badly placed s怎么组词?

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>>>Sorry,Cathy,I didn’t know that you were badly short of mo..
Sorry,Cathy,I didn’t know that you were badly short of money then.But you ________ me for help.
A.must have asked
B.could have asked
C.would have asked
D.may have asked
题型:单选题难度:偏易来源:不详
解析 考查情态动词。说话人为自己不知道Cathy当时急需用钱而感到抱歉,认为Cathy当时本来可以向自己求助。could have done表示过去本来可以做某事,可实际上并没有做。
马上分享给同学
据魔方格专家权威分析,试题“Sorry,Cathy,I didn’t know that you were badly short of mo..”主要考查你对&&情态动词&&等考点的理解。关于这些考点的“档案”如下:
现在没空?点击收藏,以后再看。
因为篇幅有限,只列出部分考点,详细请访问。
情态动词的概念:
情态动词表示说话人对某一动作或状态的态度。几组词的辨析:
1、need和dare的用法:need和dare既可用作情态动词,也可用作实义动词。用作情态动词时,主要用于否定句和疑问句。用作实义动词时,可用于各种句式。 (1)用作情态动词:&如:—Need I come? 我需要来吗?&&&&&&&& —Yes, you must. 需要。 &&&&&&&& You needn′t telephone him now. 你现在不必打电话给他。&&&&&&&&&&I don′t think you need worry. 我想你不必发愁。&&&&&&&&&&She dare not go out alone at night. 她晚上不敢一个人出去。 &&&&&&&& How dare you say I′m unfair? 你竟敢说我不公平? &&&&&&&& Not one of them dared mention this.他们谁也不敢提这件事。 (2)用作实义动词: 如:You don′t need to do it yourself. 你不必亲自做这件事。 &&&&&&& We need to tell them the news. 我们需要把这消息告诉他们。 &&&&&&& The table needs painting(to be painted.). 桌子需要油漆一下。 &&&&&&& We should dare to give our own opinion.我们要敢于提出自己的观点。 &&&&&&& He did not dare(to) look up. 他不敢抬头看。 &&&&&&& I dare day he′ll come again. 我想他会再来的。2、can和be able to:(1)情态动词can只有两种时态形式,现在式can和过去式could,而be able to有多种时态形式。 如:Mary can play the piano. She has been able to play it since she was 5. 玛丽会弹钢琴。她五岁起就会弹了。 (2)用在过去时中,could经常表示能够做某事,事实上不一定去做,而was∕were able to则表示“过去做成了某事”。在否定句中两者可通用。 如:He could swim across the English Channel. But he didn′t feel like it that day. &&&&&&& 他能游过英吉利海峡,但那天他不想游。 &&&&&&& Yesterday I was able to get home before the heavy rain. 昨天我在下大雨前赶到了家里。 3、must和have to:must表示主观意志,而have to表示由于客观因素不得不做某事。must没有过去式,除在间接引语中可用于表示过去时间,在直接引语中表示过去时间应该用had to代替。 如:I told her that she must give up smoking. 我叫她必须戒烟。 &&&&&&& We had to get everything ready that night. 我们那晚得把一切准备就绪。 4、would和used to:(1)usedto表示过去与现在或过去某时与后来的情况有不同,而would只表过去的情况。如:People used to think that the earth was flat. &过去人们认为地球是平的。(现在人们不这么认为。)&&&&&&& &She would go out for a walk in the morning when she was in the country. &&&&&&& 在乡下时,她总是在早晨去散会儿步。(可能现在仍有散步的习惯。) (2)used to可表示过去的习惯动作和经常的情况,而would只表示过去的习惯动作。 如:He used to∕would smoke while writing. 过去他写东西时常抽烟。 &&&&&&& She used to be fat. 她过去很胖。 情态动词的基本用法:1、can(could): 1)表示能力,could主要指过去时间。 如:Two eyes can see more than one. 两只眼比一只眼看得清。 &&&&&&& Could the girl read before she went to school? 这女孩上学前能识字吗? 2)表示可能(理论上或是逻辑判断上)。 如:The temperature can fall to–60℃, that is 60℃ below freezing. 气温可降至-60℃,也就是零下60℃。 &&&&&&& He can′t(couldn′t) have enough money for a new car. 他不可能有足够的钱买新车。&& &&&&&&& You mustn′t smoke while you′re walking around in the wood. You could start a fire.& &&&&&&& 在林子里走时勿吸烟,那样可能会引起火灾。 3)表示允许。 如:Can I have a look at your new pen? 我可以看一看你的新钢笔吗? &&&&&&& He asked whether he could take the book out of the reading-room. 他问他可不可以把书带出阅览室。 4)表惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。 如:Where can(could) they have gone to? 他们会去哪儿了呢? &&&&&&& He can′t(couldn′t) be over sixty. 