revivals是什么意思_汉语大词典 cidian.wenku1.com
revivals是什么意思
Is there any chance that Cardus's criticism will enjoy a revival里面的enjoy翻译成什么可以把 enjoy a revival看作一个动宾词组，意思是复兴，翻译时可以灵活。本句意思： Cardus 的评论有没有机会重新流行？
New Grass Revival的《Angel Eyes》 歌词歌曲名:Angel Eyes歌手:New Grass Revival专辑:Best Of New Grass RevivalAngel EyesShe blinded me with her lightIt's such a beautiful sightThe way she moves like an angelShe's got me walking on airAngel eyesRays of hope that hypnotiseThey're a blessing in disguiseLightning up my lifeWe can playin our secret hideawayWe can go there everydayTime is on our sideChorus: She blinded me with her lightIt's such a beautiful sightThe way she moves like an angelShe's got me walking on airAngel eyesThere will be no compromisenow that I have realisedwhat they mean to meOh year...Chorus: She blinded me with her lightIt's such a beautiful sightThe way she moves like an angelShe's got me walking on airShe brought heaven to mejust like a symphonyThe way she talks like an angelA language out of this worldI'm not a superstitious mindnot the spiritual kindBut she became a revalation to meShe made me believeChorus: She blinded me with her lightIt's such a beautiful sightThe way she moves like an angelShe's got me walking on airShe brought heaven to mejust like a symphonyThe way she talks like an angelA language out of this worldOutro:She's the sun that makes the rainbowShe's the blue sky when it's cloudy in my mindShe's the thunder, she's the lightningShe's the weather that keeps blowing troughout timeShe's the sun that makes the rainbowShe's the blue sky when it's cloudy in my mind(Music: Jascha Richter and Remee. Words: Ashley Mulford)[link:http://music.baidu.com/song/3455402]
droodles任务是什么有人竟然直接复制粘贴我整理好的东西，再加上一些与问题无关的内容，使自己的回答显得完整。真是无耻。我又添加了一些翻译，有很多没有找到官方翻译，见谅。鄙视这种纯粹窃取的行为。Kiss Me, Kate （1949）South Pacific （1950）Guys and Dolls （1951）The King and I （1952）Wonderful Town （1953）Kismet （1954）The Pajama Game （1955）Damn Yankees （1956）My Fair Lady （1957）The Music Man （1958）Redhead （1959）The Sound of Music / Fiorello! （1960）Bye Bye Birdie （1961）How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying （1962）A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum （1963）Hello, Dolly! （1964）Fiddler on the Roof （1965）Man of La Mancha （1966）Cabaret （1967）Hallelujah, Baby! （1968）1776 （1969）Company （1971）Two Gentlemen of Verona （1972）A Little Night Music （1973）Raisin （1974）The Wiz （1975）A Chorus Line （1976）Annie （1977）At M （1978）Sweeney Todd （1979）Evita （1980）1981outstanding Play:AmadeusOutstanding Musical: 42nd Street1982outstanding Play:The Life And Adventures of Nicholas NicklebyOutstanding Musical: Nine1983utstanding Play:Torch Song TrilogyOutstanding Musical: Cats1984Outstanding play:The Real ThingOutstanding Musical: La Cage Aux Folles1985outstanding Play:Biloxi BluesOutstanding Musical: Big River1986Best Play:I;m not rappaportBest Musical:The Mystery of Edwin DroodReproduction of A Paly or Musical(最佳话剧;音乐剧重推）: Sweet Charity1987Best Play:FencesBest Musical: Les MiserablesReproduction of A Paly or Musical:All My Sons1988Best Play:M.ButterflyBest Musical: The Phantom of the OperaBest Revival: Anything Goes1989Best Play:The Heidi ChroniclesBest Musical: Jerome R BroadwayBest Revival: Our Town1990Best Play:The Grapes of WrathBest Musical: City of AngelsBest Revival: Gypsy1991Best Play:Lost in YonkersBest Musical: The Will Rogers FolliesBest Revival: Fiddler on The Roof（屋顶上的小提琴家）1992Best Play:Dancing at LughnasaBest Musical: Crazy For YouBest Revival: Guys and Dolls1993Best Play:Angels in AmericaBest Musical: Kiss of The Spider Woman（蜘蛛女之吻）Best Revival: Anna Christie1994Best Play:Angels in America-PerestroikaBest Musical: PassionBest Revival of A Play（最佳话剧重推）: An Inspector CallsBest Revival of A Musical（最佳音乐剧重推）: Carousel1995Best Play:Love!Valour!Compassion!Best Musical: Sunset BoulevardBest Revival of A Play: The HeiressBest Revival of A Musical: Show Boat1996Best Play:Master ClassBest Musical: RentBest Revival of A Play: A Delicate BalanceBest Revival of A Musical: The King And I1997Best Play:The Last Night of Ballyhoo巴利胡最后之夜Best Musical: Titanic 泰坦尼克号Best Revival of A Play: A Ds House 小家家Best Revival of A Musical: Chicago (芝加哥）1998Best Play:Art 艺术Best Musical: The Lion King 狮子王Best Revival of A Play: A View from The Bridge 桥上的风景Best Revival of A Musical: Cabaret 歌舞酒店1999Best Play:Side Man 边缘人Best Musical: Fosse! （深渊）Best Revival of A Play: Death of A Salesman（推销员之死）Best Revival of A Musical: Annie Get Your Gun 安妮拿起你的枪2000Best Play:Copenhagen哥本哈根Best Musical: Contact 接触Best Revival of Play: The Real Thing 真实的事情Best Revival of Musical: Kiss Me, Kate 凯特吻我2001Best Play:Proof 《证据》Best Musical: The Producers 《制片人》Best Revival of a Play:One Flew Over the Cs Nest 飞过布谷鸟巢的人Best Revival of a Musical:42nd Street（42街）2002(56届）Best Play:The Goat or Who Is Sylvia?（谁是替罪羊 谁是西尔维亚）Best Musical:Thoroughly Modern MillieBest Revival of a Play：Private LivesBest Revival of a Musical:Into the Woods2003(57届）Best Play: Take Me Out（让我出列）Best Musical:Hairspray(发胶---有的翻译为长发飘飘)首演时间：故事梗概：故事发生在1962年的巴尔的摩市，特雷西（Tracy Turnblad），一个长发少女，为实现自己的梦想－－跳舞而努力。她在一个电视现场舞会中依据夺魁，从一个默默无闻的小人物成为明星，她的生活也发生了许多改变……Best Revival of a Play:Long Day’s Journey Into Night（长夜漫漫路迢迢）Best Revival of a Musical:Nine2004Best Play:I Am My Own Wife（Author: Doug Wright）（我是自己的老婆）Best Musical:Avenue QBest Revival of a Play:Henry IVBest Revival of a Musical:Assassins2005Best Play :Doubt (《怀疑》2005年普利策奖,John Patrick Shanley导演)Best Musical：Monty Ps Spamalot(《火腿骑士》)Revival (Play):Glengarry Glen RossRevival (Musical): La Cage aux Folles2006(第60届)Best play :The History Boys(历史系男生)Author: Alan BennettBest Revival of a Play:Awake and Sing!(醒来歌唱)Musical:Jersey BoysRevival (Musical): The Pajama Game2007年(第61届)Best Play :The Coast of Utopia《乌托邦之岸》长达近九个小时、反映19世纪中叶俄罗斯知识分子境遇的话剧《乌托邦之岸》三部曲荣获最佳话剧、话剧类最佳导演、话剧类最佳男配角和女配角等七个奖项。Best Musical：Spring Awakening根据Frank Wedekind在1891创作的戏剧改编,描写19世纪末德国少男少女青涩年华的摇滚音乐剧《春之苏醒》独揽最佳音乐剧、音乐剧类最佳剧本、最佳词曲创作和音乐剧类最佳导演等8个奖项。
were of the same huenoisy cells of the men's wardThe Civil Rights Movement in the United States has been a long, primarily nonviolent struggle to bring full civil rights and equality under the law to all Americans. The movement has had a lasting impact on United States society, in its tactics, the increased social and legal acceptance of civil rights, and in its exposure of the prevalence and cost of racism. The American Civil Rights movement has been made up of many movements. The term usually refers to the political struggles and reform movements between 1945 and 1970 to end discrimination against African Americans and to end legal racial segregation, especially in the U.S. South. This article focuses on an earlier phase of the struggle. Two United States Supreme Court decisions—Plessy v. Ferguson, 163 U.S. 537 (1896), which upheld "separate but equal" racial segregation as constitutional doctrine, and Brown v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954) which overturned Plessy— serve as milestones. This was an era of stops and starts, in which some movements, such as Marcus Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement Association, achieved great success but left little lasting legacy, while others, such as the NAACP's painstaking legal assault on state-sponsored segregation, achieved modest results in its early years but made steady progress on voter rights and gradually built to a key victory in Brown v. Board of Education. After the Civil War, the U. S. expanded the legal rights of African Americans. Congress passed, and enough states ratified, an amendment ending slavery in 1865—the 13th Amendment to the United States Constitution. This amendment o it did not provide equal rights, nor citizenship. In 1868, the 14th Amendment was ratified by the states, granting African Americans citizenship. Black persons born in the U. S. were extended equal protection under the laws of the Constitution. The 15th Amendment was ratified in (1870), which stated that race could not be used as a condition to deprive