Synopsys.Hspice.F-2011.09 win 高精度电路仿真 - 最专业的行业软件网 - 常青藤软件吧
当前位置： →
Synopsys.Hspice.F-2011.09&win采用了最精确的、经过验证的集成电路器件模型库和先进的仿真和分析算法，提供了一个高精度的电路仿真环境。&随着集成电路的几何尺寸不断变小，对高精度电路仿真器的需求也更加迫切。现在的设计者需要一个可以精确预测IC设计的时序、功耗和功能的高精度仿真器。HSPICE为业界提供了最可信任的仿真器引擎和大量的器件模型。HSPICE模拟器引擎已经成功的应用于超过一百万个的设计中。HSPICE先进的电路模拟算法使得其收敛性大大优于其他工具。&　　●&为电路模拟提供了最高的精度&　　●&支持最精确、最广泛的业界标准和知识产权仿真模型&　　●&为广大芯片生产厂商、用户所支持，符合业界标准格式，所以HPSICE被易于采用&　　●&包括了大量的互联和信号完整性分析&　　●&支持大量单元特性的功能&　　●&提供对电路优化、对设计进行测定分析的功能::::::English&Description::::::Synopsys&Hspice&2009.09&Linux&is&the&industry&s&gold&standard&for&accurate&circuit&simulation&and&offers&foundry-certified&MOS&device&models&with&state-of-the-art&simulation&and&analysis&algorithms.&With&over&25&years&of&successful&design&tapeouts,&HSPICE&is&the&industry&s&most&trusted&and&comprehensive&circuit&simulator.Design&ChallengesAs&IC&geometries&continue&to&shrink,&the&need&for&an&accurate&circuit&simulator&is&critical.&Designers&require&a&highly&accurate&circuit&simulator&to&precisely&predict&the&timing,&power&consumption,&functionality,&and&yield&of&their&designs.&As&board&and&package&speeds&increase,&designers&need&to&employ&increasingly&accurate&signal&integrity&analysis.Key&Benefits[/b]&--&&&&&Accuracy&&&&&&&&&&&&Gold&standard&for&accurate&circuit&simulation.&&&&&&&&Extensive&model&support&of&the&most&accurate&and&expansive&set&of&industry-standard&and&proprietary&simulation&models.&&&&&&&&&&&&&Performance&&&&&&&&&&&&HSPICE&Just&Got&Faster&Again!&Synopsys&has&made&HSPICE&a&performance&leader.&&&&&&&&Run&post-layout&simulations&up&to&3X&faster&on&1&core&processors&and&up&to&6X&faster&on&4&core&processors&with&2008.03&HSPICE&&&&&&&&Significant&speed&up&for&cell&characterization&applications,&large&extracted&netlists,&signal&integrity,&and&65&nm&designs.&&&&&&&&&&&&Design&for&Yield&-&Process&Variability&and&Device&Reliability&Simulation&&&&&&&&&&&&Process&&&Interconnect&Variation&?Models&both&device&and&interconnect&variation&&&&&&&&Variation&Block&-&powerful&and&flexible&mechanism&for&defining&process&variation&effects.&&&&&&&&AC&&&DCMatch&-&efficient&statistical&simulation&for&local&parameter&mismatch&effects.&&&&&&&&Smart&Monte&Carlo&-&all-purpose&statistical&simulation&that&runs&several&times&faster&than&tradition&Monte&Carlo&techniques.&&&&&&&&MOSRA&device&reliability&analysis&?simulate&HCI&and&NBTI&device&aging&effects&&&&&&&&&&&&Board&and&Package&Design&Integrity&Analysis&&&&&&&&&&&&Enhanced&W-elements&and&S-parameters&to&model&signal&integrity&issues&and&support&SI&Analysis.&&&&&&&&Support&for&massive&500&port&S-parameters&&&&&&&&&&&&RF&and&High&Speed&Simulation&&&&&&&&&&&&Best&RF&Simulator&for&PLL&and&VCO&applications&&&&&&&&Most&Accurate&RF&Simulator&&&&&&&&Fastest&RF&Simulator&&&&&&&&High&Capacity&RF&Simulator,&10000+&transistors&with&both&Harmonic&Balance&and&Shooting&Newton&algorithms&&&&&&&&Comprehensive&solution&simulates&low&noise&amplifiers,&power&amplifiers,&filters,&AGC&circuits,&oscillators,&mixers,&multipliers,&modulators,&demodulators,&and&VCOs.&&&&&&&&
?上一软件：
?下一软件：
* 请一定升级到最新版才能正常解压本站提供的软件!
* 如果您发现下载链接错误，请点击谢谢！
* 站内提供的所有软件包含破解及注册码均是由网上搜集，若侵犯了你的版权利益，通知我们! 上传我的文档
 下载
 收藏
一线资深小学音乐教师，音乐教研组长，研究并擅长音乐教学和教育心理学，获得盘锦市优秀青年教师称号。
 下载此文档
正在努力加载中...
hspice quick reference - Synopsys
下载积分：1500
内容提示：hspice quick reference - Synopsys
文档格式：PDF|
浏览次数：7|
上传日期： 01:24:12|
文档星级：
全文阅读已结束，如果下载本文需要使用
 1500 积分
下载此文档
该用户还上传了这些文档
hspice quick reference - Synopsys
官方公共微信2.直流扫描分析：；在开始直流扫描分析之前，Hspice先做DCOP；解决的方法是：对于电压或电流变化太快，通过增加I；3.AC频率分析：；由于AC扫描是进行频率分析，一旦有了DCOP，A；4.瞬态分析：；瞬态分析先进行直流工作点的计算，将计算结果作为瞬；瞬态分析不收敛主要是由于快速的电压变化和模型的不；对瞬态分析，默认采用Trapezoidal算法，；六、
2.直流扫描分析：
在开始直流扫描分析之前，Hspice先做DC OP计算，引起直流扫描分析不收敛的原因可能是快速的电压或电流变化，模型的不连续。
解决的方法是：对于电压或电流变化太快，通过增加ITL2来保证收敛，.option ITL2是在直流扫描分析中在每一步允许迭代的次数，通过增加迭代次数，可以在电压或电流变化很快的点收敛。对于模型的不收敛，主要是由于MOS管线性区和饱和区之间的不连续，Newton-Raphson算法再不连续点处进行迭点计算产生震荡，可以通过增减仿真步长值或改变仿真初始值来保证收敛，如：.dc vin 0v 5v 0.1v的直流分析不收敛，可以改为.dc vin 0v 5v 0.2v增大步长值，.dc vin 0.01v 5.01v 0.1v改变仿真的范围。
3.AC频率分析：
由于AC扫描是进行频率分析，一旦有了DC OP，AC分析一般都会收敛，造成不收敛的原因主要是DC OP分析不收敛，解决的方法可以参看前面关于DC OP的分析。
4.瞬态分析：
瞬态分析先进行直流工作点的计算，将计算结果作为瞬态分析在T0时刻的初始值，再通过Newton-Raphson算法进行迭代计算，在迭代计算过程中时间步长值是动态变化的，.tran tstep中的步长值并不是仿真的步长值，只是打印输出仿真结果的时间间隔的值，可以通过调整.options lvltim imax imin来调整步长值。
瞬态分析不收敛主要是由于快速的电压变化和模型的不连续，对于快速的电压变化可以通过改变分析的步长值来保证收敛。对模型的不连续，可以通过设置CAPOP和ACM电容，对于给定的直流模型一般选择CAPOP=4，ACM=3，对于level 49，ACM=0。
对瞬态分析，默认采用Trapezoidal算法，精度比较高，但容易产生寄生振荡，采用GEAR算法作为滤波器可以滤去由于算法产生的振荡，具有更高的稳定性。
六、输入语句
