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新概念英语第二册lesson 16 　A polite request
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(单词翻译:双击或拖选)
If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. However, this does not always happen. Traffic police are sometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden,I found this note on my car:' Sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a &No & area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs. This note is only a .' If you receive a
like this, you can-not fail to obey it!
New words and
生词和短语
park v. 停放（汽车）
traffic n. 交通
ticket) n. 交通违规罚款单
note n. 便条
area n. 地段
sign n. 指示牌
reminder n. 提示
fail v. 无视，忘记
obey v. 服从
一旦你把汽车停错了地方，交通警察很快就会发现。如果他没给你罚单就放你走了，算你走运。然而，情况并不都是这样，交通警察有时也很客气。有一次在瑞典度假，我发现我的车上有这样一个字条：&先生，欢迎您光临我们的城市。此处是&禁止停车&区。如果您对我们街上的标牌稍加注意，您在此会过得很愉快的。谨此提请注意。&如果你收到这样的恳求，你是不会不遵照执行的！&
　　自学导读
1．She must be at least thirty-five years old. 她至少也有35岁了。
（1）at least 是一固定短语，表示&至少&：
He borrowed at least five books from the library.
他从图书馆至少借了5本书。
If you can't clean the car, you can at least help me to clean it.
如果你不能擦车，你至少可以帮我擦。
（2）我们已学过两种年龄表示法。一种是&数字+years old&，作表语：
My father is fifty-seven, years old now.
我父亲现在已57岁了。
另一种是&数字+ -year-old&，作定语：
Last week, my four-year-old daughter, Sally, was in
vited to a children's party.
上周，我4岁的女儿萨莉应邀去参加一个儿童晚会。
尽管如此&&
（1）in spite of为固定短语，意为&不管&、&尽管&，后面可以跟名词、代词或从句：
In spite of the rain, they went on their .
尽管下雨，他们还是继续旅行。
In spite of what you have said about her, she is much better than Mary.
不管你说她什么，她比玛丽要好得多。
（2）this 代指上句话，即&她至少也有35岁&这个事实。
3．This time, she will be a girl of seventeen. 这一次，她将扮演一个17岁的少女。
be在这里是&扮演&的意思：
Tonight, Karen
今晚卡伦&马什扮演海伦。
4．In the play, she must appear in a bright red dress and long black . 演出时她必须穿一条鲜红色的裙子和黑色的长筒袜。
（1）in在这句话中表示&穿着&、&戴着&：
The girl in red over there is my .
那边那个穿红衣服的女孩是我的邻居。
John was in a black dress this morning.
约翰今天上午穿的是件黑衣服。
（2）dress 一般指连衣裙、套裙，也可以指外穿的衣服或特定场合穿的礼服：
Everyone is in evening dress tonight.
今晚大家都穿了晚礼服。
5．, it must be terrible to be grown up! 亲爱的，长成大人真可怕啊！
（1）it 为先行词，代替 to be grown up，这个不定式是句子真正的主语。再如：
it is a pleasant thing to have many friends.
有许多朋友是件令人愉悦的事。
（2）这句话的言外之意是她还没有长成大人，还是个小姑娘，因为她用的是表示推测的 must。（cf. 本课语法
　　语法 Grammar in use
情态助动词 must
（1） must 一般译为&必须&，可以表示&必要&、&命令或强制&、&邀请&、&决心&、&不可推卸的责任&等多种含义。它没有时态和人称变化，通常只用于现在时和将来时。在其他时态中，must的有些含义可以由have to或 have got to来补足。这 3种形式一般可以互换，但彼此是有差别的。用于第一人称时，have to和have got to强调客观的要求或外在的原因，must则强调主观的要求或表示说话的人认为自己有权做某事：
I have to look after the baby.
我得照管这孩子。（因为客观原因）
I must see the .
我必须见老板。（主观要求）
They must leave (tomorrow).
他们（明天）必须出发。
They had to leave.
他们（当时）不得不出发。（过去时中用 have to 代替）
They have had to leave.
（2）have to和 have got to往往可以互换：
I have to/have got to leave home every morning at 7:30.
我每天早上7点半就得离开家。
但是，与always，sometimes 等频度副词连用时，用have to往往比用have got to好：
I often have to get up at 5. Do you ever have to get up at 5?
