was 和 were 其中:was 用于单数主语之后,构成 I/she/he/It was…句型。 were 用于复数主语和二人称 you 之后,构成 You/We/They were…句型。 1. I __________(be) a little girl at that time. 2. When __________(be) you born? 3. Maria __________(be) born in Cuba. 4. The weather yesterday __________(be) very cold. 5. They __________(be) very happy at Kangkang’s birthday party yesterday. 6. What __________(be) the date the day before yesterday? 7. __________(be) you at home a moment ago? 8. Where __________(be) your parents last Saturday? 9. My mother __________(be not) in Chongqing last month. 10. How __________(be) the weather this morning? 二、用所给词的适当形式填空。 (情态动词) 情态动词 can 的过去式为 could,无人称变化。 1. Jane __________(can) speak Chinese well when she was only five. 2. __________(can) they dance the disco last year? 3. I __________(can not) sleep well last night. 4. What __________(can) you do just now? 三、用所给词的适当形式填空。 (实义动词) 首先根据句中提供的时间短语确定是否该用过去式。 然后判断该动词是属于规则动词还是不规则动词。 规则动词直接加 ed,不规则动词则需强化记忆。 1. I __________(like) reading books before. But now I don’t. 2. She __________(watch) TV late yesterday evening. 3. We __________(clean) up our classroom a moment ago. 4. __________ they __________(have) any bread this morning? 5. What __________ you __________(do) the day before yesterday? 6. Tom __________(go) to visit the Great Wall last year. 7. Mr. Wang __________(sing) an English song just now. 8. __________ Lin Tao have a good time at the party last Sunday? 9. We __________(not porform) ballet yesterday. We __________(recite) a poem. 10. The wind yesterday __________(blow) strongly.第 8 页 四、句型转换。 (Be 动词) 否定句:直接在 was/were 后加 not。 疑问句:将 was/were 提到主语之前。 1. I was born in a small town.(变为一般疑问句) __________ you __________ in a small town? 2. Sam was a little boy at that time.(变为否定句) Sam __________ __________ little boy at that time. 3. His friends were in the library just now.(对划线部分提问) __________ __________ his friends just now? 4. Were they very happy yesterday?(作否定回答) No, __________ __________. 5. Was your brother born in Chongqing?(作肯定回答) Yes, __________ __________. 五、句型转换。 (情态动词) 肯定句:直接在 could 后加 not. 疑问句:将 could 提到主语之前。 1. I could sing English songs when I was five.(变一般疑问句) __________ you __________ English songs when you were five? 2. The boy could ride a bike last year.(变否定句) The boy __________ __________ a bike last year. 3. They could play a game yesterday.(对划线部分提问) What __________ they __________ yesterday? 4. Could your friends cook food last Sunday?(作肯定回答) Yes, __________ __________. 六、句型转换。 (实义动词) 否定句:didn’t + 还原动词 疑问句:Did + 主语 + 还原动词 1. I went to Sichuan with my friends during summer holidays.(变否定句) I __________ __________ to Sichuan with my friends during summer holidays. 2. She recited a poem at Kangkang’s birthday party.(变一般疑问句) __________ she __________ a poem at Kangkang’s birthday party? 3. They did their homework half an hour ago.(变否定句) They __________ __________ their homework half an hour ago. 4. Tom sang a song beautifully yesterday.(对划线部分提问) What __________ Tom __________ yesteray? 5. Jim took many pictures in winter holidays.(变一般疑问句) __________ Jim __________ many pictures in winter holidays? 6. Did the kid hurt himself just now?(做否定回答) No, __________ __________. 7. They knew the girl in blue well?(对划线部分提问) Who __________ they __________ well? 8. I forgot to close the door yesterday evening.(对划线部分提问) What __________ you __________ to do yesterday evening?第 9 页 现在(正在)进行时【定 义】现在(正在)进行时表示说话的瞬间正在进行或发生的事情。 现在(正在)进行时表示说话的瞬间正在进行或发生的事情。 时表示说话的瞬间正在进行或发生的事情 如:They are singing and dancing happily now . 他们正在高兴地唱歌跳舞。 She is showing her friend around the city . 她正在带一位朋友游览城市。【结 构】主语+ be(am / is / are)+动词的 主语 ( ) 动词的-ing 形式。 形式 动词的肯定式 I am working. You are working. We are working. They are working. He(She,It) isworking. 