men of the ability to vote. During Reconstruction (), Northern troops occupied the South. Together with the Freedmen's Bureau, they tried to administer and enforce the new constitutional amendments. Many black leaders were elected to local and state offices, and others organized community groups. Reconstruction ended following the Compromise of 1877 between Northern and Southern white elites. In exchange for deciding the contentious Presidential election in favor of Rutherford B. Hayes, supported by Northern states, over his opponent, Samuel J. Tilden, the compromise called for the withdrawal of Northern troops from the South. This followed violence and fraud in southern elections in 1876, which had reduced black voter turnout and enabled Southern white Democrats to regain power in state legislatures across the South. The compromise and withdrawal of Federal troops meant that white Democrats had more freedom to impose and enforce discriminatory practices. Many African Americans responded to the withdrawal of federal troops by leaving the South in what is known as the Kansas Exodus of 1879. The Radical Republicans, who spearheaded Reconstruction, had attempted to eliminate both governmental and private discrimination by legislation. That effort was largely ended by the Supreme Court's decision in the Civil Rights Cases, 109 U.S. 3 (1883), in which the Court held that the Fourteenth Amendment did not give Congress power to outlaw racial discrimination by private individuals or businesses. Segregation The Supreme Court's decision in Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) upheld state-mandated discrimination in public transportation under the "separate but equal" doctrine. While in the 20th century, the Supreme Court began to overturn state statutes that disfranchised African Americans, as in Guinn v. United States (1915), with Plessy, it upheld segregation that Southern states enforced in nearly every other sphere of public and private life. As Justice Harlan, the only member of the Court to dissent from the decision, predicted: If a state can prescribe, as a rule of civil conduct, that whites and blacks shall not travel as passengers in the same railroad coach, why may it not so regulate the use of the streets of its cities and towns as to compel white citizens to keep on one side of a street, and black citizens to keep on the other? Why may it not, upon like grounds, punish whites and blacks who ride together in street cars or in open vehicles on a public road or street? . . . . The Court soon extended Plessy to uphold segregated schools. In Berea College v. Kentucky, 211 U.S. 45 (1908), the Court upheld a Kentucky statute that barred Berea College, a private institution, from teaching both black and white students in an integrated setting. Many states, particularly in the South, took Plessy and Berea as blanket approval for restrictive laws, generally known as Jim Crow laws, that created second-class status for African-Americans. In many cities and towns, African-Americans were not allowed to share a taxi with whites or enter a building through the same entrance. They had to drink from separate water fountains, use separate restrooms, attend separate schools, be buried in separate cemeteries and even swear on separate Bibles. They were excluded from restaurants and public libraries. Many parks barred them with signs that read "Negroes and dogs not allowed." One municipal zoo went so far as to list separate visiting hours. The etiquette of racial segregation was even harsher, particularly in the South. African Americans were expected to step aside to let a white person pass, and black men dared not look any white woman in the eye. Black men and women were addressed as "Tom" or "Jane", but rarely as "Mr." or "Miss" or "Mrs." Whites referred to black men of any age as "boy" and a black woman as "girl"; both often were called by labels such as "nigger" or "colored." Less formal social segregation in the North began to yield to change. Jackie Robinson’s Major League Baseball debut, 1947 Jackie Robinson was a sports pioneer of the Civil Rights Movement. Jackie Robinson is most well known for becoming the first African American to play professional sports in the major leagues. He is not often recognized as one of earliest public figures in the Civil Rights Movement. He debuted with the Brooklyn Dodgers of Major League Baseball on April 15, 1947. Jackie Robinson's first major league game came one year before the U.S. Army was integrated, seven years before Brown v. Board of Education, eight years before Rosa Parks, and before Martin Luther King Jr. was leading the Civil Rights Movement. Jackie Robinson stepped into the spotlight before many of the most notable people in the Civil Rights Movement history. Every day he played, he was an example and role model for countless children and youths. Disfranchisement Main article: Disfranchisement after the Civil War By the turn of the century, white-dominated Southern legislatures disfranchised nearly all age-eligible African American voters through a combination of statute and constitutional provisions. While requirements applied to all citizens, in practice, they were targeted at blacks and poor whites, and subjectively administered. In addition, opponents of black civil rights used economic reprisals and sometimes violence in the 1880s to discourage blacks from registering to vote. Mississippi was the first state to have such constitutional provisions, such as poll taxes, literacy tests (which depended on subjective by white registrars), and complicated record keeping to establish residency, litigated before the Supreme Court. In 1898 the Court upheld the state, in Williams v. Mississippi. Other Southern states quickly adopted the "Mississippi plan", and from , ten states adopted new constitutions with provisions to disfranchise most blacks and many poor whites. States continued to disfranchise these groups for decades. Blacks were most adversely affected, as in many states black voter turnout dropped to zero. Poor whites were also disfranchised. In Alabama, for instance, by 0 poor whites had been disfranchised, and 520,000 blacks.[1] It was not until the 20th century that litigation by African Americans on such provisions began to meet some success before the Supreme Court. In 1915 in Guinn v. United States, the Court declared Oklahoma's "grandfather law", to be unconstitutional. Although the decision affected all states that used the grandfather clause, state legislatures quickly devised new devices to continue disfranchisement. Each provision or statute had to be litigated separately. One device the Democratic Party began to use more widely in Southern states was the white primary, which served for decades to disfranchise the few blacks who managed to get past barriers of voter registration. Barring blacks from voting in the Democratic Party primaries meant they had no chance to vote in the only competitive contests. White primaries were not struck down by the Supreme Court until Smith v. Allwright in 1944. Criminal law and lynching In 1880, the United States Supreme Court ruled in Strauder v. West Virginia, 100 U.S. 303 (1880) that African Americans could not be excluded from juries. The late 19th century disfranchisement of blacks in the South, however, meant that blacks were routinely barred from jury service, as it was reserved for voters only. This left them at the mercy of a white justice system arrayed against them. In some states, particularly Alabama, the state used the criminal justice system to reestablish a form of peonage in the form of the convict-lease system. The state sentenced black males to years of imprisonment, which they spent working without pay. The state leased prisoners to private employers, such as Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company, a subsidiary of United States Steel Corporation, which paid the state for their labor. Because the state made money, the system