对于.param语句，.param PARHIER=GLOBAL是默认的，使得参数可以按照Top-Down变化，.param PARHIER=LOCAL，可以是参数只在局部有效。
对于.measure语句，可以采用的模式有rise，fall，delay，average，rms，min，peak-to-peak，Find-When，微分和积分等。对Find-When语句，.measure &dc|tran|ac& result find val when out_val=val &optimization options&，对微分和积分语句，.measure &dc|tran|ac& result &deriv|integ& val &options&。
对于.ALTER语句，可以通过改变.ALTER来改变使用不同的库，其中.ALTER语句可以包
含element语句、.data、.lib、.del
lib、.include、.model、.nodeset、.ic、.op、.options、.param、.temp、.tf、.dc、.ac语句，不能包含.print、.plot、.graph或其他I/O语句，同时应该避免在.ALTER中增加分析语句。
七、统计分析仿真
主要是对器件和模型进行Monte Carlo分析，随机数的产生主要依赖Gaussian、Uniform、Limit分析，通过.param设置分布类型，将dc、ac、tran设置为Monte Carlo分析，用.measure输出分析结果，如：
.param tox=agauss(200,10,1)
.tran 20p 1n sweep MONTE=20
.model … tox=tox …
其中，对Gaussian分析.param ver=gauss(nom_val,rel_variation,sigma,mult)，
.param ver=agauss(nom_val,abs_variation,sigma,mult)，
对Uniform分析，.param ver=unif(nom_val,rel_variation,mult)，
.param ver=aunif(nom_val,abs_variation,mult)，
对Limit分析，.param ver=limit(nom_val,abs_variation)，如果你拼错Gauss或Uniform、Limit，不会产生警告，但不将产生分布。
Hspice 简明手册
Hspice是一个模拟电路仿真软件，在给定电路结构和元器件参数的条件下，它可以模拟和 计算电路的各种性能。用Hspice分析一个电路，首先要做到以下三点：
（1） 给定电路的结构（也就是电路连接关系）和元器件参数（指定元器件的参数库）；
（2） 确定分析电路特性所需的分析内容和分析类型（也就是加入激励源和设置分析类 型）；
（3） 定义电路的输出信息和变量。
Hspice规定了一系列输入，输出语句，用这些语句对电路仿真的标题，电路连接方式，组 成电路元器件的名称，参数，模型，以及分析类型，以及输出变量等进行描述。
一 Hspice输入文件的语句和格式
Hspice输入文件包括电路标题语句，电路描述语句，分析类型描述语句，输出描述语句， 注释语句，结束语句等六部分构成，以下逐一介绍：
1 电路的标题语句
电路的标题语句是输入文件的第一行，也成为标题行，必须设置。它是由任意字母和字
符串组成的说明语句，它在Hspice的title框中显示。
2 电路描述语句
电路描述语句由定义电路拓扑结构和元器件参数的元器件描述语句，模型描述语句和电 源语句等组成，其位置可以在标题语句和结束语句之间的任何地方。
（1） 电路元器件
Hspice 要求电路元器件名称必须以规定的字母开头，其后可以是任意数字或字母。除 了名称之外，还应指定该元器件所接节点编号和元件值。
电阻，电容，电感等无源元件描述方式如下：
R1 1 2 10k (表示节点1 与2 间有电阻R1,阻值为10k 欧)
C1 1 2 1pf (表示节点1 与2 间有电容C1,电容值为1pf)
L1 1 2 1mh (表示节点1 与2 间有电感L1,电感值为1mh)
半导体器件包括二极管，双极性晶体管，结形场效应晶体管，MOS 场效应晶体管等， 这些半导体器件的特性方程通常是非线性的，故也成为非线性有源元件。在电路CAD工具
进行电路仿真时，需要用等效的数学模型来描述这些器件。
（a） 二极管描述语句如下：
DXXXX N+ N- MNAME &AREA& &OFF& &IC=VD&
D 为元件名称，N+和N-分别为二极管的正负节点，MNAME 是模型名 ，后面为可选项： AREA 是面积因子，OFF时直流分析所加的初始条件，IC=VD 时瞬态分析的初始条件。 （b）双极型晶体管
QXXXX NC NB NE &NS& MNAME &AREA& &OFF& &IC=VBE,VCE&
Q 为元件名称，NC NB NE &NS&分别是集电极，基极，发射极和衬底的节点。缺省时， NS 结地。后面可选项与二极管的意义相同。
（c）结型场效应晶体管
JXXXX ND NG NS MNAME &AREA& &OFF& &IC=VDS,VGS&
J为元件名称，ND NG NS为漏，栅，源的节点，MNAME 是模型名 ，后面为可选项与 二极管的意义相同。
（d）MOS 场效应晶体管
MXXXX ND NG NS NB MNAME &L=VAL& &W=VAL&
M为元件名称，ND,NG,NS,NB 分别是漏，栅，源和衬底节点。MNAME 是模型名，L沟道
长，M为沟道宽。
（2） 元器件模型
许多元器件都需用模型语句来定义其参数值。模型语句不同于元器件描述语句，它是 以“.”开头的点语句，由关键字.MODEL,模型名称，模型类型和一组参数组成。 电阻，电 容，二极管，MOS 管，双极管都可设置模型语句。这里我们仅介绍MOS 管的模型语句， 其他的可参考Hspice帮助手册。
MOS 场效应晶体管模型
MOS 场效应晶体管是集成电路中常用的器件，在Hspice 有20 余种模型，模型参数有 40DD60 个，大多是工艺参数。例如一种MOS 模型如下：
.MODEL NSS NMOS LEVEL=3 RSH=0 TOX=275E-10 LD=.1E-6 XJ=.14E-6
+ CJ=1.6E-4 CJSW=1.8E-10 UO=550 VTO=1.022 CGSO=1.3E-10
+ CGDO=1.3E-10 NSUB=4E15 NFS=1E10
+ VMAX=12E4 PB=.7 MJ=.5 MJSW=.3 THETA=.06 KAPPA=.4 ETA=.14
.MODEL PSS PMOS LEVEL=3 RSH=0 TOX=275E-10 LD=.3E-6 XJ=.42E-6
+ CJ=7.7E-4 CJSW=5.4E-10 UO=180 VTO=-1.046 CGSO=4E-10
+ CGDO=4E-10 TPG=-1 NSUB=7E15 NFS=1E10
+ VMAX=12E4 PB=.7 MJ=.5 MJSW=.3 ETA=.06 THETA=.03 KAPPA=.4
上面：.MODEL为模型定义关键字.
NSS 为模型名，NMOS为模型类型，LEVEL=3 表示半经验短沟道模型，后面RSH=0 等等为工艺参数。
（3） 电路的输入激励和源
Hspice中的激励源分为独立源和受控源两种，这里我们仅简单介绍独立源。独立源有独 立电压源和独立电流源两种，分别用V 和I 表示。他们又分为直流源，交流小信号源和瞬 态源，可以组合在一起使用。
（a）直流源
VXXXX N+ N- DC VALUE
IXXXX N+ N- DC VALUE
例如：VCC 1 0 DC 5v （表示节点1,0 间加电压5v）
（b）交流小信号源
VXXXX N+ N- AC &ACMAG &ACPHASE&&
IXXXX N+ N- AC &ACMAG &ACPHASE&&
其中，ACMAG 和ACPHASE 分别表示交流小信号源的幅度和相位。
例如：V1 1 0 AC 1v （表示节点1,0 间加交流电压幅值1v，相位0）
（c）瞬态源
瞬态源有几种，以下我们均只以电压源为例，电流源类似:
* 脉冲源（又叫周期源）
VXXXX N+ N- PULSE（V1 V2 TD TR TF PW PER）
V1 初始值，V2 脉动值，TD 延时，TR 上升时间，TF下降时间，PW脉冲宽度，PER 周期 例如：V1 5 0 PULSE（0 1 2NS 4Ns 4Ns 20NS 50NS）
VXXXX N+ N- SIN(V0 VA FREQ TD THETA PHASE)
V0:偏置，VA:幅度，FREQ: 频率 ，TD :延迟，THETA: 阻尼因子，PHASE:相位 * 指数源
VXXXX N+ N- EXP(V1 V2 TD1 TAU1 TD2 TAU2)
V1初始值，V2中止值，TD1上升延时，TAU1上升时间常数，TD2下降延时，TAU2下降
例如:V1 3 0 EXP(0 2 2ns 30ns 60ns 40ns)
* 分段线性源
VXXXX N+ N- PWL(T1 V1 &T2 V2 T3 V3 。。。&)
其中每对值（T1，V1）确定了时间t＝T1是分段线性源的值V1。
例如：Vpwl 3 0 PWL（0 1，10ns 1.5）
(4) 子电路
* 子电路语句
.SUBCKT SUBNAM N1& N2 。。。&
子电路的定义由.SUBCKT 语句开始。SUBNAM是子电路名，N1& N2 。。。&是外部节点号
* 终止语句
.ENDS (表示结束子电路定义)
* 子电路调用语句
XYYYY N1& N2 。。。& SUBNAM
三亿文库包含各类专业文献、文学作品欣赏、生活休闲娱乐、高等教育、应用写作文书、行业资料、专业论文、hspice65等内容。　
　HSPICE介绍_电子/电路_工程科技_专业资料。HSPICE 介绍 1、为什么要使用Hspice进行电路仿真 Avant! Star_Hspice(Synopsys 公司)是 IC 设计中最长用的仿真 工具,是... 　hspice仿真简易教程_专业资料。HSPICE经典教材仿真过程: 第一步:搭建电路。使用工具:Cadence,ECS,Workview 等 第二步:以可编辑方式打开需要仿真的电路(子电路,整体... 　Hspice 安装过程(图文教程)_电子/电路_工程科技_专业资料。Hspice 安装过程(图文教程)Hspice2010.03.sp1 安装过程 ???