疑问式 Am I working? Are you working? Are we working? Are they working? Is he(she,it) working? 否定式 I am not work. You are not work. We are not work. They are not work. He(She,It) is not work.肯定句形式: 肯定句形式: 形式 I + am 动词 ing. + is 动词 ing. 如:I am reading (read) an interesting story book now. 如:Tom is reading (read) an interesting story book now.She/He/ItWe/You/They + are 动词 ing. 如: They are reading (read) an interesting story book now. 否定句形式: 否定句形式 : 直接在 be(am, is, are)之后加 not,其余照抄。 如: I am not reading ( not read) an interesting story book now.Tom isn’t reading ( not read) an interesting story book now. They aren’t reading ( not read) an interesting story book now.第 10 页 一般疑问句: 一般疑问句: 疑问句 直接将 be(am, is, are)提到主语之前,其余照抄。 如:Is Tom reading (read) an interesting story book now?Are they reading (read) an interesting story book now?特殊疑问句: 首先分析划线部分的意思 确定用哪个疑问词 , (what, where, who, when, 特殊疑问句: which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what … doing, where … going, what … do) ,然后再将原句变为一般疑问句形式 (即将 be 动词提到 主语之前,其余的不变) 。 如:What time is Tom reading(read) an interesting story book? Where are they taking(take) pictures?【动词 ing 的构成规律】情况 一般情况。 以不发音字母 e 结尾的动词 以重读闭音节结尾的动词 构成方法 加 -ing 先去 e,再加-ing 双写尾字母,再加-ing 例词 wash-washing; catch-catching; make-making; sit-sitting ride-riding; swim-swimming现在进行时的时间标志短语汇总: 现在进行时的时间标志短语汇总:现在(正在)进行时常与一些固定的时间短语搭配使用:① now“现在” “现在”如: Jim is playing soccer now.② right now= at the moment“此刻” “此刻”如:The monkeys are climbing up the trees at the momnet.看啊!听啊! ③ Look! Listen! “看啊!听啊! ”如:Look! Mr. Lee is working on the computer. Listen! The birds are sing in the tree. 问题的回答, ④ Where is…?问题的回答,暗指说话的时候。 问题的回答 暗指说话的时候。 如:―Where is your mom, Tom? ―Oh, she is cooking in the kitchen. 前面早就阐明是现在的短文中。 ⑤ 前面早就阐明是现在的短文中。第 11 页 【练 习】一、用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. My parents _______(watch)TV now. 2. Look. Three boys _______(run). 3. What _______ your mother _______(do)now? 4. _______ your dog _______ now?(sleep) 5. _______ you _______(listen)to music? Yes, I am. 6. Look, Miss Chen _______ football.(play) 7. Tom and his sister _______(wait)for you over there. 8. Now Class 3 and Class 4_______(have)a test. 9. Listen, someone _______(sing)in the classroom. 10. ――Where is Zhang Yan? ――She _______(talk)with her teacher in the teacher’s office. 11.The boy _______ _________ ( draw)a picture now. 12. Listen .Some girls ______ ________ ( sing)in the classroom . 13. My mother ______ _________ ( cut )some bread now. 14. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now? 15. Look . They ______ _______( have) an English lesson . 16.They ______ _____(not ,play) basketball now. 17.Look! the girls ______ _________(dance )in the classroom . 18.What is our grandmother doing? She ____ ____(watch) TV. 19. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____ _______(have)supper now (run) in the garden now. 20. The cats 二、句型转换。 1. Look! Lily is dancing.(改为一般疑问句) ________________________________________________ 2. Kate is looking for her watch.(改为否定句) ________________________________________________ 3. Mrs White is watching TV.(对划线部分提问) ________________________________________________ 4. I am doing homework.(改为否定句) ________________________________________________ 5. They are waiting for you at the library.(就划线部分提问) __________________________________________________根据中文提示完成句子: 三、根据中文提示完成句子: 1. 小花不是在写作业,她在画画。 Xiao Hua ______ ______ homework. She ______ ______ pictures. 2. 今天李老师穿着一件红色的连衣裙。 Miss Li ______ ______ a red dress today. 3. 你爷爷在看报纸吗? ______ your grandpa ______ the newspaper? 4. Tom 和 Jim 在做什么? ______ ______ Tom and Jim ______? 5. 他们是在打篮球还是在打排球? ______ they ______ basketball ______ volleyball?第 12 页
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