created incentives for the jailing of more men, who were disproportionately black. It also created a system in which treatment of prisoners received little oversight. Extra-judicial punishment was even more brutal. During the last decade of the 19th century and the first decades of the 20th century, white vigilantes lynched thousands of black males, sometimes with the overt assistance of state officials, mostly within the South. No whites were charged with crimes in any of those massacres. Whites were, in fact, so confident of their immunity from prosecution for lynching that they not only photographed the victims, but made postcards out of the pictures. The Ku Klux Klan, which had largely disappeared after a brief violent career in the early years of Reconstruction, reappeared in 1915. It grew mostly in industrializing cities of the South and Midwest that underwent the most rapid growth from . Social instability contributed to racial tensions from severe competition for jobs and housing. People joined KKK groups who were anxious about their place in American society, as cities were rapidly changed by a combination of industrialization, migration of blacks and whites from the rural South, and waves of increased immigration from mostly rural southern and eastern Europe.[2] Initially the KKK presented itself as another fraternal organization devoted to betterment of its members. The KKK's revival was inspired in part by the movie Birth of a Nation, which glorified the earlier Klan and dramatized the racist stereotypes concerning blacks of that era. The Klan focused on political mobilization, which allowed it to gain power in states such as Indiana, on a platform that combined racism with anti-immigrant, anti-Semitic, anti-Catholic and anti-union rhetoric, but also supported lynching. It reached its peak of membership and influence about 1925, declining rapidly afterward as opponents mobilized.[3] Segregated economic life and education In addition to excluding blacks from equal participation in many areas of public life, white society also kept blacks in a position of economic subservience or marginality. After widespread losses from disease and financial failures in the late 19th c., black farmers in the South worked in virtual economic bondage as sharecroppers or tenant farmers. Employers and labor unions generally restricted African Americans to the worst paid and least desirable jobs. Because of the lack of steady, well-paid jobs, relatively undistinguished positions, such as those with the Pullman Porter or as hotel doorman, became prestigious positions in black communities. The Jim Crow system that excluded African-Americans from many areas of economic life led to creation of a vigorous, but stunted economic life within the segregated sphere. Black newspapers sprang up throughout the North, while black owners of insurance and funeral establishments acquired disproportionate influence as both economic and political leaders. Continuing to see education as the primary route of advancement and critical for the race, many talented blacks went into teaching, which had high respect as a profession. Segregated schools for blacks were underfunded in the South and ran on shortened schedules in rural areas. Despite segregation in Washington, DC, by contrast, as Federal employees, black and white teachers were paid on the same scale. Outstanding black teachers in the North received advanced degrees and taught in highly regarded schools, which trained the next generation of leaders in cities such as Chicago, Washington, and New York. Education, in fact, was one of the major achievements of the black community in the 19th century. Blacks in Reconstruction governments had supported the establishment of public education in every Southern state. Despite the difficulties, with the enormous eagerness of freedmen for education, by 1900 the African-American community had trained and put to work 30,000 African-American teachers in the South. In addition, a majority of the black population had achieved literacy.[4] Not all the teachers had a full 4-year college degree in those years, but the shorter terms of normal schools were part of the system of teacher training in both the North and the South to serve the many new communities across the frontier. African American teachers got many children and adults started on education. Northern alliances had helped fund normal schools and colleges to teach African American teachers, as well as create other professional classes. African Americans reached out for education at these historically black colleges and universities (HBCUs). After the turn of the century, black men and women began to found their own fraternities and sororities to create networks for lifelong service and collaboration. These were part of the new organizations that strengthened community life. The Black church As the center of community life, Black churches held a leadership role in the Civil Rights Movement. Their history as a focal point for the Black community and as a link between the Black and White worlds made them natural for this purpose. Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. was but one of many notable Black ministers involved in the movement. Ralph David Abernathy, Bernard Lee, Fred Shuttlesworth, and C.T. Vivian are among the many notable minister-activists.[5] They were especially important during the later years of the movement in the 1950s and 1960s. The Niagara Movement and the founding of the NAACP At the turn of the century, Booker T. Washington was regarded, particularly by the white community, as the foremost spokesman for African-Americans in the U. S. Washington, who led the Tuskegee Institute, preached a message of self-reliance. He urged blacks to concentrate on improving their economic position rather than demanding social equality until they had proved that they "deserved" it. Publicly, he accepted the continuation of Jim Crow and segregation in the short term, but privately helped to fund court cases challenging the laws. W.E.B. Du Bois and others in the black community rejected Washington's apology for segregation. One of his close associates, Monroe Trotter, was arrested after challenging Washington when he came to deliver a speech in Boston in 1905. Later that year Du Bois and Trotter convened a meeting of black activists on the Canadian side of the river at Niagara Falls. They issued a manifesto calling for universal manhood suffrage, elimination of all forms of racial segregation and extension of education—not limited to the vocational education that Washington emphasized—on a nondiscriminatory basis. Du Bois joined with other black leaders and Jewish activists, such as Henry Moskowitz, Julius Rosenthal, Lillian Wald, Rabbi Emil G. Hirsch, and Stephen Wise to create the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909. W.E.B. Du Bois also became editor of its magazine The Crisis. In its early years, the NAACP concentrated on using the courts to attack Jim Crow laws and disfranchising constitutional provisions. It successfully challenged the Louisville, Kentucky ordinance that required residential segregation in Buchanan v. Warley, 245 U.S. 60 (1917). It also gained a Supreme Court ruling striking down Oklahoma's "grandfather clause" that exempted most illiterate white voters from a law that disenfranchised African-American citizens in Guinn v. United States (1915). The NAACP lobbied against President Wilson's introduction of racial segregation into Federal government employment and offices in 1913. They lobbied for commissioning of African Americans as officers in World War I. In 1915 the NAACP organized public education and protests in cities across the nation against D.W. Griffith's silent film Birth of a Nation, a film that glamorized the Ku Klux Klan. Some cities refused to allow the film to open.如果答案对您有用，请及时采纳，谢谢~
