From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Sean Justin Penn (born August 17, 1960) is an American actor, filmmaker, and political activist. He has won two , for his roles in the mystery drama
(2003) and the biopic
Penn began his acting career in television with a brief appearance in episode 112 of
(December 4, 1974), directed by his father . Following his film debut in the drama
(1981) and a diverse range of film roles in the 1980s, including
(1982), Penn garnered critical attention for his roles in the crime dramas
(1990), and
(1993). He became known as a prominent leading actor with the drama
(1995), for which he earned his first Academy Award nomination and the
at the . Penn received another two Oscar nominations for 's comedy-drama
(1999) and the drama
(2001), before winning his first Academy Award for Best Actor in 2003 for Mystic River and a second one in 2008 for Milk. He has also won a
for the -directed
(1997), and two
for the indie film
(1998) and the drama
Penn made his feature film directorial debut with
(1991), followed by the drama film
(1995) and the mystery film
(2001). Penn directed one of the 11 segments of
(2002), a compilation film made in response to the . His fourth feature film, the biographical drama survival movie
(2007), garnered critical acclaim and two Academy Award nominations.
In addition to his film work, Penn is known for his political and social activism, most notably his criticism of the , his contact with the Presidents of
and , and his humanitarian work in the aftermath of
(2005) and the . In January 2016, Penn published an interview (conducted in October 2015) with Mexican drug lord
in . Mexican authorities dismissed the level of importance given by
to Penn in regard to Guzman's eventual recapture, instead placing importance on actress 's continued communications with Guzman.
Penn was born in , the son of actor and director , and actress
( Annucci). His older brother is musician . His younger brother, actor , died in 2006. His paternal grandparents were
emigrants from
and , while his mother is a
descent. Penn was raised in a
home and attended . He began making
with some of his childhood friends, including actors
and , who lived near his home.
Penn appeared in a 1974 episode of the
television series as an extra when his father, Leo, directed some of the episodes. Penn launched his film career with the action-drama
(1981), where he played a military high school cadet. A year later, he appeared in the hit comedy
(1982), in the role of surfer-stoner Jeff S his character helped popularize the word "dude" in popular culture. Next, Penn appeared as Mick O'Brien, a troubled youth, in the drama
(1983). The role earned Penn favorable reviews and jump-started his career as a serious actor.
Penn played
in the film
(1985), which closely followed an actual criminal case. Lee was a former drug dealer by trade, convicted of espionage for the
and originally sentenced to life in prison, but was paroled in 1998. Penn later hired Lee as his personal assistant, partly because he wanted to reward Lee for allowing him to play L Penn was also a firm believer in rehabilitation and thought Lee should be successfully reintegrated into society, since he was a free man again.
Penn starred in the drama
(1986) which received critical acclaim. He stopped acting for a few years in the early 1990s, having been dissatisfied with the industry, and focused on making his directing debut.
first recognized his work in nominating him for playing a racist murderer on
in the drama film
(1995). He was nominated again for his comedic performance as an egotistical jazz guitarist in the film
(1999). He received his third nomination after portraying a mentally handicapped father in
(2001). Penn finally won for his role in the
crime-drama
(2003). In 2004, Penn played Samuel Bicke, a character based on , who in 1974 attempted and failed to assassinate President , in
(2004). The same year, he was invited to join the . Next, Penn portrayed governor Willie Stark (based on ) in an adaptation of 's classic 1946 American novel
(2006). The film was a critical and commercial failure, named by a 2010
article as the biggest flop in the last five years.
In November 2008, Penn earned positive reviews for his portrayal of real-life gay-rights icon and politician
in the biopic
(2008), and was nominated for best actor for the 2008 . The film also earned Penn his fifth nomination and second win for the Academy Award for Best Actor. Penn starred as
(2010), a film adaptation of 's . He co-starred in the drama
(2011), which won the
at the . In 2015, Penn starred in , a French-American action thriller based on the novel , by . , , ,
and fellow -winner
appear in supporting roles. Penn plays Jim Terrier, a
assassination team who kills the minister of mines of the .
Penn made his directorial debut with
(1991), a crime drama film based on 's song "", from the album
(1982). He also directed music videos, such as 's "" (1993), 's "North Dakota" (1993), and 's "The Barry Williams Show" (2002). He has since directed three more films, all well received by critics: the indie thriller
(1995), the mystery film
(2001), and the biographical drama survival film
(2007). Penn's fifth directorial feature
(2016) premiered at the .
in September 2006
Penn was engaged to actress , his co-star in
He met pop singer
in February 1985, and they married that August on her birthday. The two starred in the panned and much-derided
(1986), directed by , and Madonna dedicated her third studio album
(1986) to Penn, referring to him in the liner notes as "the coolest guy in the universe". The relationship was marred by violent outbursts against the press, including one incident when Penn was arrested for assaulting a photog Penn was sentenced to 60 days in jail in mid-1987, of which he served 33 days. Madonna filed for divorce in December 1987 but later withdrew the papers, only to file them again in January 1989. Penn was alleged to have struck Madonna on multiple occasions, but in 2015 Madonna stated the allegations were "completely outrageous, malicious, reckless, and false”.
