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土英词典Dictionary Turkish - English
Please Note: This dictionary was intended to further understanding between English and Turkmen speakers. It may be freely distributed for educational purposes. It may not be sold for profit without the express written permission of its authors. Please direct all comments and inquiries regarding this dictionary to the following e-mail address: greglas@aya.yale.edu Helpful feedback and suggestions are always appreciated. Greg Lastowka Charlottesville 1999Introduction iiTURKMEN - ENGLISH DICTIONARYa SPA project of Peace Corps TurkmenistanContributing Editors:Jonathan Garrett Greg Lastowka Akgul Muhammetmuradova Jahan Myradova Kimberly Naahielua Meena Pallipamu Muhammed Rustamov Meretgul Sharipova Aynabat Yaylymova? 1996 Garret, Lastowka, Naahielua, PallipamuIntroduction iiiIntroductionThis dictionary is, to our knowledge, the first comprehensive Turkmen/English dictionary to be printed. It consists of over 10,000words and definitions and is intended as a general-purpose dictionary. This dictionary was conceptualized, researched, and written as a secondary project of Peace Corps volunteers living in Turkmenistan, aided by Peace Corps staff and local counterparts. Its first printingwas funded by a Small Project Assistance grant from the United States Goverment through Peace Corps Turkmenistan. We hope that it will aid incommunication and mutual understanding between the people of our two countries. Please direct any comments, corrections, or ommissions to Turkmen Dictionary Project, c/o Peace Corps Turkmenistan, P.O. Box 258, Krugozor, Central Post Office, Ashgabat 744000.Introduction ivAcknowledgementsThis dictionary was a cooperative effort.We would like to extendour thanks to: Ainabat Yaylymova for her enthusiasm and dedic Muhamet Rustamov of Bairam Ali for his expertise and assistance in translating obscur Mehri Karkulova and Zuhre of the Peace Corp Staff in Ashgabat for their proofreading an Berdi and Gulya Orazahatov of Bairam Ali for their encou Sofia Esenovna Bagirova of Buzmein f and special thanks to Atgul Muhammetmuradova for her assistance throughout the project. The authors also wish to acknowledge the contribution of V. Mesgudov, whose Turkmen/Russian Student's Dictionary was an important resource. Above all, the authors would like to thank our Turkmen friends, families, and co-workers, who taught us their language and made this book possible. Jonathan Garrett Greg Lastowka Kimberly Naahielua Meena Pallipamu Ashgabat, September 1996Introduction vAbbreviations adj. adv. anat. bot. col. fig. geol. geom. gram. i.e. mat. med. mil. n. poet. r. adjective adverb anatomical botanical colloquial figurative use geological geometrical grammatical for example mathematical medical military noun, or noun-adjective poetic language denotes that the word in question is either exists in the Russian language, or is derived from a word that exists in the Russian language. verb zoologicalv. zool.Notes on MethodEvery attempt was made to find the most reasonable and accurate translation for all words. In cases where a single Turkmen word has no single equivalent in English, multiple possible translations are separated by a comma, i.e.:?ekismediscussion, debateWhen a word has various meaning in Turkmen, the multiple meanings are separated by numbers, i.e.:gujak1. embrace2. armfullWhen a two completely different words are spelled alike, their different meanings are separated by Roman numerals, i.e.:sazI. music, musicalII. accurate, intactIntroduction viWhere two words are spelled alike, but differentiated by a long vowel (see Appendix), they are listed as above, with the long vowel indicated by the vowel letter in brackets, i.e.:atI. horseII.[a:] 1. name2. vowelOccasional examples of usage are given to help readers understand the word in context, or understand how the word is used in an idiomatic way. In this case, the illustrated word is followed by a colon, whichis followed by the example, i.e.:deklike, as:Bu bur? dek ajy = This is hot as a pepperIn most cases, part of speech is obvious and ommitted in the interest of conserving space. However, when the part of speech is wouldotherwise be ambiguous, it is indicated. When single-word translations are impossible, or clarification of usage is necessary, editorial text is written in italics. or two word comments, parentheses are used. For short oneIntroduction viiPrinter's Note At the time of this printing, a complete computer-based font of the new Turkmen alphabet characters was not available to the general public. As a result, three characters have been substituted with close equivalents. These characters are as follows:Official CharacterSubstitute Character ? / ? ? / ? ? / ?
Turkmen/English Dictionary 1Aabadan?ylyk well-being abadanla? dyrmak to make well abadanla? mak to be made well abanmak to lean over abat intact abatlyk intactness abra? reputation abuna subscription abuna?y subscriber abzal tool abzallar instruments abzalla? dyrmak to make a tool a? g?z greedy a? open a?-a?an freely, frankly : A?a?an a?tsana = Please speak frankly a?ar key a?g?zlylyk greed, fighting by greedy people a?mak to open a?yk adj. open a?yly? opening ada island adaglamak to betrothe adagly betrothed adalat fairness adalatly fair, just adalatlylyk justice adalatsyzlyk injustice adalga term, title adam person, man adamk?r?ilik philanthropy adamzat humanity adat?a normal, okay adatlanmak to adapt adaty usual admiral r. admiral adres r. address adykmak to acquire adyl lavish, wealthy ady?daky named after affiks r. affix afi? r. poster a afrikaly African aga 1. older brother 2. (Balkan dialect) uncle agajet withered, wrinkled agaran 1. creamy froth of ?al 2. foam, froth 3. lightened, whipped upagdar-du?der etmek to turn upside-down agdarmak to overturn, push over agdyk overmuch agdyklyk predominance aglaba often, the greater part aglamak to cry, weep agralmak 1. to grow heavy, weighten 2. to advance in pregnancy agram weight agramly heavy agsak lame agsamak to limp ag? amky adj. evening ag? amlyk nahar dinner agtarmak to search, to look for agtary? search, quest agtyk grandchild agy weeping, crying agyl pen, enclosure agyr heavy agyrlyk weight agyrmak to hurt agyrtmak to hurt, cause pain agyry 1. ill 2. troubles agyz beklemek to fast agyz mouth agyzzyryk horse's bit agza member agzala disjointed agzamak 1. to mention someone else 2. to give voice to agzybir friendly agzybirlik friendship ah darn! aha aha! ahlak moral (of a story) ahmyr etmek to regret, lament ahmyr regret, lament ahwalet adverb ahyr 1. trough 2. end, exit ahyrky last, final ahyryn last, final ajal death ajamak 1. to be spoiled 2. to be fermented ajatmak 1. to spoil 2. to ferment aja?yp wonderful, beautiful ajdarha dragon aj?ze on an empty stomach ajy spicy, peppery, hotajyga ajyga, a spicy Turkmen salad or sauce made from potatoes, garlic, peppers, and onions ajykmak to be hungry, hunger ak white akaba flowing akar stream, flow akdyrmak to release, let flow water or any other liquid akg?wünli honest, openhearted aklamak to whiten, whitewash aklaw?y lawyer akmak 1. foolish, stupid 2. to flow akmaklyk stupidity akrobat r. acrobat aktiw r. active akt?or r. actor ak?uzli pale akyl mind akyldar intellectual akylly smart, clever akylsyz stupid akylsyzlyk stupidity akym stream, flow akytmak to pour al pink ala multi-colored (2 colors) alabahar early spring alabeder multi-colored (3 or more colors) ala? exit, escape ala?syz inescapable ala?syzlyk inevitability, unavoidability alada cares, troubles alada etmek to care for, go to trouble over aladalanmak to care for, go to trouble over aladaly troubled, preoccupied aladandan in the pre-dawn alahekik magpie alahuberen alahuberen, a species of white and gray snake alaja talisman of camel hair alajy purchaser, customer alaka rat alamat mark, sign, signifier alamatlandyrmak to signify ala? hill alarmak to dazzleTurkmen/English Dictionary 2alarylmak to stare threateningly, to glare angrily alasarmyk cloudy, uncertain ala?az early spring: ol ala?az ?aly boldy = he came out of his bad mood al?ak friendly, sociable aldamak to lie aldanmak to deceive oneself aldaw deception, lie aldaw?y liar, rascal, faker aldygyna to the best of (my, its, his) ability : Men buni aldyguna etdim = I tried my best to do this aldym-berdimli hardfought, give-and-take algy debt aljyramak to be insecure aljyra??y insecure, uncertain, afraid to act aljyratmak to make someone/something a nervous wreck alkym chin allan?me wonderful alma 1. apple 2. (as a command) Don't take it! almak to take al?asamak to hurry, make haste al?asan hurried al?asatmak to hasten altmy? sixty alty six altyn gold aluw-satuw commerce alyjy buyer alym scientist alymlyk science (degree) alyn forehead, way, lead alyndaky fore alynda?y head scarf alyp gelmek to come taking, to bring alys far alysda distant aly? -?aly? exchange aly? mak to exchange amal action aman 1. health, safety, wholeness 2. safe amanat unknown property amatly comfortable, handy amatsyz uncomfortable angyz spicy plant anna fridayanonom anonymous ant oath anyk obvious anyklamak to make clear anyklyk clarity a? mind, thought a?