英语保护古建筑的理由Six Practical Reasons to Save Old Buildings1. Old buildings have intrinsic value.Buildings of a certain era, namely pre-World War II, tend to be built with higher-quality materials such as rare hardwoods (especially heart pine) and wood from old-growth forests that no longer exist.Prewar buildings were also built by different standards. A century-old building might be a better long-term bet than its brand-new counterparts. 2. When you tear down an old building, you never know what’s being destroyed.A decade ago, the Daylight Building in Knoxville was a vacant eyesore. A developer purchased the property with plans to demolish the building to make way for new construction.However, following multiple failed deals to demolish the building, the Daylight went back on the market. Dewhirst Properties bought it and began renovations only to discover the building’s hidden gems: drop-ceilings made with heart-pine wood, a large clerestory, a front awning adorned with unusual tinted “opalescent” glass, and a facade lined with bright copper.Beyond surviving demolition and revealing a treasure trove of details, the Daylight reminds us that even eyesores can be valuable for a community’s future.3. New businesses prefer old buildings.In 1961, urban activist Jane Jacobs startled city planners with The Death and Life of Great American Cities, in which Jacobs discussed economic advantages that certain types of businesses have when located in older buildings.Jacobs asserted that new buildings make sense for major chain stores, but other businesses–-such as bookstores, ethnic restaurants, antique stores, neighborhood pubs, and especially small start-ups―thrive in old buildings.“As for really new ideas of any kind―no matter how ultimately profitable or otherwise successful some of them might prove to be―there is no leeway for such chancy trial, error, and experimentation in the high-overhead economy of new construction,” she wrote. “Old ideas can sometimes use new buildings. New ideas must use old buildings.” 4. Old buildings attract people.Is it the warmth of thematerials, the heart pine, marble, or old brick―or the resonance of other people, other activities? Maybe older buildings are just more interesting.The different levels, the vestiges of other uses, the awkward corners, the mixtures of styles, they’re at least something to talk about. America’s downtown revivals suggest that people like old buildings. Whether the feeling is patriotic, homey, warm, or reassuring, older architecture tends to fit the bill.Regardless of how they actually spend their lives, Americans prefer to picture themselves living around old buildings. Some eyes glaze over when preservationists talk about "historic building stock," but what they really mean is a community's inventory of old buildings ready to fulfill new uses.5. Old buildings are reminders of a city’s culture and complexity.By seeing historic buildings―whether related to something famous or recognizably dramatic―tourists and longtime residents are able to witness the aesthetic and cultural history of an area. Just as banks prefer to build stately, old-fashioned facades, even when located in commercial malls, a city needs old buildings to maintain a sense of permanency and heritage.6. Regret goes only one way.The preservation of historic buildings is a one-way street. There is no chance to renovate or to save a historic site once it’s gone. And we can never be certain what will be valued in the future. This reality brings to light the importance of locating and saving buildings of historic significance―because once a piece of history is destroyed, it is lost forever.
美国人别名叫yank/yankee的来历或是历史，中文英文都可以，最好是英语。谢谢YankeeFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaThe term Yankee, sometimes abbreviated to Yank, has a few related meanings, often referring to someone of Northern U.S. origin or heritage. Within the United States its meaning has varied over time. Originally the term referred to residents of New England as used by Mark Twain in A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court. During and after the American Civil War its meaning expanded to include any Northerner or resident of the states formerly on the Union side of the war, and included anyone from the Northeast (New England, Mid-Atlantic, and upper Great Lakes states). After the Civil War the term gradually reverted to its earlier meaning of New Englander,[1] although Southerners often continue to use the extended meaning.Outside the United States, Yank or Yankee is a slang term, sometimes derogatory, for any U.S. citizen.Origins and history of the wordThe origins of the term are uncertain, although there are many speculative suggestions.Hastings of Cambridge, Massachusetts, was attributed around 1713 to regularly using the word as a superlative, generally in the sense of excellent.[2]In 1758 British General James Wolfe referred to the New England soldiers under his command as Yankees: "I can afford you two companies of Yankees."[3] Later the term as used by the British was often derogatory, as shown by the cartoon from 1775 ridiculing Yankee soldiers.[3] The "Yankee and Pennamite" war was a series of clashes that occurred in 1769 over land titles in Pennsylvania, in which "Yankee" meant the Connecticut claimants.One of the earliest theories on the word's origin is that it derives from the Cherokee word eankke, meaning coward, as applied to the residents of New England.It also may come from a northeastern Native American approximation of the words English and anglais. One school of thought is that the word is a borrowing from the Wendat (called Huron by the French) pronunciation of the French l'anglais (meaning the English), sounded as "Y'an-gee". During the French and Indian War the word would have been widely used among many Native Americans in the British colonies to refer to white settlers in Upstate New York, throughout New England, and other areas west of the Hudson Valley. Later arrivals to the region then adopted the term with the pronunciation evolving to "Yankee".[2] This notion has been rejected by some linguists.[3]Loyalist newspaper cartoon from Boston 1776 ridicules "Yankie Doodles" militia who have encircled the cityThe most plausible derivation is from the Dutch first names "Jan" and "Kees." "Jan" and "Kees" were and still are common Dutch first names, and also common Dutch given names or nicknames. In many instances both names (Jan-Kees) are also used as a single first name in the Netherlands. The word Yankee in this sense would be used as a form of contempt, applied derisively to Dutch or English settlers in the New England states.[2]Another speculation suggests the Dutch form was Jan Kaas, "John Cheese", from the prevalence of dairy farming among the Dutch, but this seems far-fetched.[citation needed]Michael Quinion and Patrick Hanks argue[4] that the term refers to the Dutch nickname and surname Janneke (from "Jan" and the diminutive "-ke", meaning "Little John" or Johnny in dutch), anglicized to Yanke (the "J" is pronounced "Y" in Dutch) and "used as a nickname for a Dutch-speaking American in colonial times". By extension, the term grew to include non-Dutch colonists as well.Another possible explanation is that the name "Kees", normally an abbreviation for "Cornelius" in Dutch, also means a monkey or baboon. This usage is still in use in Afrikaans. This means that that the origin of "Yankee" is "Jan Kees" or "John Baboon."One influence on the use of the term throughout the years has been the song Yankee Doodle, which was popular at the time of the American Revolutionary War (). Following the Battle of Concord, it was broadly adopted by Americans and today is the state song of Connecticut.An early use of the term outside the United States was in the creation of Sam Slick, the "Yankee Clockmaker", in a column in a newspaper in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, in 1835. The character was a plain-talking U.S. citizen who served to poke fun at Nova Scotian customs of that era, while trying to urge the old-fashioned Canadians to be as clever and hard-working as the Yankees.The "damned Yankee" usage dates from 1812.