我经常5点就得起床。你有时候也得5点起床吗？
have got to比have to听上去要更加口语化一些：
（3）在表达&难道你不能不（做&&）&的含义时，一般用&Must you&？&句型而不用&Do you have to&？&或&Have you got to&？&句型：
(4）must还可以用来表示推测：
He must be at home now.
他现在肯定在家。
He must be mad to drive anywhere today!
他今天居然开车出去，真是疯了！
　　词汇学习 Word study
1．appear vi.
（1）出现，显露：
Suddenly, a car appeared.
突然，一辆小汽车出现了。
（2）当众露面；登场（演出等）：
I can't appear in this dress at the party.
我不能在晚会上穿着这身衣服露面。
Miss Marsh will appear in tonight's play.
在今晚的这场剧中，马什小姐将会登场。
（3）似乎，看起来好象（与seem同义）：
She appears to know you.
她似乎认识你。
Now it appears you are wrong.
现在看来你是错的。
2．grow vi.
（1）生长，成长，发育：
Trees of this kind don't grow in our country.
我们国家不长这种树。
How tall you've got! You've grown a lot.
你已经这么高了！你长了不少。
（2）grow up 长成，成熟（其被动态表示长大成人）：
Lucy has grown up a lot since I last saw her.
自从我上次见到她之后，露西已成熟了许多。
What do you want to do when you're grown up?
等你长大了，你想干什么？
3．as的几种用法
（1）作为介词，它可以表示&作为&、&以&&身份&等：
In this film, he appeared as a policeman.
在这部影片中，他扮演一名警察。
As a , he can't always keep himself clean.
作为一名机修工，他无法总保持身上干净。
（2）作为连词，它可以表示&因为&、&正当&&时候&、&以&&方式&或&如同&&那样&等含义：
You must take care of the baby tomorrow as I am going to London.
由于我要去伦敦，你明天必须照料这孩子。（因为，由于）
As we were talking about him, he knocked at the door.
我们正谈论他的时候，他敲门了。（正当&&时候）
She cooked the dinner as her mother taught her.
她按母亲教她的方式做了晚餐。（以&&方式）
　　练习答案 Key to written exercises
1．关键句型练习答案
A She must be(1.1); Jennifer will have to take(1.3); she must appear(1.4); she had to wear(11.5-6); it must be terrible(11.7-8)
C 1 You must/will have to see a doctor.
2 Must you/Do you have to make so much noise?
3 She said we must/had to/would have to stay here.
4 I must/have to have some help.
8 I've had to go out last night.
2．难点练习答案
A 1 in the position of& 2 because& 3 At the time when
B 1 grow& 2 suit& 3 costume& 4 dress
3．多项选择题答案
1d& 2b& 3b& 4d& 5c& 6c
7b& 8a& 9a& 10c& 11a& 12d
　　【New words and expressions】 生词和短语
★park　v. 停放（汽车）
parking，stop
stop the car：车在运动中停下来
park：停放
parking area：停车场
★traffic　n. 交通
traffic police：交通警
traffic lights：交通灯
first crossing/turning
traffic jam：交通堵塞
in the traffic jam
I spend a lot of time in traffic jam
heavy traffic：繁重的交通
in heavy traffic：交通拥挤
I was ordered to drive in heavy traffic.
★ticket　 n. 交通违规罚款单
★note　n. 便条
message：消息
note：纸条，纸钞
make notes：做笔记
★area　n. 地段
area：场地，地段（一块对方）
place：地点
region：地区（交战，开火）
In this region,there were a lot of .
★sign　n. 指示牌
★reminder　n. 提示
v.：提示，提醒
remind sb of sth
remind sb to do sth
An older photo can remind me of my .
You remind me of your mother.
reminder：可以指人，可以指物
★fail　v. 无视，忘记
fail v.失败
fail＋宾语：失败做某事
fail in doing sth：在某些方面失败
He failed./He failed in .
fail to do：没有能够在某事
He failed to swim acrooss the river.
not fail to do sth.一定能够某事
I can not fail to pass it.
You can not fail to drive it.你一定能够驾驶
If you receive a request like this,You can not fail to obey it.
If you arrived in Beijing ,you cannot fail to find the New
★obey　v. 服从
　　【课文讲解】
fail,fail to do sth,not fail to do sth：一定能够做
park：停放
in the wrong place
wrong：不合适的，　right：合适的
He is the right person who you are looking for.
They met(A met B)in the wrong place at the wrong time.
You met the wrong person in the wrong place at the wrong time.
