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英语三大从句是什么
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从句是相对于主句而言的,即它是从属于某一个主句,而不能单独作一个句子.在英语中,主要有三大从句,即名词性从句（包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）. 主语从句用作主语,如：： That the earth is round is true. 地球为圆的是真实的. 宾语从句用作宾语.如： Do you know where he lives? 表语从句用作表语,如： My opinion is that you should not go alone. 我的意见是你不应单独前往. 同位语从句用于解释说明前面的名词.如： The fact that the earth is round is true. 地球是圆的的事实是真实的.（that从句用于解释说明the fact） 定语从句相当于一个形容词,用于修饰前面的名词.如： The student who answered the question was John. 回答问题的学生是John. 状语从句相当于一个副词,如： When it rains, I usually go to school by bus. 天下雨时,我通常坐公共汽车上学.（时间状语） If he comes tomorrow, you will see him. 如果他明天来,你就可以看见他.（if 引导的条件状语从句,其结构为：if +状语从句,＋主句）.要注意在状语从句中有一个规则是“主将从现”,即主句是将来时,则从句要用一般现在时表示将来. 主句和从句的划分方法是相同的.句子的成分从谓语动词处来划分比较容易.谓语动词前面的部分是主语,后面常接宾语,修饰谓语动词的是状语,修饰主语、宾语的是定语,若谓语是系动词,则系动词后的部分是表语.如： I am a teacher. 其中,I 是主语,am是谓语,a teacher 是表语. He likes playing football very mucy. 其中,he是主语,likes是谓语,playing football是宾语,very much是状语. 名词从句、定语从句 名词从句 名词从句有四类：宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句.例如： 宾语从句：I don’t know where he will go. 主语从句：Where he will go is unknown. 表语从句：The problem is how we can get so much money. 同位语从句：We all feel sorry about the news that he failed in the game. 下面几点是学习名词从句要加以注意的： 1． whether和if都可以引导宾语从句表达“是否”意,（即引导宾语从句时if和whether 可以互换）但以下几种名词从句要用whether（不用if）引导： （1） 引导主语从句,且在句首时.例：Whether he has won the tennis is not known.(但 It is not known whether/if he has won the tennis). （2） 引导表语从句时.例The problem is whether he can get a job. （3） 引导同位语从句时.例：I have no idea whether he will come. （4） 介词后的whether从句.例：I worry about whether I hurt her feelings. 2． 位于句首引导主语从句的that不可忘. 例如：That he got the first place in the competition surprised all of us. 3． 在“It is suggested/proposed/ordered/a pity/no wonder/necessary/strange/…＋ that从句”结构中,that从句谓语有时用（should）do这样的虚拟语气形式. 例如：It is suggested that we(should) improve the relations between us. It is a pity that one(should) stay in one place all one?s life. It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings（缺点）. 4． 在“The reason why…is that…”句式中that不要误为because. 例如：The reason why he didn?t go to school yesterday is that he was ill. 5． 名词从句中that,what用法比较： 引导名词从句的that是连词,在句中无成份,无意义,而what是连接代词,what＝the thing(s) that. 例如：It was told in yesterday?s newspaper that what the students had done was praised by the factory. I know that he will study. I know what he will study. That he works hard at his lessons is known to us all. What he works hard at is known to us all. All I ask is that you should tell the truth./He is not what(＝the person that)he used to be.他和以前大不相同了. 6． where在名词从句中的使用特点： where在名词从句中有时可以变为“the place where”,有时可以变为“介词＋the place where” 形式.例如： 主从：Where(＝The place where)she has gone is still unknown. 宾从：Would you please tell me where(＝the place where) Mr Smith lives? 表从：Your dictionary remains where(＝in/at the place where)you put. 