[3] During and after the American Civil War () Confederates popularized it as a derogatory term for their Northern enemies.Yankee cultural historyThe term Yankee now means residents of New England (and possibly the Northeast US), of English ancestry, although that was not the original definition. (See origin of the term above). The Yankees diffused widely across the northern United States, leaving their imprint in New York, the upper Midwest, and places as far away as Seattle, San Francisco and Honolulu. [5] Yankees typically lived in villages (rather than separate farms), which fostered local democr stimulated mutual oversight of moral behavior and emphasized civic virtue. From New England seaports like Boston, Salem, Providence and New London, the Yankees built an international trade, stretching to China by 1800. Much of the merchant profits were reinvested in the textile and machine tools industries.In religion New England Yankees originally followed the Puritan tradition as expressed in Congregational churches, but after 1750 many became Episcopalians, Methodists, Baptists or Unitarians. Straight-laced 17th century moralism as described by novelist Nathaniel Hawthorne faded in the 18th century. The First Great Awakening (under Jonathan Edwards) in the mid-18th century and the Second Great Awakening in the early 19th century (under Charles Grandison Finney) emphasized personal piety, revivals, and devotion to civic duty. Theologically Arminianism replaced the original Calvinism. Horace Bushnell introduced the idea of Christian nurture, whereby children would be brought to religion without revivals.After 1800 the Yankees (along with the Quakers) spearheaded most reform movements, including abolition, temperance, women's rights and women's education. Emma Willard and Mary Lyon pioneered in the higher education of women, while Yankees comprised most of the reformers who went South during Reconstruction in the 1860s to educate the Freedmen.Politically, the Yankees, who dominated New England, much of upstate New York, and much of the upper Midwest, were the strongest supporters of the new Republican party in the 1860s. This was especially true for the Congregationalists and Presbyterians among them and (after 1860), the Methodists. A study of 65 predominantly Yankee counties showed they voted only 40% for the Whigs in 1848 and 1852, but became 61–65% Republican in presidential elections of 1856 through 1864. [6]The Ivy League universities and "Little Ivies" liberal arts colleges, particularly Harvard and Yale, remained bastions of old Yankee culture until well after World War II.President Calvin Coolidge was a striking example of the Yankee type. Coolidge moved from rural Vermont to urban Massachusetts, and was educated at Amherst College. Yet his flint-faced unprepossessing ways and terse rural speech proved politically attractive: "That Yankee twang will be worth a hundred thousand votes", explained one Republican leader.[7] Coolidge's laconic ways and dry humor was characteristic of stereotypical rural "Yankee humor" at the turn of the twentieth century.[8]The fictional character Thurston Howell, III, of Gilligan's Island, a graduate of Harvard University, typifies the old Yankee elite in a comical way.In the 21st century the systematic Yankee ways had permeated the entire society through education. Although many observers from the 1880s onward predicted that Yankee politicians would be no match for new generations of ethnic politicians, the presence of Yankees at the top tier of politics in the 21st century was typified by Presidents George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush, Democratic National Chairman Howard Dean and 2004 Democratic presidential nominee Senator John Forbes Kerry, descendant of the old colonial Forbes family. Barack Obama is of Yankee descent on his mother' his high school was Punahou School, founded to serve Yankee missionaries to Hawaii.Contemporary usesIn the United StatesWithin the United States, the term Yankee can have many different contextually and geographically-dependent meanings.Traditionally Yankee was most often used to refer to a New Englander (in which case it may suggest Puritanism and thrifty values), but today refers to anyone coming from a state north of the Mason-Dixon Line, with a specific focus still on New England. However, within New England itself, the term refers more specifically to old-stock New Englanders of English descent. The term WASP, in use since the 1960s, refers by definition to all Protestants of English ancestry, including Yankees and Southerners, though its meaning is often extended to refer to any Protestant white U.S. citizen.The term "Swamp Yankee" is used in rural Rhode Island, eastern Connecticut, and southeastern Massachusetts to refer to Protestant farmers of moderate means and their descendants (as opposed to upper-class Yankees).[9] Scholars note that the famous Yankee "twang" survives mainly in the hill towns of interior New England.[10] The most characteristic Yan Yankee author Harriet Beecher Stowe in her novel Oldtown Folks celebrated the social traditions surrounding the Yankee pie.In Southern United States, the term is sometimes used as a derisive term for Northerners, especially those who have migrated to the South. The more polite term is "Northerner". In an old joke, a Southerner states, "I was 21 years old before I learned that 'damn' and 'yankee' were separate words." Senator J. William Fulbright of Arkansas pointed out as late as 1966, "The very word 'Yankee' still wakens in Southern minds historical memories of defeat and humiliation, of the burning of Atlanta and Sherman’s march to the sea, or of an ancestral farmhouse burned by Cantrill’s raiders."[11]A humorous aphorism attributed to E.B. White summarizes these distinctions:To foreigners, a Yankee is an American. To Americans, a Yankee is a Northerner. To Northerners, a Yankee is an Easterner. To Easterners, a Yankee is a New Englander. To New Englanders, a Yankee is a Vermonter. And in Vermont, a Yankee is somebody who eats pie for breakfast. Another variant of the aphorism replaces the last line with: "To a Vermonter, a Yankee is somebody who still uses an outhouse." There are several other folk and humorous etymologies for the term.One of Mark Twain's most famous novels, A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court popularized the word as a nickname for residents of Connecticut.It is also the official team nickname of a Major League Baseball franchise, the New York Yankees. The New York Yankees are the most succesful franchise in the world, as well.A film about Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. was titled The Magnificent Yankee.A play on that title became the title of a book about the ball club's dynasty: The Magnificent Yankees.In other English-speaking countriesIn English-speaking countries outside the United States, especially in Australia, Canada[12], Ireland[13], New Zealand and Britain, Yankee, almost universally shortened to Yank, is used as a derogatory, playful or referential colloquial term for the U.S. citizens.In certain Commonwealth countries, notably Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, "Yank" has been in common use since at least World War II, when thousands of Americans were stationed in the UK, Australia and New Zealand. Depending on the country, "Yankee" may be considered mildly derogatory.[14]The term has evolved, through the use of rhyming slang, to the phrase "Septic Tank", or just "Septic".[15] (Yankee - Yank - Septic Tank - Septic - Seppo) in Australia. [2]In other parts of the worldIn some parts of the world, particularly in Latin American countries, and in East Asia, yankee or yanqui (phonetic Spanish spelling of the same word) is used sometimes politically associated with anti-Americanism and used in expressions such as "Yankee go home" or "we struggle against the yanqui, enemy of mankind" (words from the Sandinista anthem). In Argentina and Paraguay the term refers to someone who is from the US and is often, but not always, derogatory.