真实条件句：假设很有可能发生．If it snows
只要是状语从句，一律用一般现在取代一般将来
如果在条件从句中，从句往往是一般现在时，主句仍然为一般将来时
真实条件句中，从句往往为现在时，主句中会用一般将来时或祈使句
If he is sleeping,don't wake him up.
If 引导的叫条件句，without后面的名词也叫条件句
without+n.：如果没有
Without water,fish cannot live.
however=but,然而
however常常放在句首或句子中都可以，but习惯放在两个句子之间
but转折性语义比较强，however转折语义比较弱
traffic police：交通警
sometimes：有几次，有时，偶尔
sir,直接称呼的时候不和姓相连
１．表示尊称
２．考研不知道对方姓什么，只要知道对方是男性就可以
welcome sb to+地点：欢迎某人来某地
pay attention to：注意（思想上）
if.真实条件
You will enjoy your stay here,enjoy：享受，stay(n.)
I have enjoyed my stay here.
Enjoy your stay here.
only a reminder==not a ticket
like this,cannot fail to obey it
主句会有祈使句，一般将来时，情态动词
without＋名词：如果没有，起了条件的作用
withou your help/rain
however=but,往往一出现，前后都有标点符号隔开，后面会加逗号，but不会
对一个不认识的男士， mister的后面一定要加姓，sir的后面不能加姓
enjoy your stay here
I have enjoyed my stay here.
You cannot fail to obey it:你一定会遵守
　　【Key Structures】
Exercises C
1.rains,shall do
2.will never pass
4.will get
5.enjoys, why doesn't跟第三人称连用，是一种建议；why not连在一起表示建议
【Special difficulties】
a.police,一定会做复数看待
b.pay attention to,care,take care of,look after
pay attention to：思想上注意，notice
care：关心，在意，　　I don't car：我不在乎，who cares：我不在乎
take care of==look after：照顾，照料
c.remind and remember
remind：提醒，remind sb of sth, remind sb to do sth
remember：记起，记得
(1) Do you remember? remember sth
(2) remember 记得吗？
(3) remember to do sth：记得要去做，remember to send the letter
remember doing sth：记得已经做了,I remembered sending the letter.
Rember sb to your another：前者向后者表示问候
Rember me to your mother：代我向你母亲问好
送行：goodbye
Have you enjoy your stay here? I have enjoyed my stay here.
Remember me to your family.
Today I will meet sb at the airport/station.
Hello,good morning,/afternoon.
Long time no see.
How are you?Fine,thank you,and you?I am fine too,thank you.
Welcome to Beijing.
　　Exercise
1...pay attention...
look after&&look+prep.+宾语
pay attention(to sth.)：注意
只有当你注意的时候，你才会学到东西．
2....remind...
remind sb.of sth.
remind sb.about sth.
think of = think about：思考，考虑
3....are knocking...
4....look after...
5....Remember me...
典型的问候语
＂向某人表达问候＂
　　【Multiple choice questions】
seldom：很少（否定意思）
hardly：几乎不（否定意思）
occasionally=sometimes：偶尔
I'hardly went there.
No Parking：
park：停放（侧重放）
stop：让运动中的东西停下来
leave sth.here
leave：离开，留下来，丢在某地（一定要加宾语和地点）
I left keys at home.
I left my wallet in the taxi.
nothing：东西，事情
no one：人
nothing ：&
nothing more： &
nothing&&不定代词
不定代词的修饰词，要放在不定代词的后面
anything important：重要的事情
It is nothing,他什么都不是．
extra做定语时，一定要放在被修饰词前面　　one extra thousand
two more.../...more 可以放在被修饰词前面或后面
enjoy的典型用法：主语从宾语身上得到享受
laugh at（sb.)：嘲笑某人
amuse（sb.)：让某人笑出来
please(sb.)：让某人高兴；取悦
可以直接加人的动词：
shock,surprise,amuse,please,worry
共同特征：和人的感觉相连
be worried about：为...担心
I am worried about my house.
My house worries me.　我的房子让我担心。
点击收听单词发音&&
n.停车，停机，停放
参考例句：
A bus is parking on the road.路上停着一辆公共汽车。
Next you must learn how to back a car into a parking space.下一步你应该学会如何把车倒入停车的空地。
n.提醒物，纪念品；暗示，提示
参考例句：
I have had another reminder from the library.我又收到图书馆的催还单。
It always took a final reminder to get her to pay her share of the rent.总是得发给她一份最后催缴通知，她才付应该交的房租。
vt.提醒，使想起；使发生联想
参考例句：
These notes will remind you how to present your ideas.这些笔记可以帮你记起怎样讲清楚你的意思。
May I remind you that time will soon be up?我可以提醒你时间快到了吗？
n.要求，请求；vt.请求，要求
参考例句：
He turned a deaf ear to my request for help.他对于我的求助置若罔闻。
If you grant my request,you will earn my thanks.如果你答应我的要求，就会得到我的感谢。
n.寻求，搜索，追求
参考例句：
Man will suffer many disappointments in his quest for truth.人类在探索真理过程中必然会遭受挫折。
His quest for perfection is relentless.他不断追求完美。
n.表情( expression的名词复数 )；表示；（数学）表达式；词
参考例句：
ritualized expressions of grief 以例行的方式表达悲伤
The fashionable remarks of today often become the commonplace expressions of tomorrow. 今天的时髦话往往变成明天的陈词滥调。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.（用于短语）虽然，不顾，尽管
参考例句：
He has modern ideas in spite of his great age.尽管他年事很高，但思想观念却很入时。
In spite of his anger,his remarks were restrained.他尽管生气，说的话还是有节制的。
n.旅行，旅程；路程
参考例句：
She will give up this journey.她将放弃这次旅行。
The journey home was great fun.回家的旅程非常有趣。
n.沼泽，湿地
参考例句：
There are a lot of frogs in the marsh.沼泽里有许多青蛙。
I made my way slowly out of the marsh.我缓慢地走出这片沼泽地。
n.长袜( stocking的名词复数 )；靺；袜子
参考例句：
a pair of silk stockings 一双长筒丝袜
She wears a pair of sheer stockings. 她穿着一双透明的丝袜。 来自《简明英汉词典》
n.邻居；邻近的人(或物)，邻国
参考例句：
I know nothing about my new neighbour.我对我的新邻人全无所闻。
How can you get on with your neighbour?你与你的邻居相处得怎么样？
n.心爱的人，亲爱的人
参考例句：
My darling!How sweet of you to come!亲爱的！你来到这里多让人高兴啊！
She's a little darling!她是小宝贝！
n.老板，上司；v.指挥，控制
参考例句：
When the boss gets mad, leave him alone.当老板生气时，不要理他。
I'm my own boss.我自己当自己的老板。
n.技工，机(械)工，机修工
参考例句：
The mechanic made the necessary adjustments to the engine.机械师对发动机作了必要的调整。
He is a mechanic who buys and sells cars on the side.他是一个兼营买卖汽车的技工。
n.战争( war的名词复数 )；战争期间；斗争；竞争
参考例句：
US involvement in European wars 美国对欧洲战争的干预
Fans waited for years for the first Star Wars prequel. 《星球大战》的第一部前传让影迷期待了多年。
n.孩童时；童年时代
参考例句：
She looks as if she got back to her childhood again.她似乎又回到了她的童年时代。
The photo calls up the story of my childhood.这张照片使我想起童年时代。
n.考试，考查，试题；检查，调查
参考例句：
Teachers always judge their students on the final examination.老师常根据期末考试来评价他们的学生。
He put up a good show in the final examination.他在期末考试中表现得不错。
adj.东方的，东方人的，东方文化的
参考例句：
China is an oriental country with a long history.中国是一个有着悠久历史的东方国家。
They maintain a very powerful fleet in Oriental waters.他们在远东海域保持着一支非常强大的舰队。
adj.额外的，外加的；特大的
参考例句：
We do not ask for extra pay.我们不要求额外报酬。
You have to pay extra for breakfast.早餐你要另外付费。
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------分隔线----------------------------It’s+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.用句型造句子谢谢了!
It's nice for you to help me.It's happy for you to invent me.
为您推荐：
其他类似问题
lt's nice of you to say so.你这样说真是太好了lt's selfish of Jim to eat the whole birthday cake.吉姆真自私，吃完了真个生日蛋糕
It’s good for me to take exercise.
it is hard for me to undersdand what you say````
It's healthy for elders to take walks every day.It's good for young people to see more of the world.It's unhealthy for animals to be locked up all the time.
It's impossible for you to pass the exam
it's difficult for me to work this maths problem out.it's happy for me to see you in my birthday.