-bilim education, knowledge a?-dü? ünje prospect, vista a?almak to wonder a?karmak to look over a?kaw stinker a?kawmak to emit an unpleasing odor a?latma expression, formula a?latmak to express, signify a?ly sober a?mak to feel, understand a?ry opposite a?sat easy a?syrmak to understand a?zak frost ap-ak whitest apbasy two-sided ar almak to take revenge ar revenge ar-namys integrity ara interval, middle araba cart (animal driven) arabaglan? yk tie, connection ara??k border ara??kde? bordering ara?y intermediary arada recently aradan ?ykmak to die aradan since then aragatna? yk tie, connection arak vodka arakesme recess, break. time-out aralamak to take apart arala? mak to attack aralyk 1. distance, interval 2. middle-sized aram moderately aram-aram sometimes, now and then arassa clean arassalamak 1. to clean 2. to peel ardynjyramak to cough up arga? woof, weft (carpetmaking term) argyn tired argynlyk weariness arheolog r. archeology, archeologistarheologik r. archeological arhitektura r. architecture arhiw r. archive arka back (physical) arkada??n? brace, support arkalanmak to hope arkala? mak to give a hand to, assist arkala? yk mutual aid arkala? yk support arkaly supported, helped by arkan prone arka?yn bolmak to count on arka?yn safe arka?ynlamak to quiet, to make still arman impossible fantasy armyt pear arpa barley arryk skinny arryklamak to get skinny arslan lion artdyrma increase, multiply artilleri?a r. artillery artist r. artist, actor artmak 1. to increase 2. to peel artyk extra artykma? 1. extra 2. very: artykma? gyz = very good girl ary bee arza declaration arzan inexpensive arzuw dream, wish arzuw etmek to wish arzuwlamak to wish as lizard asfalt r. asphalt asgy? hanging peg asgyn weak asgynlamak to weaken asgynlyk weakness asgyrmak to sneeze aslynda generally asmak to hang up asman air, sky aspirant r. graduate student assa gently assistent r. assistant assyryn secret assyrynlyk secretiveness ast bottom, below astronom r. astronomer astronomi?a r. astronomy asuda peaceful asudalyk peaceTurkmen/English Dictionary 3asyl tribe, kin : sizi? asly?iz kim? = Who are your kin? asylly noble asylmak to hang asylyp durmak tohang, be hanging asyr century a? food a? too much a a? ak below : a?agy? a? agynda bolmak = to be underfoot a? aklamak to lower a? aky beggar, low-life a? gar lye a? gazan stomach a? mak to cross : K??eden a? dym = I crossed the street a? pez cook a? yk sheep knee-bones (used in a children's game like dice) a? somersault yr a? yrmak to get across at 1. horse 2. [a:] first name 3. [a:] noun 4. (as a command) shoot! at calysma pronoun at capysyk horse race at ?atak stable at-abra? authority, reputation ata grandfather ata-baba forefather ata-ene parents atagzy 1. mouthful, bite 2. pliers atanak cross atanakla?yn upon the cross atarmak to get started (about cooking) atda? namesake atgulak 1. wedding gifts 2. a kind of grass atlandyrmak to name, call atla?yn 1. [a:] namely 2. on top atlaz 1. r. atlas 2. r. satin atletika r. athletics atly 1. [a:] namely 2. [a:] topmost 3. [a:] famous 4. on horseback atmak 1. throw 2. put 3. shoot (a weapon) 4. to add drink or food atmosfera r. atmosphere atom r. atom at?atak stall, boothat?uzli narrow atyjy shooter atym fingerful (about a tablespoon) atyr scent aty? mak to shoot down atyz garden bed auditori?a r. auditiorium aut out (as used in sports) aw hunt awamak to hunt awatmak to hunt (something) aw?y hunter awlamak to hunt awu? amak to hunt (something) awy poison a? 1. moon 2. month a?a palm a?agu? geo. foot, bottom a?ak leg, end a?ak?y mosquito (lit. &legger&) a?akgap footwear a?akgap shoe a?aklamak to finish a?akly leggy, fast a?ak?ala?a? barefoot a?al wife, woman a?amak to take care of a?an obvious a?at memorial ceremony a?awly cautious a?az frost a?ba-a? every month a?bogda? &Indian style& : A?bogda? y?y gurup otyr?arys = We're sitting &Indian style& a?dylmak to pronounce : By s?z n?hile a?dil?ar? = How do you pronounce this word? a?dyly? pronunciation a?dym song a?dym?i singer a?dy? 1. moonlit, moon (adj.) 2. obvious a?dy?la? dyrmak to make clear, explain a?gyr stallion a?gyt determination a?gytly determined a?lag 1. circle 2. gulf a?lamak to turn, reflect a?lanjyramak to stroll, saunter a?lanma rotationa?lanmak 1. to go around, turn a?la?-sa?la? a little stroll a?lar seasons a?law 1. circle 2. racetrack a?lawly circular, curvy, winding a?lyk 1. salary 2. monthly a?man?a fence a?na window, glass, mirror a?nadan reflective a?nalamak to make glassy a?ra singular, unique a?ralyk loneliness, separation a?ratyn specific, particular a?ratynlyk specificity a?ry different a?rylmak 1. to get out 2. to complete 3. to die a?y bear (animal) a?yl-sa?yl obvious a?ylgan? fright, horror a?yp worthy of blame a?ypgy? accusative (gram.) a?yplamak to blame a?yrmak to complete az little, few az-azdan little by little az-oblak a little bit aza ill azalmak to lessen azap torment, torture azar bermek to give trouble, pain azar trouble, pain aza? mak to get lost azat free azatlyk freedom azgyrylmak to holler azmak to get spoiled azot r. nitrogen azyk foodTurkmen/English Dictionary 4Bbaba grandfather babatda on the part of babatdan from that, that's why bada initially bada-bat immediately badamjan eggplant badyna immediately bag 1. tree 2. lace, shoelace bagaj r. baggage bagana sheep skin bagjyk lace baglamak to join, connect baglany? yk joint, unison baglany? ykly united bagla?jy united, joined bagly bolmak to depend on bagly dependent bag? singer y bagt luck bagtly happy (with luck) bagyr liver bagyr-??ken lungs bagy? devoted bagy? lamak 1. to forgive 2. to dedicate, devote baha mark, grade, price bahana excuse bahanlamak to find an excuse for bahar spring bahyl envious bahyllyk envy bahym soon (dialect of basym) baja wife's brother bajak cousin bajy husband's sister (rarely used) bajyp significant, important bak tank, vessel baka straight toward: Ol ma?a baka ??r?r gel??rdi = she came straight to me bakale?a r. grocery store, groceries bakaly well, c'mon : A?t bakaly = well, tell me already bakja melonfield bakmak to graze animals bakteria r. bacteria baky eternal bakyna colonialbaky? glance : ogryn baky? = a furtive (stolen) glance bal honey bala baby balak pants bal?y bee-keeper baldak stable baldyz younger sister-in-law balet r. ballet balkon r. balcony balkyldamak to glisten, glitter ballistik r. ballistic balyk fish banderol r. package bank bank banka r. jar bap chapter bar to exist : Seni? kell?? barmy? = Are you thinking? (Do you have your head?) barabar equal, equally barada about barda? healthy ly bardy-geldi if something comes up : Bardy-geldi siz gerek bolsany?iz... = If it happens you need something... barha all barlag check-up barlag i? quiz barlag?y examiner barlamak to check, examine barly rich in possessions, abundant barlyk being barly? yk coming, meeting, gathering barmak 1. finger, toe 2. to go barrikada r. baracade bars r. snow leopard bar?er r. barrier bary all, everyone, everything, entire: Bary ? umy? = Is this all? bary-?ogy all in all baryp again basgalamak to trample basgan?ak step(s) basmak to press basse?n r. pool bassyrma awning basybalyjy agressor basylmak to lose, be defeated basym soonbasyrganmak to rant and rave basyrmak to close, cover basy? pressure ba? 1. head 2. [a:] boil, abscess ba?egme worship ba?egmek to worship ba?tutan boss, chief ba? a-ba? one on one ba? aga? 1. vain 2. busy ba? aga?lyk vanity ba? arjan efficient ba? armak to be able to ba? arnykly able, capable ba? arnyklyk ability ba? ak the very height, the a? tippy-top ba? da in the beginning ba? dan from the very start ba? dan-a?ak from head to toes ba? ga other ba? zat other things ga ba? ga?a 1. differently 2. otherwise ba? lamak to begin ba? langy? primary beginning ba? ly-barat orderliness ba? lyk boss, hetman bat span batalion r. battallion batare?a r. battery batga 1. slime, mud 2. swamp batlandyrmak to stretch, extend batmak to sink, fall batnyksyz meaningless, silly batyr courageous, bold batyrlyk courage, boldness ba? rich ba?