今日推荐 180... 　Hspice使用指南傻瓜版_计算机软件及应用_IT/计算机_专业资料。快捷上手使用Hspice Hspice 使用指南 安装 1. 安b Hspice 2009.09 和 Spiceexplorer . ... 　Hspice语言学习总结_学习总结_总结/汇报_应用文书。HSpice 语言学习总结第一讲: 《SPICE》概述(1) 元器件模型 构成器件模型的方法有两种: ? 行为级模型―“黑匣子... 　HSPICE与CADENCE仿真规范与实例_电子/电路_工程科技_专业资料。HSPICE与CADENCE仿真规范与实例 电路模拟实验专题实验文档 一、简介本实验专题基于 SPICE(Simulation ... 　hspice2011安装与破解步骤_计算机软件及应用_IT/计算机_专业资料。hspice2011 安装步骤 1.运行 hspice_vF-2011.09-SP1_Win_setup 安装程序。 2.之后就安装过程…... 　hspice_电子/电路_工程科技_专业资料。HSPICE 一、简介随着微电子技术的迅速发展以及集成电路规模不断提高,对电路性能的设计要求越来 越严格,这势必对用于大规模集成... 　一.文件名的后缀 1.HSPICE输入文件 配制文件meta.cfg 初始化文件 hspice.ini 直流工作点初始化文件&design&.ic 输入网表文件&design&.sp 库输入文件&library_...HSPICE Quick Reference GuideVersion X-2005.09, September 2005?Copyright Notice and Proprietary InformationCopyright ” 2005 Synopsys, Inc. All rights reserved. This software and documentation contain confidential and proprietary information that is the property of Synopsys, Inc. The software and documentation are furnished under a license agreement and may be used or copied only in accordance with the terms of the license agreement. No part of the software and documentation may be reproduced, transmitted, or translated, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, manual, optical, or otherwise, without prior written permission of Synopsys, Inc., or as expressly provided by the license agreement.Right to Copy DocumentationThe license agreement with Synopsys permits licensee to make copies of the documentation for its internal use only. Each copy shall include all copyrights, trademarks, service marks, and proprietary rights notices, if any. Licensee must assign sequential numbers to all copies. These copies shall contain the following legend on the cover page: “This document is duplicated with the permission of Synopsys, Inc., for the exclusive use of __________________________________________ and its employees. This is copy number __________.”Destination Control StatementAll technical data contained in this publication is subject to the export control laws of the United States of America. Disclosure to nationals of other countries contrary to United States law is prohibited. It is the reader’s responsibility to determine the applicable regulations and to comply with them.DisclaimerSYNOPSYS, INC., AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS MATERIAL, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.Registered Trademarks (?)Synopsys, AMPS, Arcadia, C Level Design, C2HDL, C2V, C2VHDL, Cadabra, Calaveras Algorithm, CATS, CRITIC, CSim, Design Compiler, DesignPower, DesignWare, EPIC, Formality, HSIM, HSPICE, Hypermodel, iN-Phase, in-Sync, Leda, MAST, Meta, Meta-Software, ModelTools, NanoSim, OpenVera, PathMill, Photolynx, Physical Compiler, PowerMill, PrimeTime, RailMill, RapidScript, Saber, SiVL, SNUG, SolvNet, Superlog, System Compiler, Testify, TetraMAX, TimeMill, TMA, VCS, Vera, and Virtual Stepper are registered trademarks of Synopsys, Inc.Trademarks (?)Active Parasitics, AFGen, Apollo, Apollo II, Apollo-DPII, Apollo-GA, ApolloGAII, Astro, Astro-Rail, Astro-Xtalk, Aurora, AvanTestchip, AvanWaves, BCView, Behavioral Compiler, BOA, BRT, Cedar, ChipPlanner, Circuit Analysis, Columbia, Columbia-CE, Comet 3D, Cosmos, CosmosEnterprise, CosmosLE, CosmosScope, CosmosSE, Cyclelink, Davinci, DC Expert, DC Expert Plus, DC Professional, DC Ultra, DC Ultra Plus, Design Advisor, Design Analyzer, Design Vision, DesignerHDL, DesignTime, DFM-Workbench, Direct RTL, Direct Silicon Access, Discovery, DW8051, DWPCI, Dynamic-Macromodeling, Dynamic Model Switcher, ECL Compiler, ECO Compiler, EDAnavigator, Encore, Encore PQ, Evaccess, ExpressModel, Floorplan Manager, Formal Model Checker, FoundryModel, FPGA Compiler II, FPGA Express, Frame Compiler, Galaxy, Gatran, HANEX, HDL Advisor, HDL Compiler, Hercules, Hercules-Explorer, Hercules-II, Hierarchical Optimization Technology, High Performance Option, HotPlace, HSIMplus, HSPICE-Link, iNTandem, Integrator, Interactive Waveform Viewer, i-Virtual Stepper, Jupiter, Jupiter-DP, JupiterXT, JupiterXT-ASIC, JVXtreme, Liberty, Libra-Passport, Library Compiler, Libra-Visa, Magellan, Mars, Mars-Rail, Mars-Xtalk, Medici, Metacapture, Metacircuit, Metamanager, Metamixsim, Milkyway, ModelSource, Module Compiler, MS-3200, MS-3400, Nova Product Family, Nova-ExploreRTL, Nova-Trans, Nova-VeriLint, Nova-VHDLlint, Optimum Silicon, Orion_ec, Parasitic View, Passport, Planet, Planet-PL, Planet-RTL, Polaris, Polaris-CBS, Polaris-MT, Power Compiler, PowerCODE, PowerGate, ProFPGA, ProGen, Prospector, Protocol Compiler, PSMGen, Raphael, Raphael-NES, RoadRunner, RTL Analyzer, Saturn, ScanBand, Schematic Compiler, Scirocco, Scirocco-i, Shadow Debugger, Silicon Blueprint, Silicon Early Access, SinglePass-SoC, Smart Extraction, SmartLicense, SmartModel Library, Softwire, Source-Level Design, Star, Star-DC, Star-MS, Star-MTB, Star-Power, Star-Rail, Star-RC, Star-RCXT, Star-Sim, Star-SimXT, Star-Time, Star-XP, SWIFT, Taurus, TimeSlice, TimeTracker, Timing Annotator, TopoPlace, TopoRoute, Trace-On-Demand, True-Hspice, TSUPREM-4, TymeWare, VCS Express, VCSi, Venus, Verification Portal, VFormal, VHDL Compiler, VHDL System Simulator, VirSim, and VMC are trademarks of Synopsys, Inc.Service Marks (sm)MAP-in, SVP Café, and TAP-in are service marks of Synopsys, Inc. SystemC is a trademark of the Open SystemC Initiative and is used under license. ARM and AMBA are registered trademarks of ARM Limited. All other product or company names may be trademarks of their respective owners.Document Order Number:
ZA HSPICE Quick Reference Guide, Version X-2005.09HSPICE Quick Reference GuideTable of ContentsIntroduction Input and Output Files Behavior Macromodeling Controlling Input Analyzing Data Optimizing Data Output Format 1 2 5 22 46 63 66
IntroductionThis Quick Reference Guide is a condensed version of the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide, HSPICE Applications Manual, and HSPICE Command Reference. For more specific details and examples refer to the relevant manual.Syntax Notationxxx, yyy, zzz & ... & Arbitrary alphanumeric strings Optional data fields are enclosed in angle brackets & &. All other symbols and punctuation are required. Keywords, parameter names, etc. are represented in uppercase. V should be replaced with a numeric or symbolic value. Any number of parameters of the form shown can be entered. Continuation of the preceding line.UPPERCASE lowercase ... +The meaning of a parameter may depend on its location in the statement. Be sure that a complete set of parameters is entered in the correct sequence before running the simulation.Common Abbreviations? amp cm deg ev F H m s V Angstrom ampere centimeter degree Centigrade (unless specified as Kelvin) electron volt farad Henry meter second voltIntroduction1Input and Output FilesGeneral Form/usr/george/ mydesign mydesign tr0/usr/george/mydesign.spThe design path. The design name. The design root. The suffix.File Name SuffixX increments for each .TEMP or .ALTER. X can be one of the characters 0-9999.Input: input netlist design configuration Output .sp .cfg (X is alter number, usually 0) (N is the statement number in one netlist, starting at 0). .trX (transient analysis) .swX (dc sweep) .acX (ac analysis) .mtX (tran Measure) .msX (dc Measure) .maX (ac Measure) .pwlN_trX (from .STIM &TRAN& PWL) .datN_trX (from .STIM TRAN DATA) .datN_acX (from .STIM AC DATA) .datN_swX (from .STIM DC DATA) .vecN_trX (from .STIM &TRAN& VEC) hardcopy data .grX (from .GRAPH)graph data2Input and Output FilesInput Netlist FileFor a complete description of HSPICE installation, system configuration, setup and basic operation, please refer to the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide. HSPICE now accepts input line lengths of 1024 characters.Sample Input Netlist File Structure.TITLE * or $ .OPTION &.TRAN& &.AC& &.DC& &.OP& I becomes input netlist file title. Comments to describe the circuit. Set conditions for simulation analysis..TEMPERATURE Sets the circuit temperatures for the entire circuit simulation. .PRINT/.PLOT/ Sets print, plot, graph, and probe variables. .GRAPH/.PROBE .IC or .NODESET SOURCES NETLIST .MACRO libraries &.PROTECT& &.UNPROTECT& .ALTER .PARAMETER .END S can also be put in initial conditions. Sets input stimulus. Circuit description. .LIBRARY and .INC. Suppresses the printout of the text from the list file. Restores output printback. Sequence for inline case analysis. Defines a parameter. Terminates any ALTERs and the simulation.Numeric Scale FactorsA number may be an integer, a floating point number, an integer or floating point number followed by an integer exponent, or an integer or floating point number followed by one of the scale factors listed below.A F P N =1e-18 =1e-15 =1e-12 =1e-9Input and Output Files3U M K MEG (or X) MI G=1e-6 =1e-3 =1e3 =1e6 =25.4e6 =1e9Algebraic ExpressionsIn addition to simple arithmetic operations (+, -, *, /), the following quoted string functions may be used:sin(x) sinh(x) abs(x) tanh(x) db(x) cos(x) max(x,y) log(x) cosh(x) atan(x) log10(x) min(x,y) tan(x) sqrt(x) exp(x)pwr(x,y) pow(x,y) or or pwrx**y powx**yAlgebraic Expressions as InputGeneral Form ‘algebraic expression’Either single (‘ ’) or double (“ ”) quotes may be used.Algebraic Expressions as OutputGeneral Form PAR (‘algebraic expression’)The left and right parentheses are mandatory.Equation Constantsεo εox εsi f k q t ?t Vacuum permittivity=8.854e-12 F/m 3. F/m 1.0359e-10 F/m dielectric constant of silicon Frequency 1.38062e-23 - Boltzmann’s constant 1.60212e-19 - Electron charge Temperature in degrees Kelvin t - tnom4Input and Output Filestnom vt(t) vt(tnom)Nominal temperature in degrees Kelvin (user-input in degrees C). Tnom = 273.15 + TNOM k ? t/q Thermal voltage k ? tnom/q Thermal voltageBehavior MacromodelingHSPICE performs the following types of behavioral modeling.Subcircuit/Macros.SUBCKT or .MACRO StatementGeneral Form Or n1 … parnam subnam .SUBCKT subnam n1 &n2 n3 …& + &parnam=val …& .MACRO subnam n1 &n2 n3 …& + &parnam=val …& Node numbers for external reference A parameter name set to a value or another parameter Reference name for the subcircuit model callSee “.SUBCKT” or “.MACRO” in the HSPICE Command Reference..ENDS or .EOM StatementGeneral Form Or .ENDS &SUBNAM& .EOM &SUBNAM&See “.ENDS” or “.EOM” in the HSPICE Command Reference.Subcircuit CallsGeneral Form M n1 … parnam Xyyy n1 &n2 n3 …& subnam + &parnam=val …& &M=val& Multiplier Node names for external reference A parameter name set to a value for use only in the subcircuitBehavior Macromodeling5subnam XyyySubcircuit model reference name Subcircuit element nameSee “Subcircuit Call Statement” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide.Voltage and Current Controlled ElementsHSPICE supports the following voltage and current controlled elements. For detailed information, see “Voltage and Current Controlled Elements” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide.E ElementsVoltage Controlled Voltage Source―VCVS LinearGeneral Form Exxx n+ n- &VCVS& in+ in- gain + &MAX=val& &MIN=val& &SCALE=val& + &TC1=val& &TC2=val&&ABS=1& + &IC=val&PolynomialGeneral Form Exxx n+ n- &VCVS& POLY(NDIM) in1+ + in1- ... inndim+ inndim+ &TC1=val& &TC2=val& &SCALE=val& + &MAX=val& &MIN=val& &ABS=1& + p0 &p1…& &IC=val&Piecewise LinearGeneral Form Exxx n+ n- &VCVS& PWL(1) in+ + in- &DELTA=val& &SCALE=val& + &TC1=val& &TC2=val& x1,y1 + x2,y2 ... x100,y100 + &IC=val&6Behavior MacromodelingMulti-Input GatesGeneral Form Exxx n+ n- &VCVS& gatetype(k) + in1+ in1- ... inj+ inj+ &DELTA=val& &TC1=val& + &TC2=val& &SCALE=val& + x1,y1 ... x100,y100 + &IC=val&Delay ElementGeneral Form Exxx n+ n- &VCVS& DELAY in+ + in- TD=val &SCALE=val& + &TC1=val& &TC2=val& + &NPDELAY=val&See “Voltage-Controlled Voltage Source (VCVS)” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide. Behavioral Voltage SourceGeneral Form Exxx n+ n- VOL=’equation’ + &MAX=val& &MIN=val&See “Voltage and Current Controlled Elements” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide. Ideal Op-AmpGeneral Form Exxx n+ n- OPAMP in+ in-See “Ideal Op-Amp” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide. Ideal TransformerGeneral Form Exxx n+ n- TRANSFORMER in+ in- kSee “Ideal Transformer” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide.E Element ParametersParameterABS DELAY DELTADescriptionOutput is absolute value if ABS=1. Keyword for the delay element. Controls the curvature of the piecewise linear corners.Behavior Macromodeling7ParameterExxx gain gatetype(k) IC in +/k MAX MIN n+/NDIM NPDELAY OPAMP P0, P1… POLY PWL SCALE TC1, TC2 TDDescriptionVoltage-controlled element name. Voltage gain. Can be AND, NAND, OR, or NOR. Initial condition. Positive or negative controlling nodes. Ideal transformer turn ratio. Maximum output voltage value. Minimum output voltage value. Positive or negative node of a controlled element. Number of polynomial dimensions. Sets the number of data points to use in delay simulations. Keyword for an ideal op-amp element. Polynomial coefficients. Polynomial keyword. Piecewise linear function keyword. Element value multiplier. First-order and second-order temperature coefficients. Time (propagation) delay keyword.TRANSFORMER Keyword for an ideal transformer. VCVS x1,… y1,… Keyword for a voltage-controlled voltage source. Controlling voltage across the in+ and in- nodes. Corresponding element values of x.See “E Element Parameters” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide.F ElementsCurrent Controlled Current Sources―CCCS LinearGeneral Form Fxxx n+ n- &CCCS& vn1 gain + &MAX=val& &MIN=val& + &SCALE=val& &TC1=val& + &TC2=val& &M=val& &ABS=1& + &IC=val&8Behavior MacromodelingPolynomialGeneral Form Fxxx n+ n- &CCCS& POLY(ndim) + vn1 &... vnndim& &MAX=val& + &MIN=val& &TC1=val& + &TC2=val& &SCALE=val& + &M=val& &ABS=1& p0 &p1…& + &IC=val&Piecewise LinearGeneral Form Fxxx n+ n- &CCCS& PWL(1) vn1 + &DELTA=val& &SCALE=val& + &TC1=val& &TC2=val& &M=val& + x1,y1 ... x100,y100 + &IC=val&Multi-Input GatesGeneral Form Fxxx n+ n- &CCCS& gatetype(k) + vn1, ... vnk &DELTA=val& + &SCALE=val& &TC1=val& + &TC2=val& &M=val& &ABS=1& + x1,y1 ... x100,y100 + &IC=val&Delay ElementGeneral Form Fxxx n+ n- &CCCS& DELAY vn1 + TD=val &SCALE=val& + &TC1=val& &TC2=val& + NPDELAY=valSee “Current-Controlled Current Source (CCCS)” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide.F Element ParametersParameter HeadingABS CCCS DELAY DELTA Fxxx gain gatetype(k) Output is absolute value if ABS=1. Keyword for current-controlled current source. Keyword for the delay element. Controls the curvature of piecewise linear corners. Current-controlled current source element name. Current gain. Can be AND, NAND, OR, or NOR.Behavior Macromodeling9Parameter HeadingIC M MAX MIN n+/NDIM NPDELAY P0, P1… POLY PWL SCALE TC1, TC2 TD vn1… x1,… y1,… Initial condition (estimate). Number of element replications in parallel. Maximum output current value. Minimum output current value. Positive or negative controlled source connecting nodes. Number of polynomial dimensions. Must be a positive number. Default=one dimension. Number of data points to use in delay simulations. Polynomial coefficients. Polynomial keyword. Piecewise linear function keyword. Element value multiplier. First-order and second-order temperature coefficients. Time (propagation) delay keyword. Names of voltage sources, through which the controlling current flows. Controlling current, through the vn1 source. Corresponding output current values of x.See “F Element Parameters” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide.G ElementsVoltage Controlled Current Source―VCCS LinearGeneral Form Gxxx n+ n- &VCCS& in+ in+ transconductance &MAX=val& + &MIN=val& &SCALE=val& + &M=val& &TC1=val& &TC2=val& + &ABS=1& &IC=val&10Behavior MacromodelingPolynomialGeneral Form Gxxx n+ n- &VCCS& POLY(NDIM) + in1+ in1- ... + &inndim+ inndim-& MAX=val& + &MIN=val& &SCALE=val& + &M=val& &TC1=val& &TC2=val& + &ABS=1& P0&P1…& &IC=vals&Piecewise LinearGeneral Form Gxxx n+ n- &VCCS& PWL(1) in+ + in- &DELTA=val& &SCALE=val& + &M=val& &TC1=val& &TC2=val& + x1,y1 x2,y2 ... x100,y100 + &IC=val& &SMOOTH=val& Gxxx n+ n- &VCCS& NPWL(1) in+ + in- &DELTA=val& &SCALE=val& + &M=val& &TC1=val&&TC2=val& + x1,y1 x2,y2 ... x100,y100 + &IC=val& &SMOOTH=val& Gxxx n+ n- &VCCS& PPWL(1) in+ + in- &DELTA=val& &SCALE=val& + &M=val& &TC1=val& &TC2=val& + x1,y1 x2,y2 ... x100,y100 + &IC=val& &SMOOTH=val&OrOrMulti-Input GatesGeneral Form Gxxx n+ n- &VCCS& gatetype(k) + in1+ in1- ... ink+ ink+ &DELTA=val& &TC1=val& + &TC2=val& &SCALE=val& + &M=val& x1,y1 ... + x100,y100&IC=val&Delay ElementGeneral Form Gxxx n+ n- &VCCS& DELAY in+ + in- TD=val &SCALE=val& + &TC1=val& &TC2=val& + NPDELAY=valSee “Voltage-Controlled Current Source (VCCS)” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide.Behavior Macromodeling11Behavioral Current SourceGeneral Form Gxxx n+ n- CUR=’equation’ +&MAX&=val& &MIN=val& &M=val& +&SCALE=val&See “Behavioral Current Source” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide. Voltage Controlled Resistor―VCR LinearGeneral Form Gxxx n+ n- VCR in+ in+ transfactor &MAX=val& + &MIN=val& &SCALE=val& + &M=val& &TC1=val& &TC2=val& + &IC=val&PolynomialGeneral Form Gxxx n+ n- VCR POLY(NDIM) in1+ + in1- ... &inndim+ inndim-& + &MAX=val& &MIN=val& + &SCALE=val& &M=val& + &TC1=val& &TC2=val& + P0 &P1…& &IC=vals&Piecewise LinearGeneral Form Gxxx n+ n- VCR PWL(1) in+ in+ &DELTA=val& &SCALE=val& + &M=val& &TC1=val& &TC2=val& + x1,y1 x2,y2 ... x100,y100 + &IC=val& &SMOOTH=val& Gxxx n+ n- VCR NPWL(1) in+ in+ &DELTA=val& &SCALE=val& + &M=val& &TC1=val& &TC2=val& + x1,y1 