[citation needed] In Venezuelan Spanish there is the word pitiyanqui, derived ca. 1940 around the Oil Industry from petty yankee, a derogatory term for those who profess an exaggerated and often ridiculous admiration for anything from the United States.In the late 19th century the Japanese were called "the Yankees of the East" in praise of their industriousness and drive to modernization.[16] In Japan since the late 1970s, the term Yankī has been used to refer to a type of delinquent youth[17]In Finland, the word jenkki (yank) is commonly used to refer to any U.S. citizen, and Jenkkil? (Yankeeland) refers to the United States itself. It isn't considered very offensive or anti-U.S., but rather a spoken language expression. [18]The variation, "Yankee Air Pirate" was used during the Vietnam War in North Vietnamese propaganda to refer to the United States Air Force.In Iceland, the word kani is used for Yankee or Yank in the mildly derogatory sense. When referring to residents of the USA, nor?urríkjama?ur or more commonly bandaríkjama?ur, is used.In Polish, the word jankes can refer to any U.S. citizen, has little pejorative connotation if at all, and its use is somewhat obscure (it is mainly used to translate the English word yankee in a not strictly formal context, e.g. in a movie about the American Civil War).In Sweden the word is translated to j?nkare. The word is not itself a negative expression, though it can of course be used as such depending on context.Joshua Slocum, in his 1899 book "Sailing Alone Around the World" in his flimsy sloop Spray, refers to Nova Scotians as being the only or true Yankees. It thus may be implied, as he himself was a Nova Scotian, that he had pride in his ancestry. "Yankee" in this instance, instead of connoting a form of derision, is theref perhaps relevant to the hardy seagoing people of the East Coast at that time.References^ [link:http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/] ^ a b c "yankee, n and a" Oxford English Dictionary [link:http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/] ^ a b c d Mathews (1951) p 1896 ^ Review of Quinion, Michael Port Out, Starboard Home ^ Mathews (1909), Holbrook (1950) ^ Kleppner p 55 ^ William Allen White, A Puritan in Babylon: The Story of Calvin Coolidge (1938) p. 122. ^ Arthur George Crandall, New England Joke Lore: The Tonic of Yankee Humor, (F.A. Davis Company, 1922). ^ Ruth Schell, "Swamp Yankee", American Speech, 1963, Volume 38, No.2 , pg. 121–123. accessed through JSTOR ^ Fisher, Albion's Seed p 62; Edward Eggleston, The Transit of Civilization from England to the U.S. in the Seventeenth Century. (1901) p. 110; Fleser (1962) ^ Fulbright's statement of March 7, 1966, quoted in Randall Bennett Woods, "Dixie's Dove: J. William Fulbright, The Vietnam War and the American South," The Journal of Southern History, Vol. 60, No. 3 (Aug., 1994), p. 548 ^ J. L. Granatstein, Yankee Go Home: Canadians and Anti-Americanism (1997) ^ Mary Pat Kelly, Home Away from Home: The Yanks in Ireland (1995) ^ John F. Turner and Edward F. Hale, eds. Yanks Are Coming: GIs in Britain in WWII (1983), ; Eli Daniel Potts, Yanks Down Under, : The American Impact on Australia (1986); Harry Bioletti, The Yanks are coming: The American invasion of New Zealand,
(1989) ^ Grantlee Kieza. "Ndou ready for cocky Seppo". The Daily Telegraphdate=. [link:http://www.news.com.au/dailytelegraph/story/0],21-.html?from=public_rss. "The American talks a good game and he can back it up. He doesn't have much punching power but he's shifty and cagey, an awkward, frustrating survivor." ^ William Eleroy Curtis, The Yankees of the East, Sketches of Modern Japan. (New York: 1896). ^ Daijirin dictionary, Yahoo! Dictionary ^ . See comments on H-South by Seppo K J Tamminen at [1]
史泰龙的《敢死队》里，结尾的时候，大伙儿一起在Tool's玩飞刀，那时候的背景音乐是什么？还有片尾曲叫什creedence clearwater revival的《born on the bayou》[link:http://www.top100.cn/audition/flplayer.html?song=jwadncbw8y5dncbogr]
米兰大教堂HistoryMilan's layout, with streets either radiating from the Duomo or circling it, reveals that the Duomo occupies the most central site in Roman Mediolanum, that of the public basilica facing the forum. Saint Ambrose's 'New Basilica' was built on this site at the beginning of the 5th century, with an adjoining basilica added in 836. When a fire damaged both buildings in 1075, they were rebuilt as the Duomo.The beginningIn 1386, Archbishop Antonio da Saluzzo began construction in a rayonnant Late Gothic style more typically French than Italian. Construction coincided with the accession to power in Milan of the archbishop's cousin Gian Galeazzo Visconti, and was meant as a reward to the noble and working classes which had been suppressed by his tyrannical Visconti predecessor Barnabò. Before actual work began, three main buildings were demolished: the palace of the Archbishop, the Ordinari Palace and the Baptistry of 'St. Stephen at the Spring', while the old church of Sta. Maria Maggiore was exploited as a stone quarry. Enthusiasm for the immense new building soon spread among the population, and the shrewd Gian Galeazzo, together with his cousin the archbishop, collected large donations for the work-in-progress. The construction program was strictly regulated under the "Fabbrica del Duomo", which had 300 employees led by first chief engineer Simone da Orsenigo. Galeazzo gave the Fabbrica exclusive use of the marble from the Candoglia quarry and exempted it from taxes.In 1389, a French chief engineer, Nicolas de Bonaventure, was appointed, adding to the church its strong Gothic imprint. Ten years later another French architect, Jean Mignot, was called from Paris to judge and improve upon the work done, as the masons needed new technical aid to lift stones to an unprecedented height. Mignot declared all the work done up till then as in pericolo di ruina ("peril of ruin"), as it had been done sine scienzia ("without science"). In the following years Mignot's forecasts proved untrue, but anyway they spurred Galeazzo's engineers to improve their instruments and techniques. Work proceeded quickly, and at the death of Gian Galeazzo in 1402, almost half the cathedral was complete. Construction, however, stalled almost totally until 1480, due to lack of money and ideas: the most notable works of this period were the tombs of Marco Carelli and Pope Martin V (1424) and the windows of the apse (1470s), of which those extant portray St. John the Evangelist, by Cristoforo de' Mottis, and Saint Eligius and San John of Damascus, both by Niccolò da Varallo. In 1452, under Francesco Sforza, the nave and the aisles were completed up to the sixth bay.In 1500 to 1510, under Ludovico Sforza, the octagonal cupola was completed, and decorated in the interior with four series of 15 statues each, portraying saints, prophets, sibyls and other characters of the Bible. The exterior long remained without any decoration, except for the Guglietto dell'Amadeo ("Amadeo's Little Spire"), constructed . This is a Renaissance masterwork which nevertheless harmonized well with the general Gothic appearance of the church.During the subsequent Spanish domination, the new church proved usable, even though the interior remained largely unfinished, and some bays of the nave and the transepts were still missing. In 1552 Giacomo Antegnati was commissioned to build a large organ for the north side of the choir, and Giuseppe Meda provided four of the sixteen pales which were to decorate the altar area (the program was completed by Federico Borromeo). In 1562, Marco d' Lopez's St. Bartholomew and the famous Trivulzio candelabrum (12th century) were added.Carlo BorromeoAfter the accession of the ambitious Carlo Borromeo to the archbishop's throne, all lay monuments were removed from the Duomo. These included the tombs of Giovanni, Barnabò and Filippo Maria Visconti, Francesco and his wife Bianca, Galeazzo Maria and Lodovico Sforza, which were brought to unknown destinations. However, Borromeo's main intervention was the appointment, in 1571, of Pellegrino Pellegrini as chief engineer— a contentious move, since to appoint Pellegrino, who was not a lay brother of the duomo, required a revision of the Fabbrica's statutes.Borromeo and Pellegrini strove for a new, Renaissance appearance for the cathedral, that would emphasise its Roman / Italian nature, and subdue the Gothic style, which was now seen as foreign. As the fa?ade still was largely incomplete, Pellegrini designed a "Roman" style one, with columns, obelisks and a large tympanum. When Pellegrini's design was revealed, a competition for the design of the facade was announced, and this elicited nearly a dozen entries, including by Antonio Barca .This design was never carried out, but the interior decoration continued: in