-bow good golly! sheesh! ba?an enriched, become rich ba?anmak to become rich ba?dak flag ba?gu? owl ba?la? dyrmak to enrich ba?lyk wealth ba?rak prize, reward ba?ram festival ba?ry old, great ba?rynmak to rely, be protected, be supported ba?tal mare ba?yr hillTurkmen/English Dictionary 5baza r. base, foundation bazar bazaar be wow! oh! gosh! bede hay beden body beden terbi?e physical training bedenterbie gym, exercise bedre pail bedro? ugly begen? joy begendirmek to gladden bege?ik gusset begres coat bejergi 1. treatment 2. design, pattern bejermek to treat, repair bekemek to harden, strengthen beklemek to block, seal off bela disaster belent big, tall, majestic belentlik height belet acquainted belet?ilik acquaintance belgi sign belgilemek to signify, make or place a sign belka squirrel belke a noodle dish belki apparent bellenme nomination bellenmek to nominate, make known belli well-known bellik sign bent dam, dyke bentlemek to dam up benzin r. gasoline berbat destroyed, destruction ber? tumor ber?ikmek to satiate ber?in rivet berekella clever, &way-togo& bereket abundance bereketli abundant berentak some bergi debt bergidar debtor berhizli on a diet berja? fulfilment : Men bu?rugy berja? etdim = I fulfilled the order berk firm, strong berkitme reinforced, reinforcement berkitmek to fortify berklik firmness, strengthber?oza r. birch bes enough beslemek to decorate bet bad betbagt bad luck betbagtlyk accident, misfortune beter worse beterlemek to worsen : ?el beterle??rdi = The wind got worse betgel? ugly ik betlik badness, mischief betnebis greedy betnebislik greed betniet malevolent, plotting betnysan ugly beton r. concrete betp?l malevolent, plotting be?an etmek to describe, retell, relate be?an tale be?anama tale be?em?i manager be?em?ilik etmek to manage be?gelmek to grow taller be?hu? unconscious be?i quince be?ik great, grand be?ikli-pesli high and low, one and all be?iklik height be?le 1. so, such : Be?le zady nireden aldy?? = Where did you get such a thing? 2. that side be?leki the other, a different be?l?k there : Ol be?l?k gitdi = He went there be?ni brain bezeg decoration bezemek to decorate bezemen well-dressed bezmek same as bezikmek bezzat little rascal b? golly, wow b?bek baby b?gül rose b?hbit advantage, gain, profit b?l?ik merry b?l?iremek to make merry b?l?ire? mek to joke around b?ri 1. here 2. since, this side of b?rik here : B?rik geli? = Come here b?sde? rivalb?sle? rivalry ik b?? five : B??barmagymy? ?aly bil??rin = I know it like my five fingers b?? lik 1. &A& student 2. n. five, fiver biabra? shameful biabra?lyk shame: G?r, n?hile biabra?lyk! = What a shame! biagyry careless, carefree biala? willy-nilly, involuntarily: Biz biala? razyla? dyk = We agreed against our will bi?ak very, extremely : Sizde bi?ak uly pi? bar = ik You have an extremely big cat bi?im cut, fashion bi?im?i tailor bi?mek to cut, tailor biderek 1. useless, worthless 2. dangerous bidin without permission bidüzgün undisciplined biedep discourteous biedeplik discourtesy biga?rat incapable bigün? innocent bigün?lik innocence bihabar misinformed bihepbe a do-nothing, lazybones bija? 1. uncomfortable bije lot, fate, fortune : Bijeli oglan aglamaz ? Accept your fate bikanun lawless bik?r idle bil waist bilagyry rheumatism bilbag belt bilbil nightingale bildiri? announcement bildirmek to make known, to report upon bile together bilek fore-arm bilele? association ik bilelikde together bilen with : ?a?y gant bilen i?! = Drink the tea with sugar! bilesigeliji curious, prying bilesigelijilik curiousity bilet r. ticket bilezik bracelet bilge? le?in on purpose bilgu? ak sash, girdle, beltTurkmen/English Dictionary 6bilim education, knowledge bilimli educated, knowledgeable bilmek to know, to be able : Men ?üzüp bilme??rin = I can't swim bilmezden unknown bilmezlik unknowing bimamla wrong : Sen bimamla = You're wrong. bimaza sleepless bina building binamys shameless bintlemek to screw in bin??t? eternally joined (?) biografi?a r. biography biologi?a r. biology biparh indifferent, careless biperwa? indifferent biperwa?lyk indifference bir bar eken, bir ?ok eken traditional story opening, like our &Once upon a time... &(lit. One says it was, one says it wasn't) bir menzes identical bir one, a biraz a little birazajyk a little bit birbada from the beginning bir?ak long ago birden suddenly birdenka all of a sudden birehim heartless, worthless birek-biregi each other birhili 1. strange, somewhat 2. monotonous, boring biri one of : kitaby? biri = one of the books birigün day after tomorrow birikmek to unite birin-birin from start to finish birinji first biri?ilik priority birkemsiz irreproachable birle? dirmek to unite birle? en united birle? union ik birle? mek to be united : ?hli ?urtlary? proletary birle? = Workers of the i?! world, unite! birlik 1. unit 2. oneness 3. only birlikde together, as one birmahal a long time agobirme?ze? identical birn??e some birsydyrgyn consecutive, uniformly distributed birsyhly continuous : ?agajyk birsyhly aglardy = The kid was crying constantly birtarapla?yn one-sided birwagt a long time ago, once bir?yllyk adj. one-year bisarpa thriftless, uneconomical bi? -du? meal bi? irmek to cook, prepare a dish : meni? ejem ??rek bi? irdi = my mother made bread (??rek) bi? mek to be cooked bitarap neutral bitaraplyk neutrality bita? pairless, odd: bita? jorap = odd sock bitewi sole bitin whole, entire bitirmek to fill up bitmek to become full, to be fulfilled: Onu? islegi bitdi = His desires were fulfilled biwagt at the wrong time biwepa faithless, untrue biwepalyk faithlessness biygty?ar involuntary biynjalyk uneasy biz 1. we 2. awl bizar bolmak to get sick of, grow tired of: Sizi? gürrü?leri?izden men bezigipdirin = I've grown tired of your talk blank r. form bloknot r. notepad bogaldak mast bogaz 1. inlet 2. throat bogmak to tie, bind bognamak to saw: Agajy bognadym = I sawed wood bogulmak to suffocate bogun syllable bok feces boks r. boxing boks?y boxer bokyrdak throat bol 1. full of, rich with : By der?ada balyk bol = This river is full of fish 2. Command form ofbolmak, often used with animals : Bol! = Stay! bolelenlik sufficient bolgusyz meaningless, absurd, ridiculous bolmak to be, happen bolmasa if not, or else : Gowy oka, bolmasa instituta girip bilmersi? = Study well, or else you won't enter the institute. bolu?lyk abundant bolu? 1. behaviour 2. victory bol?ar okay, good bomba r. bomb bombalamak to bomb boran snowstorm bor? duty bor?lanmak to take a duty upon oneself borona r. harrow (in a field) bor? r. borscht (soup) bort r. beehive bosaga threshold : bosagadan ?tlemek = to cross a threshold bosmak to flee bo? free, empty, unused bo? atmak to empty, unload bo? luk emptiness botanika r. botanical botlamak to birth, to calve bo? height bo?ag paint bo?amak to paint bo?dan-ba? from start to a finish bo?da? 1. girlfriend 2. person of the same height bo?un almak to admit, confess bo?un neck bo?un?a on, along, according to : Plan bo?un?a i? ledik = We worked according to the plan boz fallow, untilled : boz erler = virgin lands bozgak trouble-maker bozgaklyk trouble, sedition bozgu? eraser bozmak 1. to erase 2. to ruin bozulan out