同位从：Have you any idea where(＝of the place where) she is spending her holidays? 7． 无论是哪种名词从句都是陈述语序.例如： I know where he lives./Please tell me what her name is. 当一个特殊疑问句本身就是陈述语序（即“主＋谓＋（宾）”或“主＋系＋表”结构）,将其变为间接引语（即宾语从句）时,无需改变语序.例如： What?s the matter with him? She asked me what was the matter with him. Who looks after your grandfather? He asked me who looked after my grandfather. 名词从句考点分析 1．They want to know ______ do to help us. (NMET) A. what they can B. how they can C. how can they D. what can they 析：此题要选陈述语序项,故应排除C、D.又因how they can do不完整,do后无宾 语,故也应排除,只有A项既是陈述语序,且what they can do完整正确地表达出“他 们能做些什么”这一意思,故答案为A. 2．His teacher ______ he ______ bright and ______ he was worth teaching. A.didn’that B.whether C.didn’× D.wasn?t;× 析：观察题目,可知think后跟有and连接的两个并列宾语从句,这时前一个宾语从句 的引导语that可以省略,但引导后一宾语从句的that不可省略,据此,可排除C、D 两个选项.若选B项,全句意思不通,而选择A项可表达“他的老师认为他不聪明,不 值得教”这一意思,且语法结构无误,故可定A是正确答案. 3．______ is done cannot be undone. A.How B.That C.What D.Where 析：do一般作及物动词使用,从题干看,需选一词作主语（逻辑上是done的宾语）. 而A.How,D.Where均是副词,不能作主语,故应排除.B项that一词只能在定语从句 中作主语,不能在主语从句中作主语,也应排除.只有选what(＝the thing that),才 能正确表述“凡是做的不可不做”这一意思. 4．Take care ______ you don?t make mistakes in the coming exam. A.of that B.about that C.for what D.that 析：take care是“注意”、“当心”意,后面可跟that引导的宾语从句来表达“当心 不要…”意思,据此,该题应选D. 5．To his surprise,the umbrella was not ______ he had put. A.which B.where C.the place D.that 析：观察题干,was not后是表语,根据where在表语从句中相当于in/at the place where, 将其置于空白处则可表达“伞不在他当初放的地方”这一意思,而C选项缺少词,不可 选.A、D项皆不合用. 6．______ we can?t get seems better than ______ we have. A.what B.that C.that D.what 析：此题显然是要表达“我们得不到的东西似乎比我们得到的东西好.”这一意思,即 “A seems better that B”结构,根据what＝the thing(s) that这一特点,将其置 于两空白处正好可以表达出前者比后者好这一意思,故答案为A. 7．______ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A.If B.Whether C.That D.Where 析：此题depends前的主语从句是一个不肯定的内容,在句首表“是否”意时,只能用 Whether,不可用If.故答案为B. 8．______ they are most interested in is ______ they can produce more and better cars. A.Thow B.Whow C.Wwhat D.Tthat 析：is前面是一个主语从句,要表达“他们最感兴趣的（东西）”这一意思,只能选what 填入空白;is是表语从句,显然只有选how才能表达“如何生产更多更好的汽车”,故 答案为B. 9．He made a suggestion that the English test ______ until next Wednesday. A.will be put off B.be put off C.will put off D.put off 析：suggestion,order,adivce等词后的同位语从句谓语要用（should）do的形式,且 该句中test与put off为被动关系,故选B. 10．I don?t think ______ he said something like that is right. A.that B.what C.whether D.when 析：此句think后是一宾语从句,这个宾语从句的主语在is之前,它是一个被动句. 因为he said something like that已经含有主、谓、宾、状等成分,只有选不表意义, 不做成分的that才合适,故选A. 定语从句 一、 定语从句与引导词 定语从句是在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句.被修饰的名词或代词叫做选行词, 而引导定语从句的词叫引导词,有关系代词和关系副词两类. 懂得什么样的先行词后用什么样的引导词是学好定语从句的关键. 1． 关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose,在定语从句中作主语、宾语中表语,whose 作定语.代人的有：who,whom,whose,that；代物的有：that,which,whose.例如： The man who helped you is Mr White.(who代人,在定语从句中作主语) That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see.(whom,who,that代人,在定 语从句中作宾语,可省略) I?m not the fool(that) you thought me to be.(that代人,在定从中作表语) A dictionary is a useful book which(＝that) tells us the meaning of words(which 或that代物,在定从中作主语) 2． 