the presbytery was rebuilt, while new altars and the baptistry were added in the nave.Wooden choir stalls were constructed by 1614 for the main altar by Francesco Brambilla.In 1577 Borromeo finally consecrated the whole edifice as a new church, distinct from the old Santa Maria Maggiore and Santa Tecla (which had been unified in 1549 after heavy disputes).17th century The cathedral as it looked in 1745.At the beginning of the 17th century Federico Borromeo had the foundations of the new fa?ade laid by Francesco Maria Richini and Fabio Mangone. Work continued until 1638 with the construction of five portals and two middle windows. In 1649, however, the new chief architect Carlo Buzzi introduced a striking revolution: the fa?ade was to revert to original Gothic style, including the already finished details within big Gothic pilasters and two giant belfries. Other designs were provided by, among others, Filippo Juvarra (1733) and Luigi Vanvitelli (1745), but all remained unapplied. In 1682 the fa?ade of Santa Maria Maggiore was demolished and the cathedral's roof covering completed.In 1762 one of the main features of the cathedral, the Madonnina's spire, was erected at the dizzying height of 108.5 m. The spire was designed by Francesco Croce and sports at the top a famous polychrome Madonnina statue, designed by Giuseppe Perego that befits the original stature of the cathedral.Given Milan's notoriously damp and foggy climate, the Milanese consider it a fair-weather day when the Madonnina is visible from a distance, as it is so often covered by mist.Completion The Duomo di Milano in 1856On May 20, 1805, Napoleon Bonaparte, about to be crowned King of Italy, ordered the fa?ade to be finished. In his enthusiasm, he assured that all expenses would fall to the French treasurer, who would reimburse the Fabbrica for the real estate it had to sell. Even though this reimbursement was never paid, it still meant that finally, within only seven years, the Cathedral had its fa?ade completed. The new architect, Francesco Soave, largely followed Buzzi's project, adding some neo-Gothic details to the upper windows. As a form of thanksgiving, a statue of Napoleon was placed at the top of one of the spires. Napoleon was crowned King of Italy at the Duomo.In the following years, most of the missing arches and spires were constructed. The statues on the southern wall were also finished, while in , new stained glass windows replaced the old ones, though with less aesthetically significant results. The last details of the cathedral were finished only in the 20th century: the last gate was inaugurated on January 6, 1965. This date is considered the very end of a process which had proceeded for generations, although even now, some uncarved blocks remain to be completed as statues. The Duomo's main facade went under renovation from 2003 to early 2009: as of February 2009, it has been completely uncovered, showing again the colors of the Candoglia marble.Architecture and art Interior view. Detail of windows from the exterior. Tomb of archbishop Alberto da Intimiano.The cathedral of Milano is often described as one of the greatest churches in the world. The ground plan is of a nave with five aisles, crossed by a transept and then followed by choir and apsis. The height of the nave is about 45 meters, the highest Gothic vaults of a complete church (less than the 48 meters of Beauvais Cathedral that was never completed).The roof is open to tourists (for a fee), which allows many a close-up view of some spectacular sculpture that would otherwise be unappreciated. The roof of the cathedral is renowned for the forest of openwork pinnacles and spires, set upon delicate flying buttresses.The cathedral's five wide naves, divided by 40 pillars, are reflected in the hierarchic openings of the facade. Even the transepts have aisles. The nave columns are 24.5 metres (80 ft) high, and the apsidal windows are 20.7 x 8.5 metres (68 x 28 feet). The huge building is of brick construction, faced with marble from the quarries which Gian Galeazzo Visconti donated in perpetuity to the cathedral chapter. Its maintenance and repairs are very complicated.Gothic architecture is a style of architecture which flourished during the high and late medieval period. It evolved from Romanesque architecture and was succeeded by Renaissance architecture.Originating in 12th-century France and lasting into the 16th century, Gothic architecture was known during the period as "the French Style" (Opus Francigenum), with the term Gothic first appearing during the latter part of the Renaissance as a stylistic insult. Its characteristic features include the pointed arch, the ribbed vault and the flying buttress.Gothic architecture is most familiar as the architecture of many of the great cathedrals, abbeys and parish churches of Europe. It is also the architecture of many castles, palaces, town halls, guild halls, universities, and to a less prominent extent, private dwellings.It is in the great churches and cathedrals and in a number of civic buildings that the Gothic style was expressed most powerfully, its characteristics lending themselves to appeal to the emotions. A great number of ecclesiastical buildings remain from this period, of which even the smallest are often structures of architectural distinction while many of the larger churches are considered priceless works of art and are listed with UNESCO as World Heritage Sites. For this reason a study of Gothic architecture is largely a study of cathedrals and churches.A series of Gothic revivals began in mid-18th century England, spread through 19th-century Europe and continued, largely for ecclesiastical and university structures, into the 20th century
英语翻译翻译:First, I thought this is our nationality's great revival. Along withsocial economy development as well as social system and legal systemperfection. Our country already steady standing erect above theinternational scene, and is playing the positive role at internationalaffairs all quarters each surface. We obtain in 2008 the Olympic Gamesto conduct the power, is precisely the world to China the trustperformance. Next, a Olympic Games giant platform, with the aid of it, we wasdemonstrating to the world people Chinese culture succinctness, istransmitting the Chinese personal name to Olympic Games spirityearning for. "Lucky baby, auspicious cloud torch, gold and jadepredestined match" one after another appearance, also had demonstratedto the world people China's youth's wisdom and the creativity, as wellas have entrusted with the time color China outstanding traditionalculture. What is worth mentioning, the cultural development similarly hasbrought the huge economic efficiency. The continuous overseas travelerhas led, tourism the profession and so on the peripheral diningindustry development. At the same time, it very good promotion cityimage consummation. Generally speaking, Olympic Games meant a comprehensive promotion,believed in 2008 could be full load success and a harvest year! 大概是这样了!!