x2,y2 ... x100,y100 + &IC=val& &SMOOTH=val& Gxxx n+ n- VCR PPWL(1) in+ in+ &DELTA=val& &SCALE=val& + &M=val& &TC1=val& &TC2=val& + x1,y1 x2,y2 ... x100,y100 + &IC=val& &SMOOTH=val&OrOr12Behavior MacromodelingMulti-Input GatesGeneral Form Gxxx n+ n- VCR gatetype(k) + in1+ in1- ... ink+ ink+ &DELTA=val& &TC1=val& + &TC2=val& &SCALE=val& + &M=val& x1,y1 ... x100,y100 + &IC=val&See “Voltage-Controlled Resistor (VCR)” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide. Voltage Controlled Capacitors―VCCAPGeneral Form Gxxx n+ n- VCCAP PWL(1) in+ + in- &DELTA=val& + &SCALE=val& &M=val& + &TC1=val& &TC2=val& + x1,y1 x2,y2 ... x100,y100 + &IC=val& &SMOOTH=val&See “Voltage-Controlled Capacitor (VCCAP)” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis Manual.G Element ParametersParameter DescriptionABS CUR= equation DELAY DELTA Gxxx gatetype(k) IC in +/M MAX MIN n+/NDIM NPDELAY NPWL Output is absolute value, if ABS=1. Current output which flows from n+ to n-. Keyword for the delay element. Controls the curvature of the piecewise linear corners. Voltage-controlled element name. Can be AND, NAND, OR, or NOR. Initial condition. Positive or negative controlling nodes. Number of element replications in parallel. Maximum current or resistance value. Minimum current or resistance value. Positive or negative node of the controlled element. Number of polynomial dimensions. Sets the number of data points to use in delay simulations. Models the symmetrical bidirectional switch or transfer gate, NMOS.Behavior Macromodeling13Parameter Descriptionp0, p1 … POLY PWL PPWL SCALE SMOOTH TC1,TC2 TD Polynomial coefficients. Polynomial keyword. Piecewise linear function keyword. Models the symmetrical bidirectional switch or transfer gate, PMOS. Element value multiplier. For piecewise-linear, dependent-source elements, SMOOTH selects curve smoothing. First- and second-order temperature coefficients. Time (propagation) delay keyword.transconduct Voltage-to-current conversion factor. -ance transfactor VCCAP VCCS VCR x1, ... y1, ... Voltage-to-resistance conversion factor. Keyword for voltage-controlled capacitance element. Keyword for voltage-controlled current source. Keyword for the voltage controlled resistor element. Controlling voltage, across the in+ and in- nodes. Corresponding element values of x.See “G Element Parameters” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide.H ElementsCurrent Controlled Voltage Source―CCVS LinearGeneral Form Hxxx n+ n- &CCVS& vn1 + transresistance &MAX=val& + &MIN=val& &SCALE=val& + &TC1=val&&TC2=val& &ABS=1& + &IC=val&PolynomialGeneral Form Hxxx n+ n- &CCVS& POLY(NDIM) + vn1 &... vnndim& &MAX=val& + &MIN=val& &TC1=val& + &TC2=val& &SCALE=val& + &ABS=1& P0 &P1…& &IC=val&14Behavior MacromodelingPiecewise LinearGeneral Form Hxxx n+ n- &CCVS& PWL(1) vn1 + &DELTA=val& &SCALE=val& + &TC1=val& &TC2=val& x1,y1 ... + x100,y100 &IC=val&Multi-Input GatesGeneral Form Hxxx n+ n- gatetype(k) + vn1, ... vnk &DELTA=val& + &SCALE=val& &TC1=val& + &TC2=val& x1,y1 ... + x100,y100 &IC=val&Delay ElementGeneral Form Hxxx n+ n- &CCVS& DELAY vn1 + TD=val &SCALE=val&&TC1=val& + &TC2=val& &NPDELAY=val&See “Current-Controlled Voltage Source (CCVS)” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide.H Element ParametersParameter DescriptionABS CCVS DELAY DELTA gatetype(k) Hxxx IC MAX MIN n+/NDIM NPDELAY P0, P1… POLY PWL Output is absolute value if ABS=1. Keyword for current-controlled voltage source. Keyword for the delay element. Controls the curvature of piecewise linear corners. Can be AND, NAND, OR, or NOR. Current-controlled voltage source element name. Initial condition. Maximum voltage value. Minimum voltage value. Positive or negative controlled source connecting nodes. Number of polynomial dimensions. Number of data points to use in delay simulations. Polynomial coefficients. Polynomial dimension. Piecewise linear function keyword.Behavior Macromodeling15Parameter DescriptionSCALE TC1, TC2 TD transresistance vn1… x1,… y1,… Element value multiplier. First-order and second-order temperature coefficients. Time (propagation) delay keyword. Current-to-voltage conversion factor. Names of voltage sources, through which the controlling current flows. Controlling current, through the vn1 source. Corresponding output voltage values of x.See “H Element Parameters” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide.Op-Amp Element StatementCOMP=0 Or COMP=1 in+ inmodelname out vcc vee xa1 in- in+ out comp1 comp2 vcc vee modelname AV=val Noninverting input Inverting input Subcircuit reference name Output, single ended Positive supply Negative supply xa1 in- in+ out vcc vee modelname AV=valSee “Op-Amp Element Statement Format” in the HSPICE Applications Manual.Op-Amp .MODEL StatementGeneral Form AMP mname parameter value .MODEL mname AMP parameter=value … Identifies an amplifier model Model name. Elements reference the model by this name. Any model parameter described below Value assigned to a parameterSee “Op-Amp .MODEL Statement Format” in the HSPICE Applications Manual.16Behavior MacromodelingP ElementPortsGeneral Pxxx p n port=portnumber Form + $ **** Voltage or Power Information ******** + &DC mag& &AC &mag &phase&&& + &HBAC &mag &phase&&& &HB &mag &phase &harm + &tone &modharm &modtone&&&&&&& + &transient_waveform& &TRANFORHB=[0|1]& + &DCOPEN=[0|1]& + $ **** Source Impedance Information ******** + &Z0=val& &RDC=val& &RAC=val& + &RHBAC=val& &RHB=val& &RTRAN=val& + $ **** Power Switch ******** + &power=[1|0]&P Element ParametersParameterport=portnumberDescriptionThe port number. The ports are numbered sequentially beginning with 1 with no shared port numbers. DC voltage or power source value. AC voltage or power source value. (HSPICE RF) HBAC voltage or power source value. (HSPICE RF) HB voltage, current, or power source value. Multiple HB specifications with different harm, tone, modharm, and modtone values are allowed. phase is in degrees harm and tone are indices corresponding to the tones specified in the .HB statement. Indexing starts at 1 (corresponding to the first harmonic of a tone). modtone and modharm specify sources for multi-tone simulation. A source specifies a tone and a harmonic, and up to 1 offset tone and harmonic (modtone for tones and modharm for harmonics). The signal is then described as: V(or I) = mag*cos(2*pi* (harm*tone+modharm*modtone)*t + phase)&DC mag& &AC &mag &phase&&& &HBAC &mag &phase&&& &HB &mag &phase &harm &tone &modharm &modtone&&&&&&&&transient waveform&(Transient analysis) Voltage or power source waveform. Any one of waveforms: AM, EXP, PULSE, PWL, SFFM, or SIN. Multiple transient descriptions are not allowed.Behavior Macromodeling17ParameterDescriptionTRANFORHB=[0|1] 0 (default): The transient description is ignored if an HB value is given or a DC value is given. If no DC or HB value is given and TRANFORHB=0, then HB treats the source as a DC source, and the DC source value is the time=0 value. 1: HB analysis uses the transient description if its value is VMRF, SIN, PULSE, PWL, or LFSR. If the type is a non-repeating PWL source, then the time=infinity value is used as a DC source value. To override the global TRANFORHB option, explicitly set TRANFORHB for a voltage or current source. DCOPEN Switch for open DC connection when DC mag is not set. 0 (default): P element behaves as an impedance termination. 1 : P element is considered an open circuit in DC operating point analysis. DCOPEN=1 is mainly used in .LIN analysis so the P element will not affect the self-biasing device under test by opening the termination at the operating point. &z0=val& (LIN analysis) System impedance used when converting to a power source, inserted in series with the voltage source. Currently, this only supports real impedance. When power=0, z0 defaults to 0. When power=1, z0 defaults to 50 ohms. You can also enter zo=val. &RDC=val& &RAC=val& &RHBAC=val& &RHB=val& &RTRAN=val& (DC analysis) Series resistance (overrides z0). (AC analysis) Series resistance (overrides z0). (HSPICE RF HBAC analysis) Series resistance (overrides z0). (HSPICE RF HB analysis) Series resistance (overrides z0). (Transient analysis) Series resistance (overrides z0).18Behavior MacromodelingParameter&power=[0 | 1 | 2 | W | dbm]&Description(HSPICE RF) Power Switch When 0 (default), element treated as a voltage or current source. When 1 or W, element treated as a power source, realized as a voltage source with a series impedance. In this case, the source value is interpreted as RMS available power in units of Watts. When 2 or dbm, element treated as a power source in series with the port imedance. Values are in dbms. You can use this parameter for Transient analysis if the power source is either DC or SIN.S ElementTransmission LineGeneral Form Sxxx nd1 