It's difficult for me to work up this promblem.对我来说，要想解决这道题很难。It's easy for Lily to answer this question.对莉莉而言，这道题很容易回答
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你可能喜欢My family and I are going to take a holiday in the USA, Colombia, England, France and Switzerland in three hours. Now we are getting ready for it. Mum and Dad have already __【小题1】__(浇水) the plants. My brother has packed the__【小题2】__(毛巾). They’re in the suitcase, __【小题3】__(在……旁边) the guidebook. But he hasn’t locked the windows yet. I’ve already surfed the Internet and found out a lot of information about the cultures and customs in these countries. Here is what I’ve learned online. In the USA, just like in China, people are supposed to __【小题4】__(摇动)hands when they meet for the first time. In England, people should kiss each other when they meet for the first time. In Japan, it’s polite for you to bow when you meet someone for the first time. You’re supposed to use your chopsticks in a __【小题5】__(合适的)way. It’s rude to __【小题6】__(指) at someone with your chopsticks while eating. And you are also supposed to make a noise while eating noodles. It shows you like the food. In France, it’s bad manners to say “I’m __【小题7】__(饱的).”. You should say “It was delicious.” if you don’t want any more food. In Colombia and Switzerland, people have quite different attitudes __【小题8】__(对于) time. Colombian people are very __【小题9】__(宽松的) about time. It’s OK if you arrive a little late. But Swiss people think being on time is very important. It’s the __【小题10】__(国土) of watches, after all.
在下列各句的空白处填入一个最恰当的单词，使句子意思完整，语法正确。1.&&Your glasses are very dirty.&&You'd better ______it with cloth.2.&&In the USA, eating with hands is very ______.3.&&Peter is a polite boy.&&He has good ______.4.&&Peter suggested making a______, so everyone said "cheers".5.&&In Japan it's impolite to______your chopsticks into your food.6.&&You shouldn't&______&at your friend with your finger.&&It's rude.7. —Would you like some more rice?&&&&—No, thanks.&&I'm______.8.&&I'm not good at eating with a______and______.9.&&In France you're not supposed to put your hands in your______.10.&&You should cover your mouth with a______when you sneeze.
Dear Nancy,
　　Thanks for your message．Yes, I'm having a great time on my exchange program in France．It's even better than I thought it would be．I was 　　1　　 nervous before I arrived here, but there was 　　2　　 reason to be．My host family is really nice．They 　　3　　 to make me feel at home．And you wouldn't believe how quickly my French has improved! I'm very comfortable speaking French now．My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table．As you 　　4　　 imagine, things are really different from the way they are at home．For example, you shouldn't put your bread on your plate．You 　　5　　 it on the table! I thought that was pretty strange at first, 　　6　　 now I'm used to it．You shouldn't eat anything with your hands 　　7　　 bread, not even fruit!(You have to cut it up and eat it with a fork.)Another thing is that it is very 　　8　　 to say you're full．If you don't want any more food, you should just say, "It was delicious．" Also, it's not polite to put your hands in your lap．You should always keep your hands, but not your elbows, on the table．I have to say, I find 　　9　　 difficult to remember everything, but I'm gradually getting used to things, and don't find them so strange any more．I'll write soon and tell you more about life in France．Hope 　　10　　 a good school year．
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阅读下面短文，并根据短文后的要求答题。&&&&& The relationship between students and teachers is less formal in the U.S. than in many other countries, especially at college. (1)当老师走进教室时，学生不必起立。Students are encouraged to ask questions during class, to go to the teacher’s office for help after class, and to phone if they can’t go to school and need help with their lessons. (2)Most teachers allow students to enter class late or leave early, if necessary.&&&& (3)However, students are still asked to be polite to their teacher and classmates and to be quiet during a test. When students want to ask questions, they usually put up a hand and wait. When the teacher or a student is speaking to the class, it’s rude to talk to another classmate, even in a low voice. When a test is being given, talking to a classmate is not only rude but also wrong. In the eyes of most American teachers, students who are talking to each other during a test are cheating.1.将(1)句译成英文。________________________________________________________________2.将(2)句改为被动语态。________________________________________________________________3.将(3)句译成中文。______________________________________________________________ 4.从文中找出与所给句子意义相近的句子。Most teachers think it is dishonest of students to talk about something when they are having an exam.________________________________________________________________________5.写出文中最能表达该短文主题的句子。________________________________________________________________
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