“地位的象征”英语或日语怎么说？_百度知道
“地位的象征”英语或日语怎么说？
我有更好的答案
英语应该是：the symbol of one's status 日语应该是：地位の象徴（ちいのしょうちょう），读：ti i no syo u tyo u
采纳率：54%
the symbol of one's status
emblem of one's status
stand for position
symbol of status
symbol of one's social status
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"Unbreakable" comprises three morphemes: un- (a bound morpheme signifying "not"), -break- (the , a free morpheme), and -able (a free morpheme signifying "can be done").
of the plural morpheme for regular nouns: /s/ (e.g. in cats ), /?z, ?z/ (e.g. in dishes ), and /z/ (e.g. in dogs ).
A morpheme is the smallest grammatical unit in a language. In other words, it is the smallest meaningful unit of a language. The
field of study dedicated to morphemes is called . A morpheme is not identical to a , and the principal difference between the two is that a morpheme
stand alone, whereas a word, by definition, is freestanding. When a morpheme stands by itself, it is considered as a
because it has a meaning of its own (e.g. the morpheme cat) and when it depends on another morpheme to express an idea, it is an affix because it has a grammatical function (e.g. the –s in cats to indicate that it is plural). Every word comprises one or more morphemes.
Every morpheme can be classified as either free or bound. These categories are mutually exclusive, and as such, a given morpheme will belong to exactly one of them.
can function independently as words (e.g. town, dog) and can appear within
(e.g. town hall, doghouse).
appear only as parts of words, always in conjunction with a
and sometimes with other bound morphemes. For example, un- appears only accompanied by other morphemes to form a word. Most bound morphemes in English are , particularly
and . Examples of suffixes are -tion, -ation, -ible, -ing, etc. Bound morphemes that are not affixed are called .
Bound morphemes can be further classified as derivational or inflectional.
morphemes, when combined with a root, change either the semantic meaning or
of the affected word. For example, in the word happiness, the addition of the bound morpheme -ness to the root happy changes the word from an adjective (happy) to a
(happiness). In the word unkind, un- functions as a derivational morpheme, for it inverts the meaning of the word formed by the root kind. Generally, the affixes used with a root word are bound morphemes.
morphemes modify a 's , , , , or , or a noun's, pronoun's or adjective's ,
or , without affecting the word's meaning or class (). Examples of applying inflectional morphemes to words are adding -s to the root dog to form dogs and adding -ed to wait to form waited. An inflectional morpheme changes the form of a word. In English, there are eight inflections.
are variants of a morpheme that differ in
but are semantically identical. For example, in English, the plural
can be pronounced /-z/, /-s/, or /-?z, -?z/, depending on the final sound of the noun's
form. For example, plural ending s (as in bats), z (as in bugs), iz (as in buses).
Generally, these types of morphemes have no visible changes. For instance, the singular form of sheep is "sheep" and its plural is also "sheep". The intended meaning is thus derived from the co-occurring determiner (e.g. in this case "some-" or "a-").
express a concrete meaning or content, while function morphemes have more of a grammatical role. For example, the morphemes fast and sad can be considered content morphemes. On the other hand, the suffix –ed belongs to the function morphemes given that it has the grammatical function of indicating past tense. Although these categories seem very clear and intuitive, the idea behind it can be harder to grasp given that they overlap with each other. Examples of an ambiguous situation are the
over and the
your, which seem to have a concrete meaning, but are considered function morphemes because their role is to connect ideas grammatically. A general rule to follow to determine the category of a morpheme is:
Content morphemes include free morphemes that are nouns, , , and verbs. It also includes bound morphemes that are bound roots and derivational affixes.
Function morphemes can be free morphemes that are prepositions, , determiners, and . Additionally, they can be bound morphemes that are inflectional affixes.
Roots are composed of only one morpheme, while stems can be composed of more than one morpheme. Any additional affixes are considered morphemes. An example of this is the word quirkiness. The root is quirk, but the stem is quirky which has two morphemes. Moreover, there exist pairs of affixes that have the same phonological form but have a different meaning. For example, the suffix –er can be derivative (e.g. sell => seller) or inflectional (e.g. small => smaller). These types of morphemes are called .
Some words might seem to be composed of multiple morphemes, but in fact, they are not. This is why one has to consider form and meaning when identifying morphemes. For example, the word relate might seem to be composed of two morphemes, re- (prefix) and the word late, but this is not correct. These morphemes have no relationship with the definitions relevant to the word like “feel sympathy”, “narrate”, or “being connected by blood or marriage”. Furthermore, the length of the words does not determine if it has multiple morphemes or not. To demonstrate, the word Madagascar is long and it might seem to have morphemes like mad, gas, and car, but it does not. Conversely, small words can have multiple morphemes (e.g. dogs).