of tune, out of whack bozylmak to be ruined b?kdemek to obstructTurkmen/English Dictionary 7b?kden? obstruction b?kmek to bounce, jump b?lek part b?lek-b?lek to pieces : Kagyzy b?lek-b?lek etdim = I tore the paper to pieces b?lekleyin partial b?lmek to divide, to part b?lüm section b?lü? mek to get done b?rek pilmeni b?ri wolf, wolfish b?rük skull cap b?wet dam b?wrek kidney b?w? e? spacious b?wür side, flank : Meni? sag b?wrüm agyr?ar = My right side hurts b?würslen blackberry b?wüsmek to penetrate, break through bu this bug steam bugarmak to evaporate bugda? renk dark in complexion bugda? wheat bugda? wheat buhgalter r. bookkeeper bukdaklamak to creep, to sneak bukja bag, envelope bukmak to conceal, hide away : Ol otly??pi ?agalardan buk?ar = She hides the matches from the kids bukullym hide and seek (game) buky shelter, cover bulak spring, tap bulam-bujar confusion bulamak to mix, stir bulanmak 1. to be mixed, stirred 2. to feel nauseous, vomitous bula? dyrmak to mix up bula? mak 1. to get dirty 2. to get tangled and confused bula? yk entangled bula?lamak to wave, brandish buldozer r. bulldozer buldur?yn frost bulgur wine-glass bulukmak to increase bulut cloudburawlamak to drill, bore bur? 1. angle, corner 2. pepper burjy frost burmak to twist, whirl burug?y a puff burugsamak to puff, swirl, curl (of smoke) burun nose bu? lamak to bring good tidings : Ol meni? oglumy? bolanyny bu? lady = He brought me the news of my son's birth but hip, thigh buterbrod r. sandwich buthana church butnamak to move : Butnaman dur! = Stand still! bu?rak curl, curly = bu?rak sa?ly ?igit = curly-haired lad bu?ruk command bu?san? pride bu?sanjan proud bu?sanmak to be proud bu?urmak to order, command buz ice büdremek to stumble on : Da? büdredim = I tripped a on a stone bükdürmek to pound, twist bükgüldemek to throb, pound bükmek to bend bükülmek to be bent, to bend (oneself) büre 1. flea 2. fleabite büremek to cloud, obscure bürgüt eagle bürje? mek to be wrinkled bürkür hunched bürmek to wrinkle bürün? 1. bronze 2. rice bütin whole, throughout bütindün?a universal bütinle? completely büzmek to tighten, pull together büzülmek to be tightened b?ujet r. budget b?uro r. bureau by?gy saw by?gylmak to saw bykyn side byzmyk pancake, crepe??abga downpour ?adyr tent ?aga 1. child 2. children's ?aga-?uga children, kids ?agalar bagy kindergarden ?agaly with children ?agalyk 1. childhood 2. childness ?agarmak to call, invite ?agary? invitation ?agsamak 1. to be destroyed 2. to be old ?agsyldamak to rustle ?agyl gravel ?agyrmak 1. to invite 2. to call 3. to summon ?ak 1. measure, degree, way 2. offer, proposal, suggestion 3. time 4. probability, likelihood ?ak etmek to guess ?akdana? excessive a ?akgan dextrous, adroit, deft ?akganlyk adroitness, dexterity ?akgy pen-knife ?aklamak to suppose, assume ?akmak 1. to sting or bite 2. to chirp ?akny? mak 1. to strike, knock 2. to collide, run into ?akny? yk collision, crash ?aksyz immeasurable, immense ?akylyk invitation ?akyr alcohol ?aky? mak to collide, run into, come across ? having a headache ?al I. camel's milk II. gray, dull in color ?ala 1. hardly, only a little 2. incidentally, in passing 3. slowly ?alaja a little ?alajan half-dead ?alam-?a? scattered ?alarmak to turn gray ?alasowat uneducated, ignorant ?alasowatlyk ignoranceTurkmen/English Dictionary 8?alasyn quick, agile ?alasynlyk quickness, agility ?algy machete ?algyrt with an accent ?almak 1. to smear, rub, spread 2. to play a musical instrument 3. sharpen 4. to strike, knock, hit ?alpaw puddle, pool ?al? yk exchange, interchange ?al? yrgy? shift (of work) ?al? yrmak 1. barter 2. to confuse, mixup ?al? yrynmak to change one's clothes ?alt quickly, rapidly ?altlan speed ?altlyk quickness, swiftness, rapidity ?alykmak to dry up, wither ?alym etmek to resemble ?aly? ma 1. exchange 2. pronoun ?aly? mak 1. barter 2. to vary, alternate 3. to try for, strive for 4. to be replaced, relieved ?aman lazy, idle, sluggish ?anak 1. cup 2. kneecap ?anaklyk pelvis ?a? dust ?a?amak to get dusty ?a?jarmak to get dusty ?a??alak to become dusty ?ap etme publication ?ap etmek to publish ?ap seal, stamp ?apady chapati ?apak I. cotton II. ?ap?y printer ?apgy chopper, small hammer ?apgyn sharp, biting, piercing ?aphana printing plant ?apmak I. 1. to skip, hop, gallop, race 2. to run around, avoid II. to chop ?apyk 1. fallen tree 2. scar ?apyksuwar equestrian ?apy? strive to overpass ?apy? yk race?aramak : ba? y?y ?aramak to inquire, consult ?arh 1. spinning wheel 2. wheel ?arkandak hole ?arlak sea gull ?arpa?a galmak to stand on end ?arpmak to clap ?arpy? : el yk ?arpy? yk applause ?arsenbe Wednesday ?ar? ak 1. pitchfork 2. fork ?ar? enbe Wednesday ?arwa nomad ?arwad?ylyk transcience (the state of being a nomad) ?asly loud, great ?aslyk bandy-legged ?asowo? r. by the hour, by the clock ?asy slanting, squinty-eyed ?asyrmak 1. to pitch a tent, spread out, set up 2. to knock down, overthrow 3. to knock unconscious ?a? mak 1. to disperse, break up 2. to come apart, fall to pieces 3. to lose, waste 4. to be lost, wasted ?at split, crack, crevice ?atak difficult ?atalba anat. sacrum ?atlamak to burst, crack up, split open ?atma hut, tent ?atmak 1. to sew, embroider 2. to tie together, connect, bind 3. to snatch, grasp, seize ?atryk crossroads ?atynja = t?ze ?atynja newlyweds ?awmak to ricochet ?a? I. tea II. small river, creek ?a?-??rek meal ?a?hana tea-house ?a?kamak 1. to rinse out 2. to rinse, gargle 3. to rock, swing, shake ?a?kamak to rinse ?a?kanmak to stagger, lurch ?a?ke? tea-lover ?a?lamak to water, give drink?a?mak to cover, coat ?a?? armak to bend, to distort ?a?? yk bandy-legged ?a?yr bot. chayir ?ebis kid ?eb? ek little bunny ?ek check : ?ek bo?un?a t?lemek = to pay by check ?ekankalamak to mint, coin, chase ?ekdirme chekdirme, a traditional Turkmen meat dish ?ekelemek 1. to torment, torture 2. to pester ?ekele? discussion, ik dispute, controversy ?ekele? mek to dispute, argue, quarrel ?eker sliding box, drawer ?ekge cheek-bone ?eki? hammer ?ekilmek 1. to step back, fall back, retreat 2. to reduce diminish, grow less 3. to grow lean ?ekimiz agreeable, harmonious ?ekimli public ?ekimli ses vowel ?ekimsiz ses consonant ?ekinmede feel free to... ?ekinmek 1. to feel shy, embarrassed 2. to be afraid ?ekirtge locust ?ekis hammer ?ekisme discussion, debate ?eki? etmek to debate me ?eki? meler debate ?ekize chekize: a common milk product resembling cream cheese, but more sour ?ekmek I. 1. to pull, draw, tow 2. to carry, drag, pull 3. to last : Examinler bir a?a ?ekdi = The exam took one month 4. to lead, conduct 5. to drag in, involve 6. 7. to smoke 8. to get procure 9. to be like, resemble 10. to carry, bear, bring 11. to draw a picture, make a design II. weigh ?ekremek to bleat ?elek cask, tun ?elgi landmarkTurkmen/English Dictionary 9?elpek r. ?em successful moment, good event ?em?e spoon ?eme convenient situation? ?emedan r. suitcase ?emelenmek to prepare, train ?emele? mek to approach, go up to, arrive, come ?emeli 1. convenient, comfortable 2. exemplary, approximate 3. apparently, evidently ?emen 1. banquet wreath 2. meadow ?emesiz inconvenient, uncomfortable ?empion r. champion ?empionat r. championship ?en 1. situation 2. time 3. measure, degree, way ?endan sometimes, occasionally, here and there ?endana? excessive a ?enemek 1. to take aim at 2. to threaten ?enemek to chew ?enlemek to suppose, assume, plan ?enli until ?ensiz immeasurable, immense ?e??ek hook, crochet needle ?ep left, left side ?epbeke? southpaw, lefthanded person ?eper 1. skilled, skillful 2. artful 3. eloquent ?eper eser fiction ?eper?ilik mastery, art ?eperlik mastery ?epiksi scrawny, skin-andbones ?erkes r. Circassian (ethnicity) ?ermek ?ermemek to turn up, tuck up ?ernil r. purple ?ert?or r. draft, mechanical drawing ?e? me 1. key 2. spring, source ?e? me source ?et I. 1. border, edge, boundary 2. fringe II. foreign?etin difficult ?etle? dirmek to isolate, to insulate ?etle? mek to be isolated, insulated ?e?e flexible, pliable ?e?elik flexibility ?e?nemek 1. to chew 2. to bite ??? agri. yield (of grain) ??ge sand ??ges?w ?er a place with sandy soil ??k 