nd2 ... ndN ndRef + &MNAME=Smodel_name& + &FQMODEL=sp_model_name& + &TYPE=[s | y]& &Zo=[value | vector_value]& + &FBASE = base_frequency& + &FMAX=maximum_frequency& + &PRECFAC=val& + &DELAYHANDLE=[1 | 0 | ON | OFF]& + &DELAYFREQ=val& + &INTERPOLATION=STEP | LINEAR | SPLINE& + &INTDATTYP =[RI | MA | DBA]& + &HIGHPASS=val& + &LOWPASS=val& &MIXEDMODE=[0 | 1]& + &DATATYPE=data_string& + &NOISE=[1 | 0]& &DTEMP=val&S Element ParametersParameternd1 nd2 ... ndN nd_ref MNAME FQMODELDescriptionN terminal nodes. Reference node. S model name, which is used to refer to an S model. .MODEL statement of sp type, which defines the frequency behavior of the S or Y parameter.Behavior Macromodeling19ParameterTYPEDescriptionParameter type: S (scattering) (default) Y (admittance) Z (impedance)ZoCharacteristic impedance value for the reference line (frequency-independent). For multiple terminals (N&1), HSPICE or HSPICE RF assumes that the characteristic impedance matrix of the reference lines is diagonal, and that you set diagonal values to Zo. To specify more general types of reference lines, use Zof. The default is 50. The base frequency. This value becomes the base frequency point for the Inverse Fourier Transformation. If you do not set this value, the base frequency is a reciprocal value of the transient period. Maximum frequency use in transient analysis. HSPICE uses the value as the maximum frequency point for Inverse Fourier Transformation. A precondition factor keyword used for the precondition process of the S parameter. A precondition is used to avoid an infinite admittance matrix. The default is 0.75, which is good for most cases. Delay handler for transmission-line type parameters. Set DELAYHANDLE to ON (or 1) to turn set DELAYHANDLE to OFF (or 0) to turn off the delay handle (default). Delay frequency for transmission-line type parameters. The default is FMAX. If the DELAYHANDLE is set to OFF, but DELAYFREQ is nonzero, HSPICE still simulates the S element in delay mode. The interpolation method: STEP: piecewise step LINEAR: piecewise linear (default) SPLINE: b-spline curve fitFBASEFMAXPRECFACDELAYHANDLEDELAYFREQINTERPOLATION20Behavior MacromodelingParameterINTDATTYPEDescriptionData type for the linear interpolation of the complex data. RI: real-imaginary based interpolation MA: magnitude-angle based interpolation (default) DBA: dB-angle based interpolationHIGHPASSMethod to extrapolate higher frequency points. 0: cut off 1: use highest frequency point 2: perform linear extrapolation using the highest 2 points 3: apply the window function to gradually approach the cut-off level (default)LOWPASSMethod to extrapolate lower frequency points. 0: cut off 1: use the magnitude of the lowest point 2: perform linear extrapolation using the magnitude of the lowest two pointsMIXEDMODE DATATYPESet to 1 if the parameters are represented in the mixed mode. A string used to determine the order of the indices of the mixed-signal incident or reflected vector. The string must be an array of a letter and a number (Xn) where: X = D to indicate a differential term = C to indicate a common term = S to indicate a single (grounded) term n = the port numberNOISEActivates thermal noise. 1: element generates thermal noise 0 (default): element is considered noiselessDTEMPTemperature difference between the element and the circuit. Expressed in °C. The default is 0.0.Behavior Macromodeling21Controlling InputFor complete definitions, see the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide, “Specifying Simulation Input and Controls.”.OPTION StatementGeneral Form opt1 … .OPTION opt1 &opt2 opt3 …& Specifies any input control options.See “.OPTION” in the HSPICE Command Reference.General Control (I/O) OptionsOptionACCT ACOUTDescriptionReports job accounting and runtime statistics, at the end of the output listing. AC output calculation method for the difference in values of magnitude, phase, and decibels for prints and plots. This option is no longer necessary and is ignored because HSPICE accepts any number of .ALTER statements without overwriting files beyond the 36th .ALTER statement. Enables only reading the input netlist once for multiple .ALTER statements. Disables topology checking in elements redefined by the .ALTER statement. BEEP=1 sounds an audible tone when simulation returns a message, such as “info: HSPICE job completed.” BEEP=0 turns off the audible tone. Outputs binning parameters of the CMI MOSFET model. Currently available only for Level 57. Stops print back of data file until HSPICE or HSPICE RF finds an .OPTION BRIEF = 0, or the .END statement. Sets the number of columns for printout: x can be either 80 (for narrow printout) or 132 (for wide carriage printouts).ALT999, ALT9999ALTCC ALTCHK BEEPBINPRINTBRIEF, NXXCO = x22Controlling InputOptionINGOLD = x LENNAM = x LIST MEASDGT = xDescriptionSpecifies the printout data format. Maximum length of names in the printout of operating point analysis results. Produces an element summary of the input data to print. Formats the .MEASURE statement output in both the listing file and the .MEASURE output files (.ma0, .mt0, .ms0, and so on). Prints a node cross reference table. Bypasses element checking to reduce preprocessing time for very large files. Suppresses printout of model parameters Suppresses page ejects for title headings Suppresses topology checks to increase speed for pre-processing very large files Number of significant digits to print for output variable values. Same as BRIEF. See BRIEF. Outputs the operating point information to a new file. Outputs additional optimization information: 0 1 No information (default). Prints parameter, Broyden update, and bisection results information.NODE NOELCK NOMOD NOPAGE NOTOP NUMDGT = x NXX OPFILE = x OPTLST = x2 Prints gradient, error, Hessian, and iteration information. 3 OPTS PATHNUM PLIM = x POSTTOP=n Prints all of the above, and Jacobian. Prints the current settings for all control options. Prints subcircuit path numbers, instead of path names Specifies plot size limits for current and voltage plots. Outputs instances, up to n levels deep. .OPTION POST saves all nodes, at all levels of hierarchy. .OPTION POSTTOP or .OPTION POSTTOP=1 saves only the TOP node. .OPTION POSTTOP=2 saves only nodes at the top two levels.Controlling Input23OptionDescriptionPOST_VERSION = x Sets the post-processing output version with values x=, or 2001. STATFL Controls if HSPICE creates a .st0 file. statfl=0 (default) outputs a .st0 file. statfl=1 suppresses the .st0 file. SEARCH Search path for libraries and included files.See “General Control Options” in the HSPICE Command Reference.CPU OptionsOptionCPTIME = x EPSMIN = xDescriptionMaximum CPU time in seconds, allotted for this simulation job. Smallest number that a computer can add or subtract, a constant value.EXPMAX = x Largest exponent that you can use for an exponential, before overflow occurs. LIMTIM = x Amount of CPU time reserved to generate prints and plots, if a CPU time limit (CPTIME = x) terminates simulation.See “CPU Options” in the HSPICE Simulation and Analysis User Guide.Interface OptionsOptionARTIST = x CDS, SDADescriptionARTIST = 2 enables Cadence Analog Artist interface. Requires a specific license. CDS = 2 produces a Cadence WSF (ASCII format) post-analysis file for Opus?. Requires a specific license. Selects Common Simulation Data Format (Viewlogiccompatible graph data file). How many digits to use with Viewlogic-compatible graph data file format. Outputs .MEASURE statement values and sweep parameters into an ASCII file for post-analysis processing using AvanWaves or other analysis tools.CSDF DLENCSDF MEASOUT24Controlling InputOptionMENTOR = xDescriptionMENTOR = 2 enables the Mentor MSPICEcompatible (ASCII) interface. Requires a specific license. Continues Monte Carlo analysis. Retrieves next random value, even if non-convergence occurs. Stores simulation results for analysis by using AvanWaves interface or other methods. POST = 1 saves results in binary. POST = 2 saves results in ASCII. POST = 3 saves results in New Wave binary format.MONTECON POST = xPROBELimits post-analysis output to only variables specified in .PROBE, .PRINT, .PLOT, and .GRAPH statements. Specifies if HSPICE or HSPICE RF outputs binary or ASCII data from the Parameter Storage Format. Same as CDS. See CDS. If x is 2, enables Zuken interactive interface. If x is 1 (default), disables this interface.PSF = x SDA ZUKEN = xSee “Interface Options” in the HSPICE Command Reference.Analysis OptionsOptionASPEC FFTOUTDescriptionSets HSPICE or HSPICE RF to ASPECcompatibility mode. Prints 30 harmonic fundamentals, sorted by size, THD, SNR, and SFDR. You can use this option in HSPICE, but not in HSPICE RF. Number of points to print or plot in AC analysis.LIMPTS = xNOISEMINFREQ = x Specifies the minimum frequency of noise analysis. Default = 1e-5. PARHIER SPICE SEED Selects parameter-passing rules that control evaluation order of subcircuit parameters. Makes HSPICE compatible with Berkeley SPICE. Starting seed for a random-number generator for Monte Carlo analysis.See “Analysis Options” in the HSPICE Command Reference.Controlling Input25Error OptionsOptionBADCHR DIAGNOSTIC NOWARNDescriptionGenerates a warning when it finds a non-printable character in an input file. Logs negative model conductances. Suppresses all warning messages, except those generated from statements in .ALTER blocks.WARNLIMIT = x Limits how many times certain warnings appear in the output listing. This reduces the output listing file size.See “Error Options” in the HSPICE Command Reference.Version OptionsOptionH9007DescriptionSets default values for general-control options to correspond to the values for HSPICE Release H9007D.See “Version Options” in the HSPICE Command Reference.Model Analysis OptionsSee “Model Analysis Options” in the HSPICE Command Reference.General OptionsOptionDCAPDescriptionSelects equations to calculate depletion capacitance for LEVEL 1 or 3 diodes, BJTs.HIER_SCALE Defines how HSPICE or HSPICE RF interprets the S parameter as a user-defined parameter or an HSPICE scale parameter. MODSRH If MODSRH=1, HSPICE or HSPICE RF does not load or reference a model described in a .MODEL statement, if the netlist does not use that model. This option can shorten simulation run time. Default is MODSRH=0. Element scaling factor. Reference temperature for simulation.SCALE TNOM26Controlling InputOptionMODMONTEDescriptionIf MODMONTE=1, then each device receives a different random value for its Monte Carlo parameters. If MODMONTE=0 (default), then each device receives the same random value for its Monte Carlo parameters. HSPICE RF does not support Monte Carlo analysis.MOSFET Control OptionsOptionCVTOLDescriptionChanges the number of numerical integration steps when calculating gate capacitor charge for a MOSFET by using CAPOP = 3. Default value for MOSFET drain diode area. Default value for MOSFET source diode area. Default value for MOSFET channel length. Default number of squares for drain resistor on a MOSFET. Default number of squares for source resistor on a MOSFET. Default MOSFET drain diode perimeter. Default MOSFET source diode perimeter. Default MOSFET channel width. Model scaling factor. Reverses specified order in the VSIZE MOS element. Default order is length- changes order to width-length. (BSIM4 models). Used to globally turn on the WNFLAG instance parameter. Local definition takes precedence.DEFAD DEFAS DEFL DEFNRD DEFNRS DEFPD DEFPS DEFW SCALM WLWNFLAG=[0|1]See “MOSFET Control Options” in the HSPICE Command Reference.Controlling Input27Inductor OptionsYou can use the following inductor options in HSPICE, but not in HSPICE RF:GENK Automatically computes second-order mutual inductance for several coupled inductors. Minimum mutual inductance, below which automatic second-order mutual inductance calculation no longer proceeds.KLIMBJT and Diode OptionsEXPLI Current-explosion model parameter. PN junction characteristics above explosion current are linear.DC Solution Control OptionsOptionABSH = x ABSI = xDescriptionSets the absolute current change, through voltagedefined branches (voltage sources and inductors). Sets the absolute branch current error tolerance in diodes, BJTs, and JFETs during DC and transient analysis. Current error tolerance (for MOSFET devices) in DC or transient analysis. ABSTOL is an alias for ABSI. See ABSI. Sets the absolute minimum voltage for DC and transient analysis. Sets the maximum iteration-to-iteration current change, through voltage-defined branches (voltage sources and inductors). Adds conductance to nodes having no DC path to ground. Starts KCL (Kirchhoff’s Current Law) test. Sets the maximum current, through voltagedefined branches (voltage sources and inductors). Relative current tolerance, through voltage-defined branches (voltage sources and inductors). Relative error/tolerance change, from iteration to iteration. Determines convergence for all currents in diode, BJT, and JFET devices. Sets error tolerance (percent) for drain-to-source current, from iteration to iteration. Determines convergence for currents in MOSFET devices.ABSMOS = x ABSTOL = x ABSVDC = x DI = xGDCPATH KCLTEST MAXAMP = x RELH = x RELI = xRELMOS = x28Controlling InputOptionRELV = x RELVDC = xDescriptionRelative error tolerance for voltages. Relative error tolerance for voltages.See “DC Operating Point, DC Sweep, and Pole/Zero Options” in the HSPICE Command Reference.Matrix OptionsITL1 = x ITL2 = x NOPIV PIVOT = x PIVREF PIVREL = x PIVTOL = x SPARSE = x Maximum DC iteration limit. Iteration limit for the DC transfer curve. Prevents HSPICE from automatically switching to pivoting matrix factors. Selects a pivot algorithm. Pivot reference. Maximum/minimum row/matrix ratio. Absolute minimum value for which HSPICE or HSPICE RF accepts a matrix entry as a pivot. Same as PIVOT.Pole/Zero I/O OptionsCAPTAB Prints table of single-plate node capacitance for diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs, JFETs, and passive capacitors at each operating point. Generates C-V plots, and prints capacitance values of a circuit (both model and element), during a DC analysis. The OPFILE option outputs the operating point information to a new file. Minimum voltage to print in output listing.DCCAPOPFILE VFLOOR = xDC Convergence OptionsABSTOL = CAPTAB ABSTOL is an alias for ABSI. See ABSI. Prints table of single-plate node capacitance for diodes, BJTs, MOSFETs, JFETs, and passive capacitors at each operating point. Invokes different methods to solve non-convergence problems The same option as CSHUNT; use only with the CONVERGE option.CONVERGE CSHDCControlling Input29DCCAPGenerates C-V plots, and prints capacitance values of a circuit (both model and element), during a DC analysis. Use with DCHOLD and .NODESET to enhance DC convergence. Use DCFOR and DCHOLD together to initialize a DC analysis. DC sweep analysis loads the initial conditions for DC sweep points. If a circuit cannot converge, HSPICE or HSPICE RF automatically sets DCON = 1. Converts DC model and element capacitors to a conductance to enhance DC convergence properties. DCTRAN is an alias for CONVERGE. See CONVERGE. Maximum iteration-to-iteration voltage change for all circuit nodes in both DC and transient analysis. Conductance in parallel with a current source for .IC and .NODESET initialization circuitry. Conductance in parallel to all pn junctions and all MOSFET nodes for DC analysis. HSPICE sets this value during autoconvergence. Adds conductance from each node to ground when calculating the DC operating point of the circuit (.OP). Default=0. Adds conductance from each node to ground. Default=0. Saves current analysis result of parameter or temperature sweep as the starting point in the next analysis in the sweep. Controls the iteration limit used in the final try of the pseudo-transient method in OP or DC analysis. Maximum DC iteration limit. Iteration limit for the DC transfer curve. Starts KCL (Kirchhoff’s Current Law) test. Sets the maximum current, through voltage-defined branches (voltage sources and inductors). Calculates one more iterations past convergence for every calculated DC solution and timepoint circuit solution.DCFOR = x DCHOLD = x DCIC = x DCON = X DCSTEP = x DCTRAN DV = x GMAX = x GMINDC = x GRAMP = x GSHDCGSHUNT ICSWEEPITLPTRAN ITL1 = x ITL2 = x KCLTEST MAXAMP = x NEWTOLNOPIV OFF For all active devices, initializes terminal voltages to zero, if you did not initialize them to other values.30Controlling InputNOPIV PIVREL = x PIVTOL = x RESMIN = x SPARSE = x SYMB = xPrevents HSPICE from automatically switching to pivoting matrix factors. Maximum/minimum row/matrix ratio. Absolute minimum value for which HSPICE or HSPICE RF accepts a matrix entry as a pivot. Minimum resistance for all resistors, including parasitic and inductive resistances. Same as PIVOT. If you set the SYMB option to 1, HSPICE operates with a symbolic operating point algorithm to get initial guesses before calculating operating points.Pole/Zero Control OptionsOptionCSCAL FMAX FSCAL GSCAL LSCAL PZABS PZTOL RITOL (X0R,X0I), (X1R,X1I), (X2R,X2I)DescriptionSets the capacitance scale. HSPICE multiplies capacitances by CSCAL. Sets the maximum frequency of angular velocity for poles and zeros. Sets the frequency scale, by which HSPICE or HSPICE RF multiplies the frequency. Sets the conductance scale. Sets the inductance scale. Absolute tolerances for poles and zeros. Relative error tolerance for poles or zeros. Minimum ratio for (real/imaginary) or (imaginary/ real) parts of poles or zeros. The three