Section 1 Use of English
Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
&&&&&& In&Cambodia,&the&choice&of&a&spouse&is&a&complex one for&the&young male. It may involve not only his parents and his friends,&__1__those&of&the&young woman,&but also&a&matchmaker. A young man can __2__ a likely spouse on his own and then ask his parents to __3__the marriage negotiations, or the young man&s parents may take the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. __4__, a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. __5__ a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying __6__ a good family.
&&&&&& The&traditional&wedding&is&a&long&and&colorful&affair.&Formerly&it&lasted&three&days,&__7__1980s&it&more&commonly&lasted&a&day&and&a&half.&Buddhist&priests&offer&a&short&sermon&and&__8__&prayers&of&blessing.&Par--ts&of&the&ceremony&involve&ritual&hair&cutting,__9__cotton&threads&soaked&in&holy&water&around&the&bride's&and&groom's&wrists,&and&__10__a&candle&around&a&circle&of&happily&married&and&respected&couples&to&bless& the&__11__.& Newlyweds&traditionally&move&in&with&the&wife's&parents&and&may__12__&with&them&up&to&a&year,&__13__they&can&build&a&new&house&nearby.
&&&&&& Divorce&is&legal and easy to __14__,&but not common. Divorced persons are __15__ with some disapproval. Each&spouse&retains ___16___ property he or she __17__ into&the&marriage,&and jointly-acquired property&is&__18__ equally. Divorced persons may remarry, but&a gender prejudice __19__up.& The&divorced male doesn't have&a&waiting period before he can remarry __20__the woman must wait ten months.
1. && A.&by&way&of& &&&&& &&&&&& B.&with&regard&to& &&&&& &&&&&& C.&on&behalf&of& && &&&&&& D.&as&well&as
2. && A.&decide&on& &&&&&& &&&&&& B.&provide&for &&&& &&&&&& C.&compete&with & &&&&&& D.&adapt&to
3. && A.&close& &&&&&& &&&&&& B.&arrange && &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&renew &&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&postpone
4. && A.&In&theory &&&&&& B.&Above&all &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&In&time &&& &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&For&example
5. && A.&Unless &&&& &&&&&& B.&Less & &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&After &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&Although
6. && A.&into & &&&&&& &&&&&& B.&within &&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&from &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&through
7. && A.&or &&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& B.&since &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&but && &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&so
8. && A.&test && &&&&&& &&&&&& B.&copy &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&recite &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&D.&create
9. && A.&folding &&& &&&&&& B.&piling &&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&wrapping &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&tying
10. A.&passing &&& &&&&&& B.&lighting && &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&hiding &&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&serving
11. A.&association &&&&& B.&meeting && &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&collection &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&union
12. A.&deal & &&&&&& &&&&&& B.&part&& &&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&grow &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&live
13. A.&whereas && &&&&&& B.&until &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&for& & &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& D. if
14. A.&avoid &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& B.&follow &&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&challenge &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&obtain
15. A.&isolated && &&&&&& B.&persuaded &&&& &&&&&& C.&viewed &&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&exposed
16. A.&wherever &&&&&& B.&whatever &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&whenever &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&however
17. A.&changed & &&&&&& B.&brought && &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&shaped &&& &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&pushed
18. A.&invested && &&&&&& B.&divided &&& &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&donated && &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&withdrawn
19. A.&warms &&&& &&&&&& B.&clears& &&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&shows &&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&breaks
20. A.&while &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& B.&so&that &&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& C.&once &&&&&& &&&&&& &&&&&& D.&in&that
Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension
Directions：Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)
&&& France，which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for women. Its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways. The parliament also agreed to ban websites that &incite excessive thinness& by promoting extreme dieting.
&&& Such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. They suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up impinging on health. That&s a start. And the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starving themselves to death &as some have done. It tells the fashion industry that it must take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape-measure they must use to determine their individual worth.
&&& The bans, if fully enforced, would suggest to women (and many men) that they should not let others be arbiters of their beauty. And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to size zero or wasp-waist physiques.
&&& The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mass could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.
&&& The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standards for models and fashion images that rely more on peer pressure for enforcement.
In contrast to France&s actions, Denmark&s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding the age, health, and other characteristics of models. The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical Charter clearly states:&We are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people&. The charter&s main tool of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen Fashion Week (CFW), which is run by the Danish Fashion Institute. But in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance.
Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.&&&
21. According to the first paragraph，what would happen in France?
【A】Physical beauty would be redefined.
【B】New runways would be constructed.
【C】Websites about dieting would thrive.
【D】The fashion industry would decline.
22. The phrase &impinging on&(Line 2，Para.2) is closest in meaning to
【A】heightening the value of
【B】indicating the state of
【C】losing faith in
【D】doing harm to
23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry？
【A】The French measures have already failed.
【B】New standards are being set in Denmark.
【C】Models are no longer under peer pressure.
【D】Its inherent problems are getting worse.
24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for
【A】pursuing perfect physical conditions
【B】caring too much about model&s character.
【C】showing little concern for health factors
【D】setting a high age threshold for models.
25. Which of the following may be the best title of the text?
【A】A Challenge to the Fashion Industry&s Body Ideals
【B】A Dilemma for the Starving models in France
【C】Just Another Round of Struggle for Beauty
【D】The Great Threats to the Fashion Industry
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　　Part B
　　Directions:
　　In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
　　[A]Create a new image of yourself
　　[B]Decide if the time is right
　　[C]Have confidence in yourself
　　[D]Understand the context
　　[E]Work with professionals
　　[F]Know your goals
　　[G]Make it efficient
　　No matter how formal or informa the work environment，the way you present yourself has an impact. This is especially true in first impressions. According to research from Princeton University，people assess your competence，trustworthiness，and likeability in just a tenth of a second，solely based on the way you look.
　　The difference between today’s workplace and the“dress for success” era is that the range of options is so much broader. Norms have evolved and fragmented. In some settings, red sneakers or dress T-shir in others not so much. Plus, whatever image we present is magnified by social-media services like LinkedIn. Chances are, your headshots are seen much more often now than a decade or two ago. Millennials, it seems, face the paradox of being the least formal generation yet the most conscious of style and personal branding. It can be confusing.
　　So how do we navigate this? How do we know when to invest in an upgrade? And what’s the best way to pull off one that enhance our goals? H
　　41.___________________________________________
　　As an executive coach, I’ve seen image upgrades be particularly helpful during transitions---when looking for a new job, stepping into a new or more public role, or changing work environments. If you’re in a period of change or just feeling stuck and in a rut, now may be a good time. If you’re not sure, ask for honest feedback from trusted friends, colleagues and professionals. Look for cues about how others perceive you.Maybe there’s no need for an upgrade and that’s OK.
　　42.___________________________________________
　　Get clear on what impact you’re hoping to have. Are you looking to refresh your image or pivot it? For one person, the goal may be to be taken more seriously and enhance their professional image. For another, it may be to be perceived as more approachable, or more modern and stylish. For someone moving from finance to advertising, maybe they want to look more“SoHo”.(It’s OK to use characterizations like that.)
　　43.___________________________________________
　　Look at your work environment like an anthropologist. What are the norms of your environment? What converys status? Who are your most important audiences? How do the people you respect and look up to present themselves? The better you understand the cultural context, the more control you can have over your impact.
　　44.___________________________________________
　　Enlist the support of professionals and share with them your goals and context. Hire a personal stylist, or use the free styling service of a store like J.Crew. Try a hair stylist instead of a barber. Work with a professional photographer instead of your spouse or friend. It’s not as expensive as you might think.
　　45.___________________________________________
　　The point of a style upgrade isn’t to become more vain or to spend more time passing over what to wear. Instead, use it as an opportunity to reduce decision fatigue. Pick a standard work uniform or a few go-to options. Buy all your clothesonce with a stylist instead of shopping alone, one article of clothing at a time.