1. border 2. a definite part ??klendirmek to organize ??klenmek to be organized, arranged, outlined ??ksiz boundless, limitless ??k?aka collor of a boy's traditional Turkmen shirt ??re punishment ??resiz forced, of necessity ??r?ek quarter ??? ermek to lie, be still ???nek teapot ???nik teapot ?ig 1. damp, moist 2. unripe, immature 3. crude, raw : ?ig mal = natural resources ?igildem tulip ?igilmek to get tied up in knots ?igin I. shoulder, back II. lot, destiny ?igit sunflower seed : ?igit ?ag = sunflower oil ?igmal raw materials ?igmek 1. to get tied up, stuck in a knot 2. to get entangled, confused, perplexed ?igrek rime, mist ?igreklemek to catch a cold ?igremek 1. to become chilly 2. to become warm ?ikge corner of the eye ?il border ?ilik &chilik&, a children's game ?ilim cigarette ?ilimke? smoker ?ili? irmek to cross one's legs ?intgemek to inquire, to ask ?i?e steadfast ?i?erilmek to stare?i?rik reed, cane : ? eker ?i?rik = sugar cane ?irke? moth ?irkin shrill, penetrating, piercing ? fry ?irtmek 1. to pinch, to tweak 2. to cut, incise ?isme inflammation ?ismek 1. to inflate, swell 2. to inflate, puff out ?is?emek to drizzle ?is?i drizzle, frost ?i? I. swelling, tumor II. 1. spit 2. ?i? thick, large, big, stout, ik fat ?i? irmek to inflate, to swell ?i? lik shish-kebob ?i? me inflammation ?i? mek to become inflamed ?it 1. chinze, cotton 2. adj. cotton ? chew nuts, seeds ?itim connection, knot ?itmek to tie together, bend, connect ?len r. member, limb, article, part ?lenlik r, membership ?og heat, sultriness ?ogdan tuft, shred, rag ?ogmak to flow, pour, spread ?okalamak to peck ?oka? chokai, Turkmen leather shoes ?okmak to peck, pick, bite ?ola 1. secluded 2. unpopulated ?olak cripple ?olamak 1. to wrap up drop in 2. to wrap up ?olarmak to become empty, deserted ?ola? mak 1. to get confused, mixed up 2. to become entangled ?olpy ladle ?oluk shepherd boy ?ommalmak to squat, curtsy ?ommaltmak 1. to protrude 2. to poke, jab, thrust ?onak lacking one or more toes or fingers ?opan shepherd ?opan?ilik shepherdhood ?opantelpek camomilleTurkmen/English Dictionary 10?or dirt, mud ?orba soup ?orlamak to get dirty ?otga r. brush ?otgalamak r. 1. to clean 2. to brush, to brush off ?owdary rye ?owlamak I. to sharpen II. to burn, scorch, singe ?owluk great-grandson ?o?mak to warm up, heat ?o?un r. cast iron, made of cast iron ?o?unmak to heat ?ozmak 1. to advance 2. to dash, rush ??ke dü? mek to sit on the knees, to kneel ??kermek to kneel ??ket low, lower ??ketlik lowlands, hollow ??kmek 1. to sink, fall, come down, go down 2. to subside, settle 3. to bend one's knees 4. to sit down, board, get into ??kündi 1. sediment, aftertaste 2. deposit (geological) ??l desert ??p 1. stick 2. ??pbo?a bot. chopboia ??pleme 1. (burning) chip, spill 2. brushwood ??plemek to pick up ??plemek to pick up, gather, collect ??pür goat wool ??r low ??rlek bread (also &food& in general) ??? lemek used in ?umagy g?? lemek ??wre back, inside, wrong side ??wrülmek 1. to turn inside out 2. to turn over, overturn ??z anat. mesentery ??zgüt decision, resolution ??zlemek to untangle ??zmek 1. to untie, unleash, loosen 2. to solve, decide, resolve ??zülmek 1. to come untied 2. to be resolved ??zü? solution ?ugutmak to roll up, curl up ?ukanak hole?ukur I. hole, pit, dungeon II. 1. deep, profound, low 2. hollow, sunken ?ukuralmak 1. to extend, make more profuse, make deeper 2. to sink, to grow hollow ?ukurlyk hole, pit ?u? deep ?u?almak to make deeper, to become more profound, extensive ?u?altmak to deepen ?u?la? mak to deepen gradually ?u?luk depth, remoteness ?u??ur profound ?u?samak to shriek, yelp ?us swift-footed ?uw adjectival intesifier : ?umagy g?? lemek = ?uwal chuwal, Turkmen sack ?uwa? r. Chugach (nationality) ?ülpe small, tiny ?ümdürmek 1. to put inside, to stick into 2. to immerse, sink into, plunge ?ümh?rek legible, discernible, fastidious ?ümh?reklik legibility, scrupulousness ?ümmek 1. to thrust, to plunge, to transfix 2. to be absorbed in, lost in ?ümmük pinch ?ümmüklemek to pinch, to tweak ?üm? üldi a tickle, a strange feeling on the skin ?ümürmek to soak ?ünki because, therefore ?ü?k 1. corner, angle, nook 2. beak, bill ?üpremek to degenerate ?ür depesi 1. top, crest 2. the highest ranks ?ürelmek to taper ?üri conical, crested ?ürt- categorically ?ürü? mek to wither, shrivel, shrink ?üwde butt ?üwdürmek to stream, flow, run ?üwek to drive, transport, pull ?ü? nail ?ü?lemek to nail?ü?remek to rot ?ü?rük rotten, putrid ?ü?rüklik rottenness ?ü?rüntgi humus ?ü?? 1. glass, pane 2. e bottle ?yban boil, furnucle ?yb? yldy rustle (noise) ?yb? yrlamak to rustle (to make a rustling noise) ?ybyk rod, switch ?ybyklamak 1. to cut up, chop, cleave 2. to whip, flog ?ybyn mosquito ?ydam patience ?ydamak 1. to suffer, endure, withstand 2. to tolerate, to bear 3. to snatch, grab, seize ?ydamly 1. bearable 2. solid, firm, lasting ?ydamlylyk 1. tolerance 2. durability ?ydamsyz 1. impatient 2. intolerant ?yg moisture ?ygjarmak to wet or dampen slightly ?ygly moist, raw, wet, humid, damp ?yglyk moistness, humidity, dampness ?yg? yldamak to rustle (to make a rustling noise) ?yg? yldy rustle (noise) ?ygylmak to grieve, long for ?ygyrmak to cry out, bawl, lament, wail ?ykalga exit ?ykan cousin ?ykarmak 1. to take out, pull at 2. to take off, strip, undress 3. to let out, release 4. to dismiss, discard 5. to publish, edit, put out 6. to manufacture, produce 7. to get, obtain, procure 8. to display, expose 9. to dislocate, sprain 10. to remove, transfer ?ykdajy expenditure, debt ?ykda?jy expense ?ykgynsyz 1. continual 2. desperate, hopeless ?ykmak 1. to exit, to leave 2. to go, set off 3. to climb up, into 4. to utter, emit 5. to result in 6. to turn out,Turkmen/English Dictionary 11be found 7. to meet 8. to leave, withdraw, drop out 9. to originate, eminate 10. to dislocate, sprain : gap? ?ykmak = to oppose y : ?atdan ?ykmak = to forget ?ykyrynmak to take off, to strip ?yky?etmek to perform, make a speech ?yky? speech, presentation ?ykyw address ?ylgym strip, streak ?ylka fillet ?ylpyk pus ?ylpyklamak to fester ?yl? yrymla? dyrmak to be complicated ?yl? yrymla? mak to become complicated ?yl? yrymly complex, complicated ?ym : ?ym-?ym etme! = Don't be shy! (used when someone is eating little) ?yn true ?yn ?ürekden sincerely ?ynar plane tree ?ynlaka? in earnest, seriously ?yn?ürekde? lik sincerity ?yp noise from eating? ?ypar red, sorrel ?ypdyrma lie, falsehood ?yplak lightly dressed, with light baggage ?ypla? lightly dressed, with light baggage ?yra lamp ?yr?yk sickness ?yr?yklamak to fall ill ?yrlamak to wind around, embrace with ?yrmamak to wrap up ?yrma? mak to plait, braid ?yrma? yk ivy ?yrpmak I. to mint, coin II. to rinse, gargle ?yrpynmak 1. to wind, wiggle, twist, meander 2. to roar, rage, storm ?yrryldamak to whistle ?yrryldyy a whistle ?yr? ak dirt, mud ?yr? amak 1. to smear, to rub in, to spread ?ytala? mak to try, to endeavor, to strive?ytmak to knit the browns, to frown, to wrinkle ?ytyk 1. gloomy, sullen, cloudy (personal) 2. gloomy, dark (weather) ?yzgmak to turn up, to tuck up ?yzgy 1. drawing 2. drawing, draft, note ?yzgy? ruler (for geometry) ?yzmak to draw, design ?yzmyk stripe ?yzyk line, trait, featureDdaban sole (of foot) dabara celebration, ceremony dabaralanmak to celebrate, observe a ceremony dabaraly ceremonial dadyrmak to taste dag mountain dagatmat to scatter daglamak 1. to grill 2. to brand dagly mountain-dweller dagy else, what else : Dagy zat tapmady?my? = Didn't you find anything else? dagy-duwara from now on, henceforward dagynyk uncoordinated, odd dahylly important, relevant : Bu sa?a dahylly d?l = This doesn't concern you dakmak to put on : Ol barmagy?a ?