他不可能超过六十岁。 &&&&&&& How can you be so careless? 你怎么这么粗心? 5)比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法。 如:Can(Could) you lend me a hand? 帮我一把好吗? &&&&&&& I′m afraid we couldn′t give you an answer today. 恐怕我们今天不能给你答复。 2、may(might): 1)表允许,might可以指过去时间,也可指现在时间,语气更委婉。 如:You may take what ever you like. 你喜欢什么就拿什么。 &&&&&&& He told me that I might smoke in the room. 他告诉我可以在房间里抽烟。 &&&&&&& May(Might) I ask for a photo of your baby? 我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗?在回答以may引起的问句时,多避免用这个词,而用其它方式:如:Yes, please./Certainly. /Please don′t./You′d better not./No, you mustn′t.等,以免显得太严峻或不客气。 2)表可能(事实上)。可以指过去时间,也可以指现在时间,但语气更加不肯定。 如:He may be at home. 他可能在家。 &&&&&&& She may not know about it. 她可能不知道这件事。 &&&&&&& He was afraid they might not agree with him. 他担心他们可能不同意他的意见。& 如:They might be having a meeting, but I′m not sure. 他们有可能在开会,不过我不肯定。 3、must:1)表示义务。意为“必须”(主观意志)。 如:We must do everything step by step. 我们一切都必须循序渐进地做。 &&&&&&& You mustn′t talk to her like that. 你不可能那样对她说话。 &&&&&&&& —Must we hand in our exercise-books now? 我们现在就要交练习本吗? &&&&&&&& —No, you needn′t./No, you don′t have to.不必。(这种情况下,一般不用mustn′t) 2)表示揣测。意为“想必、准是、一定”等,只用于肯定句。 如:He must be ill. He looks so pale. 他准是病了。他的脸色苍白。 如:She′s wearing a diamond necklace. She must have a lot o fmoney. 她戴着钻石项链,一定很有钱。 4、shall:1)表征询意见,用于第一、第三人称疑问句。 如:Shall I get you some tea? 我给你点茶好吗? &&&&&&& Shall the boy wait outside? 让那男孩在外面等吗? &&&&&&& What shall we do this evening? 我们今晚做什么? 2)表说话人的意愿,有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思,用于第二、第三人称陈述句。 如:You shall do as I say. 按我说的做。(命令) &&&&&&& You shall have my answer tomorrow. 你明天可以得到我的答复。(允诺) &&&&&&& He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.有一天他会后悔的,我告诉你。(警告) 如:Nothing shall stop us from carrying out the plan.什么也不能阻止我们执行这项计划。(决心) 5、will:1)表意愿,用于各种人称陈述句。 如:I will do anything for you. 我愿为你做任何事。 &&&&&&& None is so blind as those who won′t see. 不愿看的人眼最瞎。 &&&&&&& If you will read the book, I′ll lend it to you. 如果你愿意读这本书,我会把它借给你。 2)表请求,用于疑问句。 如:Will you close the window? It′s a bit cold. 请你把窗户关上好吗?有点冷。 &&&&&&& Won′t you drink some more coffee? 再来一点咖啡好吗? 3)表示某种倾向或习惯性动作。 如:Fish will die out of water. 鱼离开水就不能活。&&&&&&& The door won′t open. 这门打不开。 &&&&&&& The boy will sit there hour after hour looking at the traffic go by.& &&&&&&& 那男孩常常坐在那里好几个钟点,看着车辆行人通过。 6、should:1)表义务。意为“应该”(某件事宜于做),用于各种人称。 如:You should be polite to your teachers. 你对老师应该有礼貌。 &&&&&&& You shouldn′t waste anytime. 你不应该浪费时间。 2)表推测,意为“想必一定、照说应该、估计”等。 如:The film should be very good as it is starring first-class actors. 这部新电影是一流演员主演的,估计拍得很好。&&&&&&& &&&&&&& They should be home by now. 照说他们现在应当已经到家了。 7、would:1)表意愿。 如:They would not let him in because he was poorly dressed. 他们不让他进去因为他衣着破旧。&&&&&&&&&I said I would do anything for you. 我说过我愿意为你做任何事。 2)表委婉地提出请求、建议或看法。 如:Would you like another glass of beer? 再来杯啤酒好吗? &&&&&&& Would you mind cleaning the window? 请把窗户擦一下好吗? &&&&&&& They wouldn′t have anything against it. 他们不会有什么反对意见。 3)表过去反复发生的动作或过去的一种倾向。 如:Every time she was in trouble, she would go to him for help. 她每遇到麻烦都会向她求助。8、ought to:1)表义务,意为“应该”(因责任、义务等该做),口气比should稍重。 