关系副词有：when(指时间),where(指地点),why(指原因),在定语从句中作状语. 例如：Would you suggest a time(when) we can have a talk?(when可省略) The house where they live is not very large./This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting. 注意：不是表时间的先行词都用when引导定从,不是表地点的先行词都用where引导定从.例如：We?ll visit the factory which(＝that) makes radios. (which或that在定从中作主语,where不可用主语,故不可用) They still remember the happy days(which/that) they spent in Beidaihe. (which或that在定从中作spent的宾语,when不可作宾语,故不可用) 二、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句和主句之间不用逗号分开,修饰主句中的某一个名词或名词词组或代 词；非限制性定语从句常用逗号和主句隔开,可以修饰主句中的某一个词,也可修饰整个句子.非限制性定语从句不能用that引导,引导非限制性定语从句的关系词不能省略.非限制性定语从句例：Li Ping?s father, who works in a factory, is an engineer./He tore up my photo, which made me very angry.(which指代主句内容,因前后两句是因果关系,此时which不可换为as.) He is good at physics, as is known to us all.＝As is known to us all, he is good at physics.(as指代主句内容,在as is known/believed, as we all know/believe这类结构中as不可换为which) 三、 只用that引导和不用that引导的场合 1． 只用that引导和不用that引导的场合 1） 当先行词既包括人又包括物时：He talked about the men and the books that attracted him. 2） 指物的先行词被any, every, only, very, all, no等修饰时：These are the very points that interest me./That?s the only watch that I like most. 3） 指物的先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时：The first step that we are to take is very difficult./This is the second card that he gave me. 4） 先行词是指物的不定代词all,little,few,much,及everything,anything,nothing等时：There is still much that can be done about it./Have you got everything that you need? 5） 先行词是who时：Who that have seen him does not like him? 2． 不用that的场合如下： 1）非限制性定语从句中 Last night ,I saw a very good film,which was about the Long March . 2）介词放在关系代词之前时 This is the man from whom I learnt the news 3）句中出现了that,或先行词是that时 I have found that which I was looking for.
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高考英语三大从句是哪些，你分得清吗？
一、名词性从句　　1.当从句的结构与意义都完整，说话人语气坚定用that，有疑问用whether/if。　　2.当从句的结构完整，意义不完整，缺状语用where,when,why,how, 缺定语用whose或which。　　3.当从句的结构不完整，缺主宾表，说事用what，说人用who, whom。　　二、形容词性从句(定语从句)　　1.当从句的结构不完整，缺主宾表，说事用that /which，说人用that/who/whom.　　2.当从句的结构完整，意义不完整，缺状语用where(in/on+which),when(in/on/at/during+which),why(for+which).　　3.当从句的结构不完整，缺定语用whose(=of which/whom +the+n. = the+n.+of which/whom)　　三、副容词性从句(状语从句)　　时间状语 when, whenever, while, as, before, after, until, till, by the time, as soon as, hardly…when, no sooner…than, the moment, the second, the minute, immediately, directly, instantly　　地点状语 where, wherever　　原因状语 because, as, since, now that　　条件状语 if, unless, once, in case, as long as, on condition that　　目的状语 so that, in order that, for fear that　　结果状语 so…that, such…that　　比较状语 than, as…as, not so/as…as, the more…the more　　方式状语 as if, as though, as　　让步状语 though, although, even if, even though, as, no matter what, whatever, no matter who, whoever, no matter which, whichever, no matter how, however, no matter when, whenever&&&专业英语培训十一年。英语培训，我们更专业！