At the end of his first marriage, Penn moved in with actress , and their first child, a daughter named , was born in 1991. Their second child, a son whom they named Hopper Jack, was born in 1993.
Penn and Wright separated in 1995, during which time he developed a relationship with , after he spotted her performing on . He invited her to compose a song for his film
(1995) and followed her on tour.
Penn and Wright reconciled, married on April 27, 1996, and lived in . The couple filed for divorce in December 2007 but reconciled several months later, requesting a court dismissal of their divorce case.
In April 2009, Penn filed for legal separation, only to withdraw the case once again when the couple reconciled in May. On August 12, 2009, Wright Penn filed for divorce again. The couple's divorce was finalized on July 22, 2010; the couple reached a private agreement on child and spousal support, division of assets, and custody of Hopper, who was almost 17 at the time.
In December 2013, Penn began dating actress . The two announced their engagement in December 2014. Theron ended their relationship in June 2015.
Penn has been outspoken in supporting numerous political and social causes. On December 13–16, 2002, he visited
to protest the
apparent plans for a military strike on Iraq. On June 10, 2005, Penn made a visit to . Acting as a journalist on an assignment for the , he attended a
at . On January 7, 2006, Penn was a special guest at the , where he was joined by author and media critic ,
congressional candidate , and activist . The "Out of Iraq Forum", which took place in , was organized to promote the anti-war movement calling for an end to the .[]
On December 18, 2006, Penn received the
First Amendment Award from the
for his commitment to . In August 2008, Penn made an appearance at one of 's "Open the Debates" Super Rallies. He protested the political exclusion of Nader and other third parties. In October 2008, Penn traveled to , where he met with and interviewed President . In February 2012, he stood beside Hugo Chávez while Venezuela supported the
government during the .
Penn at an
in Washington, D.C., January 27, 2007
On October 18, 2002, Penn placed a US$56,000 advertisement in the
asking then
to end a cycle of violence. It was written as an
and referred to the
In the letter, Penn also criticized the Bush administration for its "deconstruction of " and its "simplistic and inflammatory view of good and evil." Penn visited Iraq briefly in December 2002. "Sean is one of the few," remarked his ex-wife . "Good for him. Most celebrities are keeping their heads down. Nobody wants to be unpopular. But then Americans, by and large, are pretty ignorant of what's going on in the world." The Post advertisement was cited as a primary reason for the development of his relationship with
president . In one of his televised speeches, Chávez used and read aloud an open letter Penn wrote to Bush. The letter condemned the Iraq War, called for Bush to be , and also called Bush, Vice President , and Secretary of State
"villainously and criminally obscene people."
On April 19, 2007, Penn appeared on
and had a "Meta-Free-Phor-All" versus
that was judged by . This stemmed from some of Penn's criticisms of Bush. His exact quote was "We cower as you point your fingers telling us to support our troops. You and the smarmy pundits in your pocket– those who bathe in the moisture of your soiled and blood-soaked underwear– can take that noise and shove it." He won the contest with 10,000,000 points to Colbert's 1. On December 7, 2007, Penn said he supported Ohio Congressman
for U.S. President in 2008, and criticized Bush's handling of the Iraq war. Penn questioned whether Bush's twin daughters supported the war in Iraq.
In September 2005, Penn traveled to , to aid
victims. He was physically involved in rescuing people, although there was criticism that his involvement was a PR stunt as he hired a photographer to come along with his entourage. Penn denied such accusations in an article he wrote for . Director
interviewed Penn for Lee's documentary about Hurricane Katrina,
Filming , 2008
On February 22, 2009, Penn received the
for the film . In his acceptance speech, he said: "I think that it is a good time for those who voted for the ban against
to sit and reflect and anticipate their great shame and the shame in their grandchildren's eyes if they continue that way of support. We've got to have
for everyone!"
After the , Penn founded the , which has been running a 55,000 person tent camp. Due to his visibility as an on-the-ground advocate for rescue and aid efforts in the aftermath, Penn was designated by president
as Ambassador-at-Large for Haiti, the first time that a non-Haitian citizen has been designated as such in the country's history. Penn received the designation on January 31, 2012.
