新概念测单词词汇量:Brexit是什么意思

编辑点评:社交媒体和短信的闪现属性似乎正影响着英语文字的使用,因为我们最常用的单词越来越短了。最近,柯林斯推出了2016年度词汇,“Brexit”(英国脱欧)荣登榜首。还有哪些词汇上榜了呢?
It is a world where the most
feelings and desires can be portrayed with a single emoticon.这是个只用一个表情符号就能表达最亲密的情感和欲望的世界。
And it seems the
nature of social media and texting is having an impact on the English language as the words we most frequently use are getting shorter.社交媒体和短信的闪现属性似乎正影响着英语文字的使用,因为我们最常用的单词越来越短了。
Helen Newstead, the head of language content at Collins, said its 2016&words of the year& list has been strongly influenced by the younger generation.柯林斯语言内容负责人海伦&纽斯特德表示,年轻一代对2016年柯林斯&年度词汇&的影响力巨大。
Ms Newstead put the changing nature of language down to social media where space is often restricted and messages are sent in haste.纽斯特德女士把语言属性的改变归因于社交媒体,因其空间往往有限,且信息常常是匆忙发送的。
The Collins list is put together by a panel of lexicographers and experts, who look at terms that are becoming increasingly used. There are around 4.5 billion words in the Collins Corpus, but between 10 and 12 are picked for the final list.柯林斯目录是由词典学家和专家小组共同编制的,他们着眼于那些使用率日益增多的词汇。在柯林斯语言资料库中大约有45亿个单词,但只有10到12个单词被收录到最终目录里。
This year, the experts decided the word of the year was &Brexit& after it saw an
upsurge.今年,在见证了&Brexit&(英国脱欧)空前高涨的使用率之后,专家决定把&Brexit&作为年度词汇之首。
2016 | Collins& Words of the Year2016|柯林斯年度词汇
Brexit (noun): The withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the European UnionBrexit(名词):英国脱欧,指的是英国退出欧盟
Dude food (noun): Junk food such as hot dogs or burgers, which are considered particularly appealing to menDude food(名词):纯爷们美食,指的是热狗或汉堡一类特别受男士欢迎的垃圾食品
Hygge (noun): A concept, originating in Denmark, of creating cosy and convivial atmospheres that promote well-beingHygge(名词):友好温馨的氛围,这个概念起源于丹麦,指的是创造舒适、欢快且有益健康的氛围
Jomo (noun acronym, joy of missing out): Pleasure gained from enjoying one&s current activities without worrying that other people are having more funJomo(首字母缩略名词,错失的快乐):享受当下的乐趣,且不去考虑他人过得更欢乐
Mic drop (noun): A theatrical gesture in which a person drops (or imitates the action of dropping) a hand-held microphone to the ground as the finale to a speech or performanceMic drop(名词):丢麦克风,一个人将手持麦克风扔在地上(或模仿着扔的动作)来结束演讲或表演的夸张姿势
Sharenting (noun): The habitual use of social media to share news and images of one&s children Sharenting(名词):晒娃成癖,习惯性地在社交媒体上分享孩子的动态和照片
Snowflake generation (noun): The young adults of the 2010s, who are viewed as being less resilient and more prone to taking offence than previous generationsSnowflake generation(名词):雪花一代,指的是2010年代的青壮年,他们与前几代人相比,适应性差,且更容易生气
Throw shade (verb): To make a public show of contempt for someone or something, often in a subtle or non-verbal mannerThrow shade(动词):公开蔑视,多以微妙或非言语的方式来公开蔑视某人或某事
Trumpism(noun): (1) the policies advocated by the US politician Donald Trump, especially those involving a rejection of the current political establishment and the vigorous pursuit of American national interests (2) a controversial or outrageous statement attributed to Donald TrumpTrumpism(名词):特朗普主义(1)美国政客唐纳德&特朗普倡导的政策,特别是那些涉及抵制当前政治体制以及积极追求美国民族利益的政策;(2)唐纳德&特朗普发表的有争议的或令人震惊的声明
Uberization(noun): The adoption of a business model in which services are offered on demand through direct contact between a customer and supplier, usually via mobile technologyUberization(名词):优步化,通常以移动技术直接连接顾客和供应商来为顾客提供服务的一种商业模式的应用
声明:本双语文章的中文翻译系沪江英语原创内容,转载请注明出处。中文翻译仅代表译者个人观点,仅供参考。如有不妥之处,欢迎指正。当前位置:
新概念词汇:Brexit是什么意思
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新概念词汇:
The coinages Brexit and Brixit are a tongue-in-cheek reference to Great Britain no longer being part of the European Union – in other words a British exit or Britain exiting from the EU. The terms immediately gained wider exposure with the Prime Minister's announcement on January 23rd, which confirmed that the UK government would take definite steps to legislate for a referendum on EU membership before leaving office, and if re-elected would hold this referendum before the end of 2017.