complex starting points in the Muller pole/ zero analysis algorithm.See “Pole/Zero Control Options” in the HSPICE Command Reference.Transient and AC Control OptionsOptionABSH = x ABSV = x ACCURATEDescriptionSets the absolute current change, through voltagedefined branches (voltage sources and inductors). Same as VNTOL. See VNTOL. Sele uses LVLTIM=3 and DVDT = 2 for circuits such as high-gain comparators. Default is 0.Controlling Input31OptionACOUTDescriptionAC output calculation method for the difference in values of magnitude, phase, and decibels. Use this option for prints and plots. Default is 1. Sets a charge error tolerance if you set LVLTIM=2. Default=1e-15 (coulomb). Adds capacitance from each node to ground. Default=0. Maximum iteration-to-iteration current change, through voltage-defined branches (voltage sources and inductors). Default is 0.0. Minimum conductance added to all PN junctions for a time sweep in transient analysis. Default is 1e-12. Adds conductance added from each node to ground. Default=0. Maximum current, through voltage-defined branches (voltage sources and inductors). If current exceeds the MAXAMP value, HSPICE issues an error. Default=0.0. Relative current tolerance, through voltage-defined branches (voltage sources and inductors). Default is 0.05. Relative error/tolerance change, from iteration to iteration. Default is 0.01 for KCLTEST=0 or 1e-6 for KCLTEST=1. Used in timestep algorithm for local truncation error (LVLTIM=2). Default=0.01. Relative error tolerance for voltages. Default is 1e-3. Smallest risetime of a signal, .OPTION RISETIME = x. Used in timestep algorithm for local truncation error (LVLTIM=2). Default=7.0. Absolute minimum voltage for DC and transient analysis. Default=50 (microvolts).CHGTOL = x CSHUNT DI = xGMIN = x GSHUNT MAXAMP = xRELH = xRELI = xRELQ = x RELTOL, RELV RISETIME TRTOL = x VNTOL = x, ABSVSee “Transient and AC Small Signal Analysis Options” in the HSPICE Command Reference.Speed OptionsAUTOSTOP Stops transient analysis, after calculating all TRIG-TARG, FIND-WHEN, and FROM-TO measure functions. Size of breakpoint table. Default=5000.BKPSIZ = x32Controlling InputBYPASS BYTOL = xTo speed-up simulation, does not update status of latent devices. Default is 1. Voltage tolerance, at which a MOSFET, MESFET, JFET, BJT, or diode becomes latent. Default is MBYPASSxVNTOL. To speed-up simulation, does not update status of latent devices. Default is 0. Sets the iteration limit for pole/zero analysis. Default is 100. Computes default of BYTOL control option. Default is 1 for DVDT = 0, 1, 2, or 3. Default is 2 for DVDT = 4.FAST ITLPZ MBYPASS = xTRCONControls automatic convergence, and the speed of large non-linear circuits with large TSTOP/ TSTEP values. Default=1.Timestep OptionsABSVAR = x Absolute limit for the maximum voltage change, from one time point to the next. Default is 0.5 (volts). Maximum Delta of the internal timestep. HSPICE automatically sets the DELMAX value. Adjusts the timestep, based on rates of change for node voltage. Default=4. 0 - original algorithm 1 - fast 2 - accurate 3,4 - balance speed and accuracy FS = x Decreases Delta (internal timestep) by the specified fraction of a timestep (TSTEP) for the first time point of a transient. Default=0.25. Decreases Delta (the internal timestep), by a specified fraction of a timestep (TSTEP) for an iteration set that does not converge. Default is 0.25.DELMAX = x DVDTFT = xIMIN = x, ITL3 = x Minimum number of iterations. Required to obtain convergence at a timepoint in transient analysis simulations. Determines internal timestep. Default is 3.0. IMAX = x, ITL4 = x Maximum number of iterations to obtain convergence at a timepoint in transient analysis. Determines internal timestep. Default is 8.0.Controlling Input33ITL5 = x RELVAR = xIteration limit for transient analysis output. Default is 0.0. Used with ABSVAR, and DVDT timestep option. Sets relative voltage change for LVLTIM=1 or 3. Default is 0.30 (30%). TSTEP multiplier, controls maximum value (DELMAX) to use for internal timestep Delta. Default is 5 when dvdt=4, and lvltim=1. Otherwise, default=2. Maximum is 1e+9, minimum is 1e-9. Recommend maximum=1e+5. Sets the minimum value of Delta (internal timestep). Default=1.0e-9. Minimum value for breakpoint table entries in a piecewise linear (PWL) analysis. Default is 0.5. Minimum separation between breakpoint values for breakpoint table. Default=1 ps. Triggers the W element dynamic step control algorithm. x is a real number between 0.0 and 10.0. Larger values result in higher performance and lower accuracy, while smaller values result in lower performance and higher accuracy. If x=0.0, a static step control algorithm is used. Default=0.0.RMAX = xRMIN = x SLOPETOL = x TIMERES = x WACC = xAlgorithm OptionsDVTR IMAX = x, ITL4 = x Limits voltage in transient analysis. Default is 1000. Maximum number of iterations to obtain convergence at a timepoint in transient analysis. Determines internal timestep. Default is 8.0.IMIN = x, ITL3 = x Minimum number of iterations. Required to obtain convergence at a timepoint in transient analysis simulations. Determines internal timestep. Default is 3.0. LVLTIM = x Selects the timestep algorithm for transient analysis. If LVLTIM = 1 (default), HSPICE uses the DVDT timestep algorithm. If LVLTIM = 2, HSPICE uses the local truncation error (LTE) timestep control method. If LVLTIM = 3, HSPICE uses the DVDT timestep algorithm with timestep reversal. MAXORD = x Maximum order of integration for the GEAR method (see METHOD).34Controlling InputMETHOD = name PURETP MU = x RUNLVL = xSets numerical integration method for a transient analysis to GEAR or TRAP. Sets the integration method to use for the reversal time point. Default = 0. Coefficient for trapezoidal integration. Range for MU is 0.0 to 0.5. Default=0.5. Controls the speed and accuracy trade-off. It can be set to 0,1,2,3,4,5,6. Higher values of RUNLVL result in higher accuracy and longer simulation times, while lower values give lower accuracy and faster simulation runtimes. RUNLVL=0 turns off this algorithm. RUNLVL=1 is the lowest simulation runtime. RUNLVL=3 is the default (similar to original HSPICE default mode). RUNLVL=5, 6 correspond to the HSPICE standard accurate mode. For most circuits, RUNLVL=5 is similar to the HSPICE standard accurate mode.TRCONControls the automatic convergence (autoconvergence) process. TRCON=3: enable auto-speedup only. HSPICE invokes auto-speed up if: - there are more than 1000 nodes, or - there are more than 300 active devices, or - Tstop/Tstep (as defined in .TRAN) & 1e8. When auto-speedup is active, RMAX increases, and HSPICE can take larger timesteps. TRCON=2: enables auto-convergence only. HSPICE invokes auto-convergence if you use the default integration method (trapezoidal), and if HPSICE fails to converge with an “internal timestep too small” error. Auto-convergence sets method=gear, lvltim=2, and starts the transient simulation again from time=0. TRCON=1: enables both auto-convergence and auto-speedup. TRCON=0: disables both auto-convergence and auto-speedup (default). TRCON=-1: same as TRCON=0.Controlling Input35Input and Output OptionsINTERP ITRPRT MCBRIEF = x MEASFAIL Limits output for post-analysis tools, such as Cadence or Zuken to only .TRAN timestep intervals. Prints output variables, at their internal timepoints. Controls how HSPICE outputs Monte Carlo parameters. If MEASFAIL=0, outputs 0 into the .mt#, .ms#, or .ma# file, and prints failed to the listing file. If MEASFAIL=1 (default), prints failed into the .mt#, .ms#, or .ma# file, and into the listing file. MEASFILE = x If MEASFILE=0, outputs measure information to several files. If MEASFILE=1 (default), outputs measure information to a single file. MEASSORT PUTMEAS UNWRAP This option is no longer necessary and is ignored. Controls the output variables, listed in the .MEASURE statement. Default = 1. Displays phase results from AC analysis in unwrapped form (continuous phase plot).AC Control OptionsABSH=x ACOUT Sets the absolute current change, through voltagedefined branches (voltage sources and inductors). AC output calculation method for the difference in values of magnitude, phase, and decibels for prints and plots. Sets the maximum iteration-to-iteration current change, through voltage-defined branches (voltage sources and inductors). Sets the maximum current, through voltage-defined branches (voltage sources and inductors). Relative current tolerance, through voltage-defined branches (voltage sources and inductors). Displays phase results from AC analysis in unwrapped form (continuous phase plot).DI=xMAXAMP = x RELH = x UNWRAPCommon Model Interface OptionsCMIFLAG CUSTCMI=x Controls loading of the CMI library. Controls gate tunneling current modeling and addition}