üzük dakdy = She put the ring on her finger dakynmak to wear dalak med. spleen dalan veranda, porch dalbar summer-house dal?yn carnation dalda help, aid daljykmak to pant, be out of breath damak throat damar vein, artery, nerve : gan damar = blood vessel damdyk small drop (i.e. of water) damja drop damjalamak to drip dammak to drip : Damadama k?l bolar, hi? dammasa - ??p bolar ? Drop by drop makes a lake, but not a drop makes a desert dani?aly Danish danmak to tie, fasten da? atmak to dawn da? dawn da?dan at dawn da?danky adj. earlymorningTurkmen/English Dictionary 12da?mak 1. to tie 2. to wrap around da?y tether, tie dar narrow darak comb daraklyk toes daralmak to shrink daramak to comb dartgynly tense, intense dartmak to tug dary millet darykmak to worry da? I. far II. 1. exterior 2. yard, outside area 3. cover (i.e. of a book) III. [a:] stone da? -t?werek vicinity, surroundings da? amak to carry da? ary 1. outside 2. external da? ?urt dili foreign ary language da? en woodpecker de? da? gyn above, beyond da? ky outside, outer da? lamak to stone, throw stones at da? dyrmak to remove, la? extract da? stony, rocky ly da? lykdaky remote da? mak to overflow da? yndan besides, in addition to dat-bidat! help! datmak to taste dava? r. &Come on! Let's!& dawa conflict, argument dawala? mak to argue dawaly argumentative da?amak to prop up da?an? support da?aw strong, healthy da?han peasant (often used to replacethe Russian &kolhoznik& , meaning &collective farmer&) da?y uncle da?za 1. aunt 2. ma'am dazarylmak to come down hard on someone, get tough with dazlamak to rush, speed along debsilmek to spur degerli 1. persuasive, convincing 2. efficacious degirmek to concern, affectdegirmen mill : degirmen da? = millstone y degi? gen joker degi? bolmak to belong li degi? concerning, in li relation to degi? mek to joke degmek 1. to touch 2. to bump against 3. fig. to affect, bother, play with : Gowusy, sen ma?a degme! = You'd better not mess with me! dek I. still, unmoving II. like, as : Bu bur? dek ajy = This is hot as a pepper dekabr r, December dekada r, decade dekan r, dean dekrek r, decree del unusual, strange delegat r, delegate delegatsi?a r, delegation delil evidence, case delillendirmek to present evidence, make a case dellek barber dellekhana barber shop dem almak to breathe dem breath, vapor : demi?izi go?beri?! = Please exhale! dem-dyn? a break, a rest demgysma asthma demikmek to gasp, breath heavily demir iron : demir ?ol = railroad demirgazyk north demirgazykgünbatar northwest demirgazykgündogar northeast demlemek to boil (water for tea) : ?a? demle??rin = I'm making tea demokratik r. democratic demokratsi?a r. democracy demrew herpes (includes all herpes family diseases, such as psoriasis, shingles, and ringworm) de? the same, equal : Bo?lary de? aga?lar = The trees are the same height de?du? person of the same age, peer de?e-de? the samede?e? until : Biz gi? ag? ama de?e? oturdyk = We sat until late in the evening de?emek 1. to check (against, with) 2. to try on de?e? dirmek to check (against, with) de?iz ocean, sea de?iz?i sailor de?lemek to make even, to even out de?lik equality de?sizlik inequality depder notebook depder?e little book depe 1. top 2. hill, knoll 3. can be used as a preposition : Dep?mizden samol?ot u?up ge?di = A plane flew by above us depelemek to trample depgilemek to trample depgip pace depjemek to stitch depmek to kick deprek drum deprenmek to get a kick out of, be taken with deputat r. deputy der sweat dere valley deregine instead of : Ol ?z kitaby? derigine da? ga birini? kitabyny aldy = He took a different book instead of his own dereje degree, extent derek I. information II. in place of III. bot. poplar derekli informative dereksiz 1. uninformative 2. unmotivated deri skin, leather derkar necessary derlemek to sweat derman medicine dermanhana drugstore dermanlamak to spinkle, spray der?ew examination, analysis der?ew?i examiner derrew at once, right now : Muny derrew etmeli = This needs to be done at once ders I. lesson II. manure dert illTurkmen/English Dictionary 13derwa?ys vital, urgent, important derweze gate der?a river desga structure desse bunch, clump : gül desse?i = a bouquet of flowers dessine just as, as soon as dessur tradition, custom de? 1. hole 2. full of holes ik : de? halta = sack with ik many holes 3. gap de? irmek to check against, with de? mek to make a hole, puncture d?de uncle, father (Balkan dialect) d?l not d?li crazy: d?li bolmak = to go crazy d?liremek to go crazy d?ne 1. seed, grain, kernel 2. bunch, group d?nmek 1. to deny 2. to retract (ie. one's words) d?p tradition d?p-dessur tradition dialekt r. dialect didar face: Men seni? didary?a zar ? I miss you didivan gun-sight, gunscope digden eklemek to tremble digir grain diglemek
perpendicular dikdü? obstinate di dikelmek 1. t raise oneself dikeltmek 1. to straighten, to set straight dikmek to dig in diktant r. dictation diktatura r. dictatorship diktor r. radio-announcer dil 1. toungue 2. language 3. pointer, indicator (ie. on a gauge) dilden orally dildüw? ük plot, conspiracy dileg prayer dilemek 1. to ask 2. to wish 3. to pray dilewar 1. witty 2. wit dilik etmek to slit dilik n. segment dillenmek to say somethingdille? to come to the slice din relig faithful dini religious di? emphatic preposition: Ol di? arkan ?ykyldy = He fell flat (directly) on his back di? to hear about di?e only di?ir genmek to ponder, meditate on di?lemek to listen di?le? audience di?le?mek 1. to listen 2. to overhear di? cease di?? irgemek to listen to diplom r. diploma diplomatic r. diplomatic direg strut, brace, prop direktor r. director direlmek to come to lif brace diren c=braced diri alive dirij?or r. conductor (of a band or orchestra) diriligene alive dirili? resurrection dispanser r. clinic dispet?er r. dispatcher dissertatsi?a r. dissertation di? tooth : Di?agyrysy = toothache di? lemek 1. to bite 2. to have a bite, eat a little diversi?a r. sabotage divisi?a r. division (military) diwar wall di?en ?aly almost di?mek 1. to say: Mu?a n?me di???rler? = What's this called? 2. to mean, to imply dizel r. diesel dodak lip doga from birth doga okamak to pray dogan brother dogan-garynda? relative doganlyk brotherhood doganoglan cousindoglan güni birthday doglu? birth dogmak to rise (of the sun) dogralmak to be straightened up dograltmak to straighten up dograma dograma, a dish made of stuffing, onions, and sheep's head , sometimes made into soup dogramak to cut to pieces dogru?yl honest, sincere dogru?yllyk sincerity dogruda concerning dogrudan true, really dogrulamak to direct, aim at dogrusy in truth, truly dogry 1. true 2. exact 3. straight 4. righteous, upright dogulmak to be born dogumly determined dogurmak to give birth dok full, satisfied dokalmak to be woven dokamak to weave dok?ulyk prosperity doklad r. report dokluk satisfaction dokma weaving, carpetmaking : dokma fabrigi = carpet factory doktor r. doctor dokument r. document dokuz nine dokuzynjy ninth doky Belugian dolag wrapper dolak leg-wrappings dolama ground meat wrapped in cabbage dolamak 1. to wrap, bind 2. to turn, double back dolandyrmak to manage, control dolandyrys management dolanmak to come back doldurgy? gram. object : g?ni baglan?an doldurgy? = direct object : gytakla?yn baglan?an doldurgy? = indirect object doldurmak to fill dolmak to be filled doly I. hail II. [o:] full(y), complete domma quiet, reservedTurkmen/English Dictionary 14don robe (traditional Turkmen) do? frozen do?aklyk freeze, frost do?an rigid, frozen do?durma ice-cream do?durmak to freeze do?mak to be frozen do?uz pig dor bay (color of a horse) dos used in superlatives: dos-doly = completely full dost friend, friendly (male or neuter) dost-?ar friends dostla? mak to become friends dostluk friendship dotsent r. doccent dowam etmek to continue dowamynda during dowan length, course (of time) dowanly lengthy dowar livestock (specifically: sheeps, goats, and small cattle) dowul panic dowzah hell do?a until satisfied : Men do?a i?dim = I ate until I was full do?mak to eat one's fill, stuff oneself: Men do?dym = I'm full, I've stuffed myself do?urmak to fill (an animal) with food d?kmek 1. to spill 2. to leak d?külmek 1. to be poured out 2. to drop : Aga?lary? ?apaklary d?kül??r = Leaves fall from the trees d?kün manure, nightsoil d?künlemek to fertilize d?mmek to tear off a piece d?ndermek to flip over d?nmek 1. to be flipped over 2. to switch over, turn : Bu gün howa gy? d?ndi a = Today the weather turned wintry d?nük traitor, turn-coat d?nüklik treachery d?rdünji fourth d?rediji creator d?redijilik creation d?remek