Penn gained significant attention in the
media when he visited
in 2012. On March 23, 2012, he visited flood-stricken villages of Karim Bux Jamali, Dargah Shah Gurio and Peero Lashari in
District. He was accompanied by US Consul General Willian J. Martin and distributed blankets, quilts, kitchen items and other goods amongst flood survivors.
On March 24, 2012, Penn also visited Bilquis Edhi Female Child Home and met Pakistan’s iconic humanitarian worker
and his wife, . He also laid floral wreaths and paid respect at the shrine of .
Penn is believed to have played a role in getting American entrepreneur
released from a Bolivian prison in 2013, and was credited by Ostreicher for having personally nursed him back to health upon his release.
In March 2010, Penn called for the arrest of those referring to
as a dictator. The two were friends, and when Chávez died, Penn said: "Venezuela and its revolution will endure under the proven leadership of
. Today the United States lost a friend it never knew it had. And poor people around the world lost a champion. I lost a friend I was blessed to have."
Sean Penn and
, during his visit to .
In February 2012, Penn met with the , , in Buenos Aires where he made a statement on the long-running
between Argentina and the
over the , saying: "I know I came in a very sensitive moment in terms of diplomacy between Argentina and the UK over the Falkland Islands. And I hope that diplomats can establish true dialogue in order to solve the conflict as the world today cannot tolerate ridiculous demonstrations of colonialism. The way of dialogue is the only way to achieve a better solution for both nations."
The comments were taken as support of Argentina's claim to the islands and evoked strong reactions in the British media, with one satirical article in
requesting that Penn "return his
estate to the ". Lauren Collins of
wrote: "As of today, Sean Penn is the new —the man upon whom, having disrespected something dear to the United Kingdom, the British papers most gleefully pile contempt".
Penn later claimed that he had been misrepresented by the British press and that his criticism of "colonialism" was a reference to the deployment of
as an air-sea rescue pilot, describing it as a "message of pre-emptive intimidation". He claimed that the Prince's posting meant "the automatic deployment of warships", and stated: "My oh my, aren't people sensitive to the word 'colonialism', particularly those who implement colonialism." In a piece written in , Penn wrote that "the legalisation of Argentinian immigration to the Malvinas/Falkland Islands is one that it seems might have been addressed, but for the speculative discovery of booming offshore oil in the surrounding seas this past year". He further wrote that "irresponsible journalism" had suggested "that I had taken a specific position against those currently residing in the Malvinas/Falkland Islands, that they should either be deported or absorbed into Argentine rule. I neither said, nor insinuated that".
Penn promoting
At the , Penn presented the award for . Before presenting the award to Mexican
for , Penn questioned, "Who gave this son of a bitch his ?"
His remark caused some people to be offended by the comments, deeming them racist towards Latin Americans, and offensive to those who attempt to legally immigrate into the United States.
I?arritu said that it was a joke between him and Penn, who worked together on , and that he found it "hilarious." Penn later went on record defending his comments, saying, "I have absolutely no apologies. In fact, I have a big 'fuck you' for every...anybody who is so stupid not to have gotten the irony when you've got a country that is so xenophobic. If they had their way, you wouldn't have great filmmakers like Alejandro working in this country. Thank God we do."
In an interview published September 16, 2015, director and showrunner
responded to criticism about 's continued career in light of his domestic violence issues by referencing Penn's rumored history of domestic violence, saying: "[Terrence] ain't done nothing different than
or Sean Penn, and all of a sudden he's some f—in' demon." In response, Penn launched a $10 million defamation suit against Daniels, alleging that he had never been arrested for or charged with domestic violence. Penn dropped the lawsuit in May 2016 after Daniels retracted his statement and apologized.
A day after Mexican officials announced the capture of
in a bloody raid,
revealed on January 9, 2016 that Sean Penn, along with actress , had conducted a secret interview with El Chapo prior to his arrest. Del Castillo was contacted by Guzmán's lawyer (who was under
surveillance) to talk about producing a biographical film over Guzmán and communication increased following Guzmán's escape from prison in July 2015. The deal for the interview was brokered by del Castillo. According to published text messages with del Castillo, Guzmán did not know who Sean Penn was. CISEN released photographs of del Castillo at the meetings with Guzmán's lawyers and of the arrival of the actress and Penn to Mexico.
The interview was criticized by some, including the , which called the interview "maddening". Mexican authorities said they were seeking to question Penn over the interview, which had not been approved by either the American or Mexican government. Penn and del Castillo's meeting with Guzmán is under investigation by the .
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by Sean Penn, The Huffington Post, April 21, 2009
– video report by
Films directed by Sean Penn
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