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and other languages, morphological analysis is the process of segmenting a sentence into a row of morphemes. Morphological analysis is closely related to , but word segmentation is required for these languages because word boundaries are not indicated by blank spaces.[]
The purpose of the morphological analysis is to determine the minimal units of meaning in a language or morphemes by using comparisons of similar forms—for example, comparing forms such as “She is walking” and “They are walking” rather than comparing either of these with something completely different like "You are reading". Thus, we can effectively break down the forms in parts and distinguish the different morphemes. Similarly, the meaning and the form are equally important for the identification of morphemes. For instance, agent and comparative morphemes illustrate this point. An agent morpheme is an affix like -er that transforms a verb into a noun (e.g. teach → teacher). On the other hand, –er can also be a comparative morpheme that changes an adjective into another degree of the same adjective (e.g. small → smaller). In this case, the form is the same, but the meaning of both morphemes is different. Also, the opposite can occur in which the meaning is the same but the form is different.
This section does not
any . Please help
by . Unsourced material may be challenged and . (September 2011) ()
In , the definition of a morpheme depends heavily on whether syntactic trees have morphemes as leaves or features as leaves.
Direct surface-to- mapping in
(LFG) – leaves are words
Direct syntax-to-semantics mapping
Leaves in syntactic trees spell out morphemes:
– leaves are morphemes
Branches in syntactic trees spell out morphemes:
– leaves are "nano-" (small) morpho-syntactic features
Given the definition of a morpheme as "the smallest meaningful unit", nanosyntax aims to account for idioms where it is often an entire syntactic tree which contributes "the smallest meaningful unit." An example
is "Don't let the cat out of the bag" where the idiom is composed of "let the cat out of the bag" and that might be considered a semantic morpheme, which is composed of many syntactic morphemes. Other cases where the "smallest meaningful unit" is larger than a word include some collocations such as "in view of" and "business intelligence" where the words together have a specific meaning.
The definition of morphemes also plays a significant role in the interfaces of generative grammar in the following th
: the idea that each productive morpheme must have a compositional semantic meaning (a ), and if the meaning is there, there must be a morpheme ( or overt).
: the interface where syntactic/semantic structures are "spelled-out" using words or morphemes with phonological content. This can also be thought of as lexical insertion into the syntactic.
Kemmer, Suzanne.
Referenced 19 March 2014
Department of Linguistics (2011). Language files: Materials for an introduction to language and linguistics (11th ed.). Ohio State University Press.
Spencer, Andrew (1992). Morphological Theory. Oxford: Blackwell.
in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
by Prof. Mark Lieberman
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什么是日本语能力考试（日语能力考）日本语能力测试（JLPT／The Japanese-Language Proficiency Test）是对日本国内及海外以母语非日语学习者为对象，进行日语能力测试和认定。此项测试在日本国内由日本语国际教育支援协会举办，在中国由日本国际交流基金会与中国教育部海外考试中心共同协力举办。在我国由教育部考试中心负责组织和实施。该考试从2009年开始每年举办2次，于7月和12月的第一个星期日实施。报名没有年龄、职业、学历、地区、民族、国籍、在校与否等限制，中国公民持正式居民身份证，外国人持护照均可上网报名。近年来，参加该项考试除了测试日语水平外，还有的是为了就业、升级、升职等等。对测试的要求和建议也越来越多。因此，日本国际交流基金会与日本国际教育支援协会运用20多年来对日语教育学和测试理论的研究成果及迄今为止积累起来的测试成绩数据，对日本语能力测试的内容进行了改版，决定自2010年开始实施新的日本语能力测试。日语翻译_我想问一下，serostatus 这个词翻译成英文，怎么翻译？__沪江网
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我想问一下，serostatus 这个词翻译成英文，怎么翻译？
在沪江关注日语的沪友bycarol遇到了一个关于的疑惑，已有3人提出了自己的看法。
知识点疑惑描述
我想问一下，serostatus 这个词翻译成英文，怎么翻译？
知识点相关讲解
—— awesome_1990
—— simaxiaohu
这是一个合成词，&sero&是“血清”的意思，而&status”、是“地位”、“情形”、“状态”的意思,故&serostatus“为“血清状态”意，望采纳，谢谢。
—— RIODEJANEIRO
其他相关知识点}