如:You are his father. You ought to take care of him. 你是他父亲,应当管他。 &&&&&&& You oughtn′t to smoke so much. 你不应该抽这么多烟。 2)表推测,暗含很大的可能,语气较弱。 如:Han Mei ought to know his telephone number. 韩梅该知道他的电话号码。 &&&&&&& There′ it ought to be a fine day tomorrow. 今天有晚霞,明天应该是个好天。 9、used to:表示过去的习惯动作或状态,现在不复发生或存在。疑问式和否定式有两种。 如:He used to live in the countryside, but now he lives in the city. 他过去住在乡下,现在住在城里。 &&&&&&& There used to be a building at the street corner, but it has been pulled down. 街道拐角处过去有座楼房,现在拆了。 &&&&&&& I usedn′t (didn′t use) to smoke. 我过去不抽烟。 &&&&&&& Used you(Did you use) to go to school on foot? 你过去常步行去学校吗?情态动词的其他用法:首先它是动词,而且不同于行为动词,行为动词表示的是可以通过行为来表达的动作(如写,读,跑),而情态动词只是表达的一种想法(如能,也许,敢)。用法是:情态动词+行为动词原形:句:I can read this sentence in English. 我能用英语读这句话。情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义,表示说话人的情绪,态度或语气的动词,但不能单独作谓语,只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。 如:We can be there on time tomorrow. 我们明天能按时去那儿。 &&&&&&& May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗? &&&&&&& Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗? &&&&&&& You must obey the school rules. 你必须遵守校规。情态动词知识体系:
&情态动词表推测的三种句式: 1、在肯定句中一般用must(一定),may(可能),might/could(也许,或许)。如:He must/may/might know the answer to this question? 他一定/可能/也许知道这个问题的答案。&&&&&&&&&It is cold in the room. They must have turned off the heating. 屋里很冷,他们肯定把暖气关了。 2、否定句中用can't/couldn't (不可能), may not/might not(可能不)。如:It can't/couldn't be the headmaster. He has gone to America.& 这不可能是校长,他去美国了&&&&&&& He may not/might not know the scientist. 他也许不认识那位科学家。 3、疑问句中用can/could(能……?)。如:Could he have finished the task? 他可能把任务完成了吗?&&&&&&& Can he be at home now? 他现在能在家吗?注:以上三种句式中情态动词的语气按程度都是依次递减的。Might, could并非may, can的过去式,而表示语气较为委婉或可能性较小。情态动词表推测的三种时态:1、对将来情况的推测,用“情态动词+动词原形”。如:She must/may/might/could arrive before 5.& 5:00前她一定/可能/也许到。 &&&&&&& She must/may/might/could walk miles and miles among the hills without meeting anyone.&&&&&&& 她一定/可能/也许会在山里一连走好几英里而遇不到一个人。 2、对现在或一般情况的推测,用“情态动词+be”,“情态动词+bedoing”或“情态动词+动词原形”。如:He must/may/might/could be listening to the radio now. 他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。&&&&&&& He can't(couldn't)/may(might) not be at home at this time. 这个时候他不可能/可能不在家。&&&&&&& Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How can(could) he be late for the opening ceremony? &&&&&&& 布什先生一向准时,这次开幕式他怎么可能迟到呢? 3、对过去情况的推测,用“情态动词+have+过去分词”。如:It must/may/might/ could have rained last night. The ground is wet. 地湿了,昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。&&&&&&& The door was locked. He can(could) not/may(might) not have been at home. 门锁着,他不可能/可能不在家。&&&&&&& &&&&&&& Can/Could he have gotten the book?难道他找到书了吗?注:情态动词should/ought to表推测时,意为“想必会,理应……”但与“have+过去分词”连用时,则又可构成虚拟语气意为“本应该做某事却没做”。如:It's seven o'clock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment. &&&&&&& 现在七点钟了,杰克理应随时到达。(推测)&&&& &&&&&&& She should/ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital.(虚拟)&&&&&&& 她本该出席你的生日晚会的,可是她得在医院照顾她妈妈。& &&&&&&& Tom should not/ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm.(虚拟)&&&&&&& 汤姆本不该告诉我你的秘密,可是他并无恶意。
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