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你可能喜欢Ⅰ.专题特训(三大从句)；1．AftervisitingHarbin,mo；A．thatB．whatC．whenD．atwh；解析考查定语从句；答案A；2．―Howarethingsgoing,Jan；―Theyhavesetouttodealwit；A．whichB．whereC．whenD．wh；解析考查定语从句；答案A；3．Morepublickind
Ⅰ.专题特训(三大从句)
1．After visiting Harbin, most of the foreign friends said they would never forget the time ________ they had spent. A．that
D．at which 解析 考查定语从句。句意：在访问过哈尔滨之后，大多数外国友人都说，他们永远不会忘记在那里度过的那段时光。句式分析可知，先行词为the time，从句中缺少宾语成分(作spend的宾语)，故应用which或that来引导定语从句。故答案选A。 答案 A 2．―How are things going, Janet? ―They have set out to deal with the present situation ________ they think deserves their immediate attention. A．which
D．what 解析 考查定语从句。句意：――Janet，目前事情进展如何？――他们已开始着手处理这种值得立即关注的现状。分析句式可知：they think是插入语，先行词是(the present) situation，又因定语从句中缺少主语成分，故应用which来引导定语从句。注意本题不要受定势思维干扰而误选B项，situation是先行词，在从句中作状语时，才用where引导定语从句。故答案选A。 答案 A 3．More public kindergartens ________ preschool kids can spend their fun？filled childhood will be built this year. A．to which
B．with whom C．in which
D．from where 解析 考查定语从句。句意：今天将建立更多的公立幼儿园，学前儿童将在那度过充满乐趣的童年。根据固定搭配，spend time in some place/in doing/on sth.，由此可知，此处选用介词in，in which＝where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词more public kindergartens。故答案C符合语境。 答案 C 4．―Where did you have the discussion with Professor Snow? ―It was in the classroom ________ we had a biology lesson yesterday. A．which
D．where 解析 考查定语从句。句意：――你在哪里和Snow教授谈话的？――就在我们昨天上生物课的那间教室里谈的。where引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词the classroom。故D项正确。本题易错选C项，考生误认为是强调句型。本句变成强调句型，应该是：It was in the classroom where we had a biology lesson yesterday that I had the discussion with Professor Snow. 答案 D 5．The college student lost his life trying to save the drowning child，________ he will always be remembered. A．in which
B．about which C．by which
D．for which 解析 考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为定语从句，先行词为逗号前整句话内容，语境表示“因他所做的一切，他将永远被铭记”。在选项中，介词for可表示原因，符合题意，因此，空格处应用for which来引导定语从句。故答案选D。 答案 D 6．Soon children in the camp had many new friends，______ they shared food, stories, and
projects. A．for which
B．with whom C．of which
D．to whom 解析 考查定语从句。句意：夏令营里的孩子们很快就有了许多新朋友，他们一起分享食物、故事和专题研究。share sth with sb意为“和某人分享某物”。故B项正确。 答案 B 7．________ is shown in the report, teenager problems are often connected with family life education. A．Which
D．What 解析 考查定语从句。句意：正如报告所显示的那样，青少年问题常与家庭教育密切相关。关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句，可位于句首，代指后面整个句子，作从句的主语。故B项正确。 答案 B 8．The course about Chinese food attracts over 100 students per year，________ up to half are from overseas. A．in which
B．for whom C．with which
D．of whom 解析 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这门关于中国饮食的课程每年都吸引100多个学生，其中一半是留学生。of表示“??的一部分”，关系代词whom指代100 students，在从句中作介词of的宾语。 答案 D 9．Many people tend to buy things from big store，________ they believe the qualities are good. A．at which
B．of which
D．where 解析 考查定语从句。句意：很多人期望从大商场买东西，他们认为那里的东西质量好。The qualities of things from big stores are good，所以选of which。 答案 B 10．She brought with her three friends, none of ________ I had ever met before. A．them