Brexit和Brixit是对英国退出欧盟的一种戏虐说法,即British exit or Britain exiting from the EU(英国退出欧盟)。1月23日英国首相卡梅伦就是否退出欧盟发表讲话后,这两个词立即广泛传播。卡梅伦在讲话中表示,在离任前要就欧盟成员问题逐步实现依法全民公投;如果获得连任,将在2017年底前就此进行全民公投。
The terms Brexit and Brixit first appeared in June 2012, the latter allegedly coined by a columnist in The Economist, and the former by nationalist organization The British Resistance.
Brexit和Brixit这两个词最早出现在2012年6月,Brixit由《经济学人》杂志一位专栏作家首创,而Brexit则出自民族主义组织“英国抵抗”。
The words were most likely inspired by the term Grexit, which had appeared in February 2012 and refers to the possibility of Greece leaving the Eurozone (the group of EU countries which use the Euro as a unit of currency). The term Fixit, referring to the possibility of Finland doing the same, also appeared in June 2012.
这两个词的灵感很可能来源于2012年2月份出现的Grexit一词,这个词指希腊退出欧元区的可能性。2012年6月还出现Fixit一词,指芬兰退出欧元区。
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英语流行词:脱欧Brexit悔脱Regrexit
来源:沪江
  一个历史性的节点变成一场历史性的闹剧,腐国脱欧公投这事儿真是闹个不停……从全球瞩目的公投——结果脱欧——卡梅伦撩膀子不干了——英国人民悔了——苏格兰嚷嚷着要独立入欧——欧盟决定或把英语剔除欧盟官方语言……感觉比狗血大片还要精彩的英国政治日常……
  你发现各大报道被频频出现的Brexit(脱欧)这个新词屠版,还有这两天新出现的Regrexit(悔脱)……你们再这么闹下去,新单词怕也是没底了……
  因为公投炸出的一堆新单词,英语君就来给你们从来历到例句,全面科普!
  Regrexit
  Regrexit是Brexit的衍生词,是regret和exit两个词的结合体,合在一起的意思是“后悔脱离”,直接翻译为“悔脱”。
  【来源】
  其实,公投结果一出来,就有一大票英国民众说自己后悔了:
  As Brexiters realise full implications of voting out commences, I hereby
declare today the 25th June asRegrexit Day...
  鉴于“脱欧派”真正意识到自己的投票可能带来的后果,我自此宣布6月25日为“悔脱日”。
  Tweeters vented their anger on a variety of themes. Some of those who voted
“leave” said they now felt betrayed and wish they could turn back time and opt
to remain. Others called out those same “leave” voters for choosing to exit the
EU without having done the proper research.
  网友们纷纷在推特上表达自己的愤怒。有些投了脱欧的网友表示感觉自己被忽悠了,希望能重新做一次选择。另外一些人则指责这些投了脱欧票的人在投票之前没有做好功课。
  Multiple people have reportedly admitted they didn’t actually understand
what they’d been voting for, either believing they were registering a protest
vote against the government or just presuming that the “leave” campaign would
never win.
  很多人都表示并真正明白他们投票的目的,有的人认为这是是在为反政府抗议登记,还有人觉得反正脱欧派肯定不会赢。
  推特上甚至兴起了名为“我为脱欧写首诗”#WriteAPoemAboutBrexit的活动,腐国人民的创作热情根本停不下来:
  Roses Are Red
  Violets Are Blue
  Went To Vote
  Without Knowing What is EU
  #WriteAPoemAboutBrexit
  —Muskaan (@Muskaan016) June 26, 2016
  玫瑰是红的
  紫罗兰是蓝的
  你们去投票
  却不知道欧盟是个嘛玩意儿……
  这里,英语君不得不说,真的是不能理解您大腐国的民众了......