to arise, spring up d?retme creationd?retmek to create d?retmek to start, create, found d?rjemek to dig into d?rmek to search, dig around for d?rt four d?rtlük a four, a &B& student d?rü? dirmek to turn over d?s pile, heap d?? breast d?w I. set, match II. demon d?wek threshing : d?wek d?wmek = to thresh d?wlet 1. government 2. richness, goodness d?wmek to break d?wründe during d?wük broken d?wülgi? fragile d?wülmek to break d?wüm piece, lump, portion d?wür 1. epoch 2. period, time d?würde? contemporary (said of a person) d?würle?in periodic d?zmek to be uncaring d?zümli hardy, staunch d?zümsiz sympathetic, compassionate drama r. drama du?ar bolmak to be faced with duk mixed up dul 1. place of respect 2. widower dul a?al widow duldeg? near, neighborly : ir duldeg? bolup ?a? ir amak = to be a neighbor to, live near duluk cheek duman fog, mist, haze dumanlamak to grow foggy dumanly foggy, misty : dumanly daglar = misty mountains dura-bara gradually, continually duralga stop (as in bus or taxi stop) durdugy?a gradually, continually durlamak to clear, make still durmak 1. to stand, be still 2. to be (used to express cost or fixed state) 3. usedas a modal verb to express a state of being or continual action: Ol gülüp dur?ar = She's smiling, she's been smiling durmu? life, existence durmu? ?ykan married (of a a girl) durmu? ?ykmak to marry a (of a girl) durna crane (bird) durnukly solid, stable durnuklylyk stability dur? una entirely duruzmak to make a stop, to stop dury pure du?bolmak to be faced with something du?gelmek to meet, come to du? I. [u:] close to : Ol du? una bardy = He went closer II. r. shower du? ak fetters du? enbe Monday du? closely ly du? mak to meet, encounter du? man enemy du? man?ylyk animosity du? mak to meet, u? encounter du? yk meeting, encounter u? dutar dutar, a traditional Turkmen instrument which is two-stringed, looks somewhat like a mandolin and has a twangy sound duw superlative affiz: duwak = the whitest, completely white du?dansyz sudden, reflexive du?durmak 1. to warn 2. to portend 3. to inform du?dury? warning du?guda? sympathetic du?guda? lyk sympathy du?gur impressionable, perceptive, sensual du?gy sense, feeling du?mak to feel duz salt duzak snare duzlamak to salt duzly salty : duzsuz bolsa atarsy?, duzly bolsa n?dersi?! = If it's not salty, if it'sTurkmen/English Dictionary 15salty, there's nothing you can do! dükan shop, stall dükürdemek 1. to stomp 2. to make an indistinct noise dükürdetmek to stomp düme dry-farming dümew 1. virus, common cold 2. flu dümewlemek to have a cold dünderilmek to turn upside-down, flip-flop dündermek to turn over, flip dün?ewi secular, worldly dün?? inmek to be born dün?? world, globe dün??den ?tmek to die dü??ürdemek to jingle dür pearl dürbi binoculars dürli diverse, different dürli-dürli different, various dürs correct dürs jogap bermek to answer correctly dürsemek used in the construction: ?zü?i dürsemek = to get well dürtgü? stamp for bread dürtme gürsak blunt dürtmek to poke, prod dü? clever bi dü? bülik cleverness dü? ek 1. bed, bedding 2. cushion, mattress dü? ek?e mattress dü? elge stopping place, camp dü? emek 1. to spread out 2. to pave dü? ewünt profit dü? ewüntli profitable dü? lemek to make a stop dü? mek 1. to descend, dismount, come down (from) 2. to fall 3. to come into, upon 4. used figuratively like the English &to fall&: howsala dü? mek = to fall into a panic dü? nükli clear, understandable dü? nüksiz unclear, not understandable dü? üm gram. case : Türkmendilinde altydü? bar = The Turkmen üm language has six cases dü? ündiri? explanation dü? ündiri? explanatory li dü? ündirmek to explain dü? mek to understand üni? each other dü? ünje 1. notion 2. explanation dü? ünjeli knowledgable dü? ünmek I. to understand II. to swim dü? ürmek to help off, to set down düwme jangles, little bells düwmek to knot düwülmek to be knotted düwün?ek little knot düwünmek to choke on düwürtik pimple, blackhead dü?bünden absolutely dü?e camel dü?egu? ostrich dü?n yesterday dü?nki yesterday's dü?p 1. bottom 2. base 3. root 4. bush 5. essence dü?pg?ter forever, once and for all dü?ple?in forever, once and for all dü?pli essential, fundamental dü?rlemek to roll up dü?? dream dü??g?rmek to have a dream dü?? ürgemek to dream dü?t soot düz etmek to repair, mend düz I. 1. plains, flatlands 2. flat, smooth II. 1. straight 2. right düzedi? ammendment düzelmek to be rectified düzetmek to set straight, to rectify düzgün rule, order düzgün-nyzam order, discipline düzgün-tertip order, discipline düzgünle? dirmek to set in order düzgünnama position, ordering düzlük plains, flatlands düzme composition, essaydüzmek 1. to string, to thread 2. to gather 3. to compose düzüji compiler, composer düzüm composition, makeup düzüwli composed, orderly, well dwigatel r. engine, motor d?ad?a r. uncle dyglamak to shudder dykgat atten to jam in dykny? mak to be pushed in dykny? stopper dykylmak 1. to put in 2. fig. to nose around in, to butt into dykyz packed, dense dykyzlanmak to get packed dym superlative affiz dymjykmak to spoil, go bad dymmak to be quiet, to shut up dym? yk silence dymyk humid dyn? 1. relaxation 2. stillness dyn? almak to take a rest, vacation dyn to escape dyngy pause dyngysyz without a break, non-stop dynmak 1. to finish 2. to get out of dynman without a break, non-stop dyr-pytrak separated dyrja? mak to try, attempt dyrmak rake dyrma? mak to climb dyrmyk rake dyrna? abrasion dyrna?aklamak to scratch dyrnak 1. nail (of a finger or toe) 2. claw dyz knee dyzamak to be bursting, straining dyzma? frisky, hot to trotTurkmen/English Dictionary 16Eebedi eternal ebedile? dirmek to immortalize ebedilik 1. eternity 2. eternal ebete? approach edara etmek to institution edebi literary edebi?at literature edebi?at?y man of letters eden-e tyrrany edenli business-
politeness edepli well-bred, polite edeplilik politenes impolite ede unculturedness edermen brave edermenlik valour ed?het manner edil I. as such II.exact, exactly edilen made of edilmek to be made of edip bilmek to be able to do edren? ugly effekt r. effect efiop r. Ethiopian egelenmek to surround eger (de) if egin shoulder egin-e? clothes ik eginba? clothing eginde? 1. person of same age 2. brother -in- arms egirmek to sp to dimin hold up eg detained egli? concession ik egmek 1. bow 2. fold crooked egriji spinner egrilik curvature egsilmez innumerableejap shame eje mother ejelik motherhood ejir martyr ejiz feeble, weak, small bon become enervated ekabyr 1. higher 2. intense ekdi tame eken really (emphatic word) Bu nahar ?r?n sü?ji eken=this food is really tasty ekeni eken ekeran? farming ekin crop ekipazh r. crew eki? sowing ekiz twin eklemek to contain, hold, look for, maintain eklen? means eklenmek to earn ekle?ji breadwinner ekmek to plant ekplutasi?a r. exploitation ekran r. screen ekskawator r. excavator ekspedisi?a r. expedition, dispatch office eksperiment r. experimental ekspertizia r. expertise, opinion eksplutatirlemek r. to exploit eksponat r. exhibition eksponirlemek r. to exhibit, expose eksport r. export eksportirlemek r. to export ekzamen r. examination ekzempl?ar r. to copy, specimen el ?arpmak to applaud, clap el hand elbetde of course eldek tame (same as ekdi) ele almak to know deeply elek sieve elek-?elek g?züni elek ?elek etmek = to stare at elektrifikasi?a r. electrification elektrifisirlemek to electrifyelektrik r. electrik elektrostansi?a r. power station elemek to sift element r. element elementar r. elementary ele? an torn, tattered elgarama dependent elhen? 