　　41.B Decide if the time is right
　　解析：此段第一句话主句里面说“在过渡的阶段提升自我形象尤其有用”。第二句和第三、四句分别展开说明，第二句表明：如果你处在变动的时期或者感觉需要变动，那么可能这可能是一个好的时机。 相反，第三、四句话表示：如果不确定的话，就需要得到别人的反馈了。也许无需提升。故整段的意思是说要先确定是否现在是提升自我形象的正确时机。故答案为C选项。
　　42.F Know your goals
　　解析：此段中心句即第一句话，标明“要清楚你想要的结果或影响”。其实就是你想要的目标。紧接着开始解释，提到比如，你是否想要更新你的形象?那么，对于一个人来讲，这个目标可能是要被认真对待或者要加强专业的形象。对于其他人，这个目标可能是要被看作可以触摸到的，或者是现代的，或者是时尚的。对于那些要从金融转到广告的，他们可能得看起来更“SOHO”.所以，整段都在讲目标。而选项F中的”goal”形成复现。故为答案。
　　43.D Understand the context
　　解析：复现原则，文章多次重复environment, understand the context 就是要理解你的工作处境。
　　44.E Work with professionals
　　解析：复现原则，文章多次重复professional, work with,就是要与专业人士一起工作。
　　45.G Make it efficient
　　解析：此段第二句句首出现instead, 故为转折句。所以从此句获得中心内容。该句讲的是“最好是将形象升级用做减少做决定的机会。”紧接着提到“选取一套标准的工作服或几个其他的选择。把衣服一下子都买了，而不是一个人购买，或者一次只买一件”。这些提到的都是要有效率。故选G。
　　Part C
　　Translation
　　Directions:
　　Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)
　　Mental health is our birthright. (46) We don’t have to learn how to it it built into us that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don't understand the value of mental health and we don't know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’ like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.
　　Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem - confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives - the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles ,with kindness if they are in pain,and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for soving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful,managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves and toward others as well as patience while driving,catching a fish,working on our car,or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature,in culture,in the flow of our daily lives.
　　(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives,it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong,good from bad,friend from foe.Mental health has commonly been called conscience,instinct,wisdom,common sense,or the inner voice.We think of it simply as a healthy and helpful flow of intelligent thought .(50) As you will come to see ,knowing that mental heath is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.
　　46.We don’t have to learn how to it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.
　　[句子结构]分号连接的两个并列句，第一个并列句主干是 We don’t have to learn ，how引导宾语从句做learn的宾语，第二个并列句主干是it is built into us in the same way，that引导定语从句修饰先行词way，that定语从句中主干是our bodies know，how引导宾语从句做know的宾语。
　　[参考译文]我们无需刻意去了解学习才能让心理更健康，它正如我们的身体知道怎样让伤口愈合和修复骨折一样，是根植于我们体内的/是我们与生俱来的能力。
　　47.Our mental health doesn’ like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.
　　[句子结构]分号连接的两个并列句, 第一个并列句主谓结构，很简单，第二个并列句中，like the sun behind a cloud是状语，but 连接两个并列分句，包括短语be hidden from 和be capable of. 涉及被动语态的翻译方法。
　　[参考译文]我们的心理健康并不是真的消失不见，就像云朵背后的太阳，它也许暂时被遮挡，但是它也可以在瞬间重焕光芒。
　　48.Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles, with kindness if they are in pain, and with unconditional love no matter who they are.
　　[句子结构]句子主干是 Mental health allows us to view others， 三个并列with 引导的介词短语做状语，前两个with引导的状语中各包含一个if引导的条件状从，最后一个with状语中包含一个no matter 引导的让步状语。
　　[参考译文] 心理健康使我们在他人遇到麻烦时给予同情，在他人痛苦时心存善意，而且无论对方是谁都会给予无条件的关爱。
　　49.[参考译文]尽管拥有健康的心智是我们生活中的万能药，但它并不稀奇，你会发现在你难以做决定时，它一直在指引着你。
　　[解析]本题有一个由although引导的让步状语从句，as引导的时间状语从句，以及that引导的宾语从句构成。此处“mental health”若是翻译成心理健康与下文连接，则不符合中文表达习惯，又因mental本身与智力相关，所以将其翻译成“健康的心智”;此外“perfectly ordinary”可以正译，译为“非常普遍”，本译文采取正话反说的方式，译为“并不稀奇”。再次，“difficult decisions”若翻译为困难的决定，不符合中文的表达方式，所以将decision，名词译为动词“做决定”。
　　50.As you will come to see, knowing that mental health is always available and knowing to trust it allow us slow down to the moment and live life happily.
　　[参考译文]你会慢慢理解到，健康的心智会一直存在，坚信这一点，此刻我们就可以放慢生活节奏，快乐的生活。
　　[解析]本题由as 引导的时间状语从句，that引导的宾语从句组成，并且考察代词“it”。“see”在此时了解而不是看到的意思，意思和knowing一致，随意合并翻译;“available”本意“可得到的”，句中意译为“一直存在”。
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