求绝望主妇第三季分集介绍Season 3, Episode 1: Listen to the Rain on the RoofOriginal Air Date: 24 September 2006Susan is visiting Mike in the hospital, who's still in a coma. There she's invited by another man to go on a date with him. Gabrielle and Carlos are getting a divorce, but they meet again when the mother of their baby disappears.Season 3, Episode 2: It Takes TwoOriginal Air Date: 1 October 2006Bree and Orson's wedding day arrives, despite the chagrin from her friends, especially Susan who is still disturbed by Carolyn Bigsby's accusations. Later, Orson and Bree's wedding reception is interrupted when the police arrive and tell Orson that a body believed to be his ex-wife has been found at a construction site. The body is not Orson's missing wife, but he lies for some reason by pretending not to know the murder victim. Meanwhile, Lynette attempts to set Nora up with various single guys to keep her away from the house. Gabrielle and Carlos prepare for both the divorce and the baby's expectant arrival when Xiao-Mei goes into labor, but find the baby not to their expectations. Edie's troublesome 18-year-old nephew, Austin, comes to visit and has a meeting of minds with Julie. Also, Susan continues to be uncomfortable around hanging out with Ian.Season 3, Episode 3: A Weekend in the CountryOriginal Air Date: 8 October 2006Bree and Orson are going on their honeymoon to Bermuda. But at the airport, Bree sees her runaway son, Andrew, on the public TV featured as a homeless teenager in which Bree wants to cut short their honeymoon to go look for him, against Orson's protests. After Bree unsuccessfully tries to get Andrew to return home, Orson later meets with the troublesome youth and, despite seeing the abrasive sociopath Andrew still is, persuades him to return home by relating to his inner rage and hostility. Meanwhile, Gabrielle and Lynette plan a weekend at a posh health spa while Tom is going on a camping trip with the wild and crazy kids. But Lynnette's quiet weekend is also cut short when Tom phones with an emergency and she has to go to him. But things turn for the worse when Nora arrives and insists that she tag along with Lynnette. At the spa, the lonely Gabrielle runs into her former flame, John Rowland, who's now a rising landscape designer, and had a one-stand with him. But regrets it in the morning when his fiancée shows up and nearly caches her. Elsewhere, Susan goes on a quiet romantic getaway with Ian at a remote mountain cabin. But as usual for the klutzy Susan, things don't go as planned. Plus, she is still insecure about if she's cheating on Mike who's still comatose. Also, Julie has another run-in with Austin McCann whom she cannot stand, but finds herself strangely attracted to.Season 3, Episode 4: Like It WasOriginal Air Date: 15 October 2006Mike has woken up from his coma, but he has amnesia and has no recollection of the past two years or of who attempted to kill him. Unfortunately, the scheming Edie is there to fill in the blanks by pretending they are romantically involved. Susan is still in the country with Ian after having their first romantic night together, when she cuts it short after receiving the news about Mike's revival. Despite the fact that Andrew has returned home and Danielle is a rising science class student, Bree finds her family is anything but perfect after learning of the "tricks" Andrew pulled while living on the streets and finds out that Danielle and her science teacher are more closer than she thought. Meanwhile, Lynette is determined not to let Parker quit baseball because he made a commitment, even though he's terrible at it because of his A.D.D. Lynette also has a talk with Tom in she persuades him to follow his own path in hunting for a new job, as well as a new career path for himself. Also, Carlos moves back into the house, much to Gabrielle's displeasure, which escalates their personal war.Season 3, Episode 5: Nice She Ain'tOriginal Air Date: 22 October 2006The divorce between Gabrielle and Carlos reaches new levels of bitterness with both of them trying to make each other jealous. Meanwhile, Susan is determined to jog Mike's memory, and realizes Edie has been posing as his girlfriend since he woke up from his coma. Tom decides that his dream is to open a pizza parlor, and Lynette is not delighted. But Nora makes things a little worse by fanning the flames between them to break them up. Bree conniving tries to break up the romance between Danielle and her history teacher, who's been having an affair with her. Elsehwere, bad-boy Austin asks a reluctant Julie to help him write his English paper for class. Also, Mike's phone number is discovered on the mystery dead woman's body by Detective Ridley.Season 3, Episode 6: Sweetheart, I Have to ConfessOriginal Air Date: 29 October 2006Hurt after finding Mike with Edie, Susan professes her love for Ian, but in a very awkward way by crashing a dinner party he is throwing. Meanwhile, Gabrielle and Carlos try to rekindle their love after she finds out about a potential new job he may be getting. Bree is confronted once again by Carolyn Bigsby who invites her and Orson with her husband Harvey, where Bree learns more about Orson's past with his long-lost wife, and Orson finds out that Carolyn's husband had had an affair with the mystery dead woman, and we learn that Orson had shared the same woman. Nora and Lynette go to war after Lynette finds out that Nora had tried to break her and Tom up over his planing to open up his pizza parlor. Also, Mike starts to remember things, which include the mystery dead woman, who's name is revealed to be 'Monique'.Season 3, Episode 7: BangOriginal Air Date: 5 November 2006The day begins just as every other... Except today, there will be a deadly hostage situation in a local supermarket.Season 3, Episode 8: Children and ArtOriginal Air Date: 12 November 2006When Gabrielle travels to New York with the desire to return to modeling, she finds it hard to go back on her terms, rather than her client's. Back on Whisteria Lane, Lynette comes home from the hospital to recover from the shooting, and copes with the fact that her boys heard that she was shot at the supermarket. Lynnette is also grateful to Art Shephard for saving her life, but later finds some unsettling things about him. Elsewhere, Susan comes home from a date with Ian to find Julie on the couch with a boy, whom is the trouble-making Austin. But Susan's attempts to keep them apart by bringing her ex-husband, Karl, into the equation backfires greatly. Bree struggles to find out why Orson will not tell her the reasons behind his strained relationship with pesky and obnoxious mother Gloria. Also, Detective Ridley continues investigating the murder of the mystery woman, Monique, and begins to zero on Mike Delfino.Season 3, Episode 9: Beautiful GirlsOriginal Air Date: 19 November 2006Lynnette, having learned about her new neighbor's, Art Shepherd's obsession, assumes that he's a pedophile and goes to the police, but she is told that they cannot do anything about it. Gabrielle gets a shot to train a group of young girls about being a model. Susan learns that Ian has a butler, named Rupert, who quietly disapproves of her dating Ian. Meanwhile, Bree learns what it's like to live with her new mother-in-law, Gloria, and decides it time to get her a place of her own. But Bree isn't prepared when Gloria reveals Orson's secret about his past romance with the dead Monique. Also, the homeless Carlos moves in with Mike, who begins to think that he might have killed Monique.Season 3, Episode 10: The Miracle SongOriginal Air Date: 26 November 2006When Ian tells Susan that his parents will be visiting them for Christmas, Susan dumps the news to him that she can't cook. Meanwhile, Gabrielle is willing to drop Amy, the worst child in her modeling consulting class, by getting between her and the girl's father... the hunky Bill Pearce. Bree is having misgivings about dumping Orson at the curb after learning about his past with Monique, but begins to see him in a new light when he reveals how his mother conspired with Alma to trick him into marriage. However, Orson's mother, Gloria, is revealed all this time to be conspiring with Orson's ex-wife, Alma, to destroy him. Edie dumps Mike when he gets arrested for the murder of Monique, leading to him to finally see the selfish tramp that Edie really is. Susan tries to help Mike, but Ian resents Susan's meddling with her former boyfriend. Elsewhere, the whole neighborhood dumps on Art Shepherd when Lynette spreads the word that she thinks he's a pedophile, which puts a strain on Art's crippled sister Rebbecca.Season 3, Episode 11: No Fits, No Fights, No FeudsOriginal Air Date: 7 January 2007Alma reveals to the world she wasn't dead, }