D．these 解析 考查定语从句。根据逗号后没出现表示并列句的连词可知此句是非限制性定语从句，排除选项A和D；介词后接whom而不是who，故C项正确。 答案 C 11．―How do you think I can make up with Tom? ―Put aside ________ you disagree and try to find ________ you have in common. A．what；what
B．where；what C．what；whether
D．where；whether 解析 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：――你认为我怎么才能和汤姆和解呢？――搁置争议，求同存异。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，第一空处所填词引导宾语从句，并且在宾语从句中作地点状语，说明不一样的地方，因此，应用where；第二空处所填词引导宾语从句并且在宾语从句中作have的宾语，因此，应用what。故答案选B。 答案 B 12．You must notice ________ the emergency exit is when you enter the building. A．which
D．in which 解析 考查宾语从句。句意：当你进入大楼时，必须要留意紧急出口在哪儿。此处是where引导的宾语从句。故B项正确。
答案 B 13．After a day's exhausting climb we arrived at ________ we had been told was Garden in the Air. A．what
D．where 解析 考查名词性从句。句意：经过一天筋疲力尽的攀爬，我们终于到了那个被称为“空中花园”的地方。分析句子结构可知，at为介词，后面是一个宾语从句，we had been told为插入语，宾语从句中缺主语，故用what。故答案选A。 答案 A 14．I couldn't imagine ________ difficult it was for these badly injured victims to make it to the hospital. A．when
D．where 解析 考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，动词imagine的宾语从句中，中心词是形容词difficult，所以用连接词how引导。 答案 B 15．Life is ten percent ________ happens to you and ninety percent ________ you respond to it. A．which；how
B．what；what C．that；that
D．what；how 解析 考查名词性从句。句意：生活的百分之十是事件本身，另有百分之九十在于你如何回应它。分析句子结构可知，第一空引导表语从句，happens to you缺少主语，因此应用what来引导，相当于the thing that；第二空也引导表语从句，you respond to it成分齐全，因此应用how作方式状语。故D项正确。 答案 D 16．―Sir, I feel it complicated to apply to a university abroad. ―Why not read our guide? This is ________ the relevant information is available. A．what
D．why 解析 考查表语从句。――先生，我感到申请到国外上大学是复杂的。――为什么不看我们的指导呢？相关的信息可以从我们的指导中获得。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导表语从句，且在表语从句中作地点状语，故用where引导。 答案 C 17．________ you read English easily, you'll find it is another cup of tea to make conversation in English. A．So long as
B．As soon as C．Even if
D．Only if 解析 考查状语从句。句意：即便你读起英语来很容易，你会发现用英语进行会话是另一回事。根据句意可知，C项正确。so long as “只要”，as soon as “一??就”，even if “即使”，only if “只有”。 答案 C 18．________ the news, so far, has been good, there may be days ahead when it is bad. A．While
C．Because
D．If 解析 考查状语从句。句意：尽管到目前为止消息还不错，但是接下来的日子消息也可能变坏。由此可知主从句是让步转折关系，故选A项。 答案 A 19．She usually keeps her valuables, such as jewels and money，________ she believes secure. A．even if
B．in case
解析 考查状语从句。where引导的地点状语从句。句意：她总是把贵重的东西，比如首饰、钱等放在她认为安全的地方。 答案 C 20．I will accept Guy coming with us，________ he pays for his own meals. A．only if
B．so that C．ever since
D．even though 解析 考查条件状语从句。分析题干的逻辑关系可知，后句是前句的条件，所以用only if。句意：只要他自己付钱吃饭，我就接受Guy和我们一起去。 答案 A Ⅱ.完形填空