1. terrible, frightful, dreadful 2. powerful, very strong elim glue elin self, own elipbi? alphabet eljiremek 1. to mince, be prim 2. t loll, lounge ellemek to handle ellemek to touch, handle elle? mek to shake hands elli fifty ellik glove elmydam always elmydama always eltmek to deliver, hand, bring elujundan etmek to do el?aglyk handkerchief el?eter inaccessible, out of reach em medicine ema? bilen with caution, with care emblema r. emblem emdirmek to feed, nurse emedeklemek to crawl emeli artificial, false emelsiz awkward, unskilled emelsizlik awkwardness emenmek to covet emgek 1. illness, sickness 2. torment, agony, pain emgemek to take pains, to make an effort emgenmek to toil, work hard, exert oneself emjek 1. breast, bosom 2. udder eml?k property, belongings emma but emmek to suck emzik dummy, doll ena?y good, favorable en?eme many, a lot endam body endigan uniform, equal endiganlamak to level, straighten, clip endik habit endiremek to tremble, shake, quiverTurkmen/English Dictionary 17ene dili mothertongue ene grandmother ene-atalar parents enegi?a r. energy eneke nana enjam equipment enjamla? dyrmak to equip, outfit ensiklopedi?a r. encyclopedia entegem still, yet entek still, yet, as yet entemek 1. to wander 2. to roam ent?k still, yet entreklemek 1. to wander 2. to roam entuziazm r. enthusiasm e?a? ak lowering, descent, slope e?ek chin e?mek to rush, hurry, be directed e??it slope, pitch e?remek to cry, weep e?termek 1. to pour out 2. to fell 3. to fall in 4. to chase epe? 1. respectable 2. high flown, bombastic epigraf r. epigraph epilmek 1. to wrinkle 2. to curve, bend, bow epin pleat, fold, crease, wrinkle epizod r. episode eplemek to fold eplenmek to fold, bend, curve (on one's own) epmek to bend, curve, fold era r. era erbet bad erbetlemek to deteriorate, turn for the worse erbetle? mek to deteriorate erbetlik badness eremek to melt, thaw ergin solution erik apricot erjel persistent erjellik persistence, perseverance erk free erkana free, unrestricted, easy erkek 1. man 2. male camel erkin 1. free 2. freely, unrestrictedly erkinlik freedomermeni r. Armanian er?ek edge, rim ersmek 1. to build firmly, solidly 2. to be firm, solid erteki fairy tale, story ertir 1. morning 2. tomorrow ertirlik breakfast ertirlik nahar breakfast (morning meal) esas base, basis, foundation esasan basically, with basis esasanlamak to be founded on,based on esaslsandyrmak to found esassyz unfounded, without basis esasy basic esbap 1. tool, instrument 2. grant, relief, dole, benefit eser written work, composition, thesis, writing eserde? sensitive, vigilant eserde?lik keenness esetmek 1. to look at, examine, inspect 2. to nurse, care for, look after esger soldier esgerlik position, location esgi rag eskalator r. escalator eskiz r. sketch esli considerable, large essalawmale?kim formal greeting esse time (x) estafeta r. relay race estetik r. aesthetic estetika r. aesthetics estrada r. stage, platform e? ek donkey e? clothes ik e? ikler clothes e? itmek to hear e? ret well-being, prosperity e? retli blessed et meat etazh r. floor, story of building etek lap, skirt etli of meat, meaty etli-ganly full-blooded etmek to do, to make, to produce etmi? offense etrap geographical region et?ud r. etude e?-wa? oh! e?-w?k ouch!e?e bolmak to own e?e owner e?e?ilik ownership e?elemek 1. to capture 2. to conquer 3. to gain, occupy, employ e?elik etmek to keep house e?er saddle e?erlemek to saddle e?ermek 1. to follow, ensue 2. to be led 3. to imitate, copy e?germek to inquire about, ask e?gilik well-being, prosperity, happiness e?ikmek to grow stronger e?jelik pretty e?le like that, as such e?leki different, others, the others e?lemek 1. to tan 2. to knead e?men? older, senior e?menmek to fear, be afraid e?wan veranda e??am I. already II. era ezenek lazy ezilmek 1. to get wet 2. to moisten 3. to be oppressed eziz dear ezmek 1. to wet, moisten, soak 2. to opress ez?et martyrTurkmen/English Dictionary 18?? ah! I see! ?bermek to give, serve, render, get ready ?dik boot ?dik?i shoemaker ?dim footstep ?dimlemek to step, march ?g?: ?ga ?girt 1.huge 2.very ?he? tone ?hey yo, hi (greeting) ?h? ah!, I see! ?hlepus dunce, knownothing ?hli all, the whole, full ?hlihalk nationwide ?hlumumy universal, general ?hmi?et meaning, significance, importance ?hmi?etli significant, considerable ?ht vow, pledge, promise ?htibar 1. reliable, dependable 2. authentic ?htimal possibly ?hti?alanlyk treachery, perfidy ?kitmek to carry, take away ?klemek to bring, deliver ?lem world ?lem-jahan universe, world ?lemgo? rainbow ar ?? lower jaw ??etmek 1. to look at 2. to look over ?pet mighty, powerful, huge ?pi? ge window ?r husband ?r-a?al married couple ?sgermek to consider, regard ?sgermez?ilik neglect, disdain ?sgermezlik neglect, disdain ?? g?r open, obvious, evident ?? g?rlik openness, obviousness ?ti? gir railroad pliers, tongs ?ti?a? caution, heed ?ti?a?ly cautious, careful?tlemek 1. to step 2. to cross, transgress ?tmek to step ?wmek to feel, react, respond to ?wmezlik slowness, tardiness (?) ?wül-s?wül by chance (?) ??nek glasses, spectaclesFfabrik factory fakt r. fact fakult?et r. faculty famili?a r. surname faner r. plywood, veneer fantastika r. fantastic, imaginary fantazi?a r. fantasy farfor r. porcelin fartuk r. apron fason r. style federasi?a r. federation federatiw r. federal fehtowani?e r. fencing feldsher r. medical assistant fel?eton r. feuilleton ferma r. farm festiwal r. festival fewral r. February fe?erwerk r. firework filarmoni?a r. philharmonic film r. film filologik r. philologic filologi?a r. philology filosofik r. philosophic filosofi?a r. philosophy fin r. Finn final r. finale firma r. firm fizika r. physics fiziki r. physicist flot r. fleet fond r. fund fonetik r. phonetic fonetika r. phonetics fontan r. fountain forma r. uniform formal r. formal format r. form formula r. formula formulirlemek r. to formulate formulirowka r. formulation forografilemek r. to photograph forto?ka r. window leaf forum r. forum fotoapparat r. camera fotografi?a r. photograph fo?e r. lobbyTurkmen/English Dictionary 19fraseologik r. phraseologic fraseologi?a r. phraseology front r. front fundament r. basis funksi?a r. function futbol r. football futbol?y r. football playerGgaba cumbersome, unweildy gabahat?ylyk entrapment, vicious scheme gabak eyelid gabamak to encircle gabanja? jealous gabanmak to be jealous of gabara dimension, size gabar?yk callous gabarmak to callous gabat against : Ja?lar birbirine gabat salnypdyr = The houses were built against each other gabat gelmek to coincide gabatlamak to intercept gabaw siege, encirclement gabsa shutter gabyk bark, shell ga?a durmak to avoid, keep at a distance : Men ony ga?a dur?aryn = I'm avoiding her ga?alak etmek to hide from, to avoid ga?alaklamak to hide from, avoid ga?alga avoidance ga?gak fugitive, refugee ga?gakmak 1. to avoid 2. to fall, be lost : Meni? ukym ga?ypdyr = My hopes were vanishing ga?mak 1. to flee, retreat 2.to drop (on its own) ga?y dike ga?yrmak 1. to drop, let fall 2. to let loose : ol tow? any ga?yrdy = He let loose the rabbit gadagan forbidden, prohibited gadam step, movement gadym ancient gadymy antiquity gadyr fondness gadyrly dear one gadyrsyz unloved gagal stupid, foolish gag? amak to tremble gagyldamak to cackle, croak gagyrmak to spit gagyrynmak to spit outgahar gelmek to get angry gahar getirmek to anger gahar rage, fury gahar-gazap rage, fury gaharjan furious, angry gaharjandyrmak to make angry gaharly furious, meanspirited gahryman hero (fearless person) gahryman?ylyk heroism gahrymanlar?a heroic gakylyk phlegm, phlegmy gala fortress galadaw indefatiguable, energetic galagoply disturbing galak left-over, left-behind : galak okuw?y = a pupil who isn't making progress galak-gal?ak leftovers, clippings galaktika r. galactic galam 1. pencil 2. spoon (Yomud) galamdan pencil-case galapyn most of the time : Galapyn sen gije galyp gel??rsi? = You come late most of the time galat untruthful : Siz galat a?d?arsy?yz! = You're lying! gala?y tin gala?ylamak to solder galdyramak to tremble galdyrnak 1. to raise : Eli?i galdyry?! = Raise your hand! 2. [a:] to leave (something) : Kataplary?izi ??de galdyry? = Leave your books at home galgamak to flutter galkynys revival galla grain, bread galmagal noise, racket galmagally noisy galmak 1. to raise, be lifted 2. [a:] to stay, remain 3. [a:] used to form modal verbs, keep … ing : Ol ?atyr galdy = He kept (remained) sleeping gal?amak to thicken, become dense : Gar kemkemden gal?a?ar = The snow gradually thickened galo? r. galoshesTurkmen/English Dictionary 20galp fake, counterfeit galpak a baby's first hair : galpak to?y = a party celebrating a child's first haircut galpla? dyrmak to falsify galpyldy tremors galstuk r. ne}