大学英语基础教程4部分4

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3秒自动关闭窗口小学英语基础时态4种
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小学英语基础时态4种
一、一般现在时
  一般现在时基本用法介绍
    【No. 1】一般现在时的功能
    1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。
    2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。
    3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。
    一般现在时的构成
    1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。
    2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:
    We study English.我们学习英语。
    当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。
&&&&&&& 如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
    一般现在时的变化
    1. be动词的变化。
    否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。
    如:He is not a worker.他不是工人。
    一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。
    如:-Are you a student?
      -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.
    特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:Where is my bike?
    2.行为动词的变化。
    否定句:主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。如:
    I don't like bread.
    当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:
    He doesn't often play.
    一般疑问句:Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。如:
    - Do you often play football?
    - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
    当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:
    - Does she go to work by bike?
    - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.
    特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:How does your father go to work?
动词+s的变化规则
  1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks
  2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes
  3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies
  一般现在时用法专练:
  一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
  drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________
  look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____
  come________&& watch______ plant_______ fly ________
  study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______
  二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。
  1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.
  2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.
  3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.
  4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.
  5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?
  6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?
  7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?
  8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.
  9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.
  10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.
  11. Mike _______(like) cooking.
  12. They _______(have) the same hobby.
  13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.
  14. You always _______(do) your homework well.
  15. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.
  16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.
  17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.
  18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.
  19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.
  20. -What day _______(be) it today?
  - It’s Saturday.
  三、按照要求改写句子
  1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)
  ___________________________________________________
  2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
  ________________________________________________________
  ____________________________
  3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答)
  _______________________________________________________
  ____________________________
  4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
  ________________________________________________________
  ____________________________________
  5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)
  _______________________________________________________
  6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)
  ___________________________________________________
  7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)
  ________________________________________________________
  8. John comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)
  ___________________________________________________
  9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)
  ________________________________________________________
  ________________________________
  10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改为否定句)
  ___________________________________________________
  五、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)
  1. Is your brother speak English?&&&&& __________________
  2. Does he likes going fishing?&&&&&&&&& __________________
  3. He likes play games after class.&&&&& __________________
  4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.&&&&&&&&&&&& __________________
  5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _________________
二、现在进行时
  1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
  2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.
  3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。
  4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。
  5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:
  疑问词不达意 + be + 主语 + 动词ing?
  && 但疑问词当主语时其结构为:
  &&& 疑问词不达意 + be + 动词ing?动词加ing的变化规则
  1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking
  2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting
  3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping
  现在进行时专项练习:
  一、写出下列动词的现在分词:
  play________ run__________ swim _________make__________
  go_________ like________&& write________ _ski___________
  read________ have_________ sing&& ________ dance_________
  put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________
  live_______ take_________ come ________&& get_________
  stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________
  二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:
  1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.
  2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .
  3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food&& now.
  4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
  5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .
  6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.
  7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .
  8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.
  && 9. It’s&& 5&& o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now
  10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .
  三、句型转换:
  1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)
  _____________________________________________________________
  _____________________________________________________________
  2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)
    3.I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)
  _________________________________________________________________
  4.Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)
&& 三、将来时
&& 一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。
  二、基本结构:①be going to + do;
  ②will+ do.
  三、否定句:在be动词(am, is, are)l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。
  例如:I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.
  四、一般疑问句: be或will提到句首,some改为any, and改为or,第一二人称互换。
  例如:We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend?
  五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。
  1. 问人。Who 例如:I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon.
  2. 问干什么。What … do.例如: My father is going to watch a race with me this
  afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon.
  3. 问什么时候。When.例如:She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed?
  六、同义句:be going to = will
  I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.
  填空。
  1.&& 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。
  I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.
  I ________ have a picnic with my friends.
  2.&& 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。
  What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?
  I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.
  What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.
  3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗?是,她要去买一些水果。
  _____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?
  Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.
  4. 你们打算什么时候见面。
  What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?
  改句子。
  5. Nancy is going to go camping.(改否定)
  Nancy ________ going to go camping.
  6. I’ll go and join them.(改否定)
  I _______ go ______ join them.
  7. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)
  ________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?
  8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑问句)
  _______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30.
  9. She is going to listen to music after school.(对划线部分提问)
  ________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school?
  10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.(同上)
  _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.
  用所给词的适当形式填空。
  11. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.
  12. My brother _______________ (go) to Shanghai next week.
  13. Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.
  14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?
  15. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.
  16. What ___________ (d0) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (milk) cows.
  17. Mary ____________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.
  18. Liu Tao ____________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.
  19. David ______________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.
  20. I ________________ (plan) for my study now.
四、一般过去时
  1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
  2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:
  ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn’t)
  ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren’t)
  ⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。
  3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子
  && 否定句:didn’t +动词原形,如:Jim didn’t go home yesterday.
  && 一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。
  如:Did Jim go home yesterday?
  && 特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?
  如: What did Jim do yesterday?
  ⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?
  如:Who went to home yesterday?
  动词过去式变化规则:
  1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked
  2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted
  3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped
  4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i, 再加-ed,如:study-studied
  过去时练习
  写出下列动词的过去式
  is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________
  drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________
  does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____
  taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______
  throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do&& ________
  Be动词的过去时练习(1)
  一、 用be动词的适当形式填空
  1. I _______ at school just now.
  2. He ________ at the camp last week.
  3. We ________ students two years ago.
  4. They ________ on the farm a moment ago.
  5. Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.
  6. There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.
  7. There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.
  8. The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.
  二、 句型转换
  1. It was exciting.
  否定句:________________________________________________
  一般疑问句:____________________________________________
  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
  2. All the students were very excited.
  && 否定句:________________________________________________
  一般疑问句:____________________________________________
  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
  3. They were in his pocket.
  && 否定句:________________________________________________
  一般疑问句:____________________________________________
  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________行为动词的过去时练习(1)
  一、用行为动词的适当形式填空
  1. He _________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago.
  2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.
  3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.
  4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.
  5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.
  6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.
  7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.
  8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.
  二、句型转换
  1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.
  && 否定句:________________________________________________
  一般疑问句:____________________________________________
  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
  2. Nancy went to school early.
  && 否定句:________________________________________________
  一般疑问句:____________________________________________
  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
  3. We sang some English songs.
  && 否定句:________________________________________________
  一般疑问句:____________________________________________
  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
  行为动词的过去时练习(2)
  Name ____________ No. ______ Date __________
  一、用be动词的适当形式填空
  1. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.
  2. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night.
  3. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go)
  4. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?
  5. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______.
  6. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.
  7. I ____________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______.
  8. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly.
  二、句型转换
  1. They played football in the playground.
  && 否定句:________________________________________________
  一般疑问句:____________________________________________
  肯、否定回答:__________________________________________
  三、中译英
  1. 格林先生去年住在中国。
  2. 昨天我们参观了农场。
  3. 他刚才在找他的手机。
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