体裁：夹叙夹议文 话题：人生经历 时间：15分钟 A father's job is unique. If parents had job descriptions，__1__ would read: organize bills，playmates，laundry，meals，laundry，carpool，laundry，snacks，outings and shopping，and laundry. The only thing on my husband's description would be the word“__2__”．Although he is a selfless caregiver and provider，our children __3__ him more as a combination of a jungle gym and clown. Our parenting styles compliment(补充)each other.His __4__ is a nonstop adventure where no one has to worry about washing their hands，eating vegetables，__5__ getting cavities(蛀牙)．My style is similar to Mussolini.I'm too busy worrying to be fun.__6__，every time I try，I am constantly __7__ by my husband. I bought my children toothpaste and I taught them how to __8__ their teeth in tiny circles so they wouldn't get cavities.They thought it was neat until my husband taught them how to rinse(漱口)by spitting __9__ water between their two front teeth like a fountain(喷泉)． I took the children on a walk in the woods and，after two hours，I __10__ to catch a slow ladybug into my son's insect cage.I was“cool”until their father came home，spent two __11__ in the backyard，and captured a beetle the size of a Chihuahua! I try to tell myself I am a good parent __12__ my husband does things I can't do.I can stand in line for five hours so the children can see Santa at the mall or be first in line to see the latest Disney movie.But I __13__ wire the VCR so my children can watch their favorite __14__． I can carry my children in my arms when they are tired，tuck them into bed，and __15__ them goodnight.But I can't put them on my shoulders so they can see the moths(飞蛾)__16__ inside of the light fixture. I can take them to doctor __17__，or field trips to the aquarium(水族馆)，but I'll never go fishing in the wilderness and __18__ the fish over an open flame on a piece of tin foil. I'll even sit in the first row of every Little League game and cheer until my throat is __19__，but I'll never teach my son how to hit a home run or slide into first base. As a mother I can do a lot of things for my children，but no matter how hard I try―I can never be their __20__． 【语篇导读】 一个非常好的母亲能不能代替父亲的角色呢？本文的答案是：再合格的母亲也无法代替父亲，父亲的角色是独特的！ 1．A.theirs
解析 考查代词。前文提到job descriptions，且全文以第一人称叙述，此处应是my job description，所以用mine。 答案 D 2．A.disappointment
B．fun C．curiosity
D．amazement 解析 考查名词。本段尾句的叙述，不难得出对这位父亲的描述就是fun，这里的clown表示“小丑”。 答案 B 3．A.think about
B．think up C．think of
D．think over 解析 考查短语动词。后文有as提示，think of sb/sth as...是常用搭配，表示“认为??是??”。 答案 C 4．A.style
C．opportunity
D．description
解析 考查名词。本段首句有提示，本段后半部分也有提示。 答案 A 5．A.and
D．so 解析 考查连词。本句中getting cavities要和前文的washing their hands，eating vegetables并列，而且前面有否定词no one，所以要用or。 答案 B 6．A.However
B．Besides C．Therefore
D．Instead 解析 考查副词。根据前句和后句之间的关系，断定二者之间是并列关系，所以用B项。 答案 B 7．A.outlined
B．output C．outweighed
D．outdone 解析 考查动词词义辨析。这里的outdone，表示“被胜过/被超过”。 答案 D 8．A.clean
D．clear 解析 考查动词词义。前文提到了牙膏，应特指使用牙刷刷牙，所以用C。 答案 C 9．A.up
D．out 解析 考查短语动词。A项表示“婴儿的呕吐”，B项表示“向某人啐吐沫”； B项表示“啐吐沫于??”；D项表示“喷出/吐出”。 答案 D 10．A.managed
B．succeeded
C．attempted
D．tried 解析 考查动词词义辨析。manage to do表示“成功做了某事”，B项不跟to do；C项和D项表示“尝试去做某事，不一定成功的”。 答案 A 11．A.hours
C．minutes
D．weeks 解析 考查名词词义。此处应突出父亲的能干，作者用两个小时才捉到了一个又慢又小的瓢虫，而父亲应是用二分钟就捉到了一个大如Chihuahua的甲虫！ 答案 C
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