  不过,英国脱欧已成定局,就算“悔脱”的呼声也不断高涨,也没办法,谁让你自己作呢......英国已Brexit!
  Brexit
  【来源】
  Brexit(或Brixit)是对英国退出欧盟的一种戏虐说法,是British
和exit的结合体,合在一起的意思是“脱欧”。来看看外媒在报道里是怎么用这个词的吧~
  After the Brexit vote, a lot of discussions are arose in EU.
  在英国脱欧公投后,欧盟中掀起了很多争论。
  脱都脱了,“留欧派”那些悲切的声音好像随着卡梅伦的辞职,都化成泪水和恨铁不成钢之情,想当年“留欧”也是有自己的单词的!
  Bremain
  【来源】
  Bremain是British和remain的结合体,是用来形容“留欧”的。来看看之前外媒的评论:
  We still think that GBP/JPY is likely to appreciate the most strongly under
a “Bremain” scenario.
  我们还是认为如果英国留欧,英镑/日元的汇率形势会反响最强烈。
  英国脱欧后,其他国家又会如何选择?公投结果公布以后,推特上火了一个热门段子,如果其他国家会纷纷效仿英国脱欧Brexit会怎样呢?
  Grexit
  “希落”
  Greece + exit
  Italeave
  “意大离”
  Italy + leave
  Fruckoff
  “法客”
  France + off
  Finish
  “芬完”
  Finland + finish
  Byegium
  “拜利时”
  bye + Belgium
  而最终欧盟留下的独苗德国也变成了
  Germanlonely
  “德一只”
  Germany + lonely
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新概念词汇:Brexit是什么意思
00:00:00 来源:中国日报英语点津
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    新概念词汇:  The coinages Brexit and Brixit are a tongue-in-cheek reference to Great Britain no longer being part of the European Union & in other words a British exit or Britain exiting from the EU. The terms immediately gained wider exposure with the Prime Minister's announcement on January 23rd, which confirmed that the UK government would take definite steps to legislate for a referendum on EU membership before leaving office, and if re-elected would hold this referendum before the end of 2017.  Brexit和Brixit是对英国退出欧盟的一种戏虐说法,即British exit or Britain exiting from the EU(英国退出欧盟)。1月23日英国首相卡梅伦就是否退出欧盟发表讲话后,这两个词立即广泛传播。卡梅伦在讲话中表示,在离任前要就欧盟成员问题逐步实现依法全民公投;如果获得连任,将在2017年底前就此进行全民公投。  The terms Brexit and Brixit first appeared in June 2012, the latter allegedly coined by a columnist in The Economist, and the former by nationalist organization The British Resistance.  Brexit和Brixit这两个词最早出现在2012年6月,Brixit由《经济学人》杂志一位专栏作家首创,而Brexit则出自民族主义组织&英国抵抗&。  The words were most likely inspired by the term Grexit, which had appeared in February 2012 and refers to the possibility of Greece leaving the Eurozone (the group of EU countries which use the Euro as a unit of currency). The term Fixit, referring to the possibility of Finland doing the same, also appeared in June 2012.  这两个词的灵感很可能来源于2012年2月份出现的Grexit一词,这个词指希腊退出欧元区的可能性。2012年6月还出现Fixit一词,指芬兰退出欧元区。&
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post-truth adjective后真相(形容词)
Relating to or
circumstances in which
facts are less
in shaping public opinion than
to emotion and personal belief.意指一些特定状况,在那些情况下客观事实对公众意见的影响没有感性诉求产生的影响大;或者表示与这些状况相关。
Today, Oxford Dictionaries announces post-truth as its 2016 international Word of the Year. The Oxford Dictionaries Word of the Year is a word or expression chosen to reflect the passing year in language. Every year, the Oxford Dictionaries team reviews
for word of the year and then debates their , choosing one that captures the , mood, or preoccupations of that particular year.今天,《牛津词典》宣布将&后真相&作为2016世界年度词汇。&牛津词典年度词汇&是一个精选出来的单词或短语,它能以语言形式反映该年特点。《牛津词典》团队每年都会对候选的年度词汇进行评议,然后就词汇价值展开激烈辩论,最后挑选出一个词,这个词要能反映特定年份的社会思潮、情绪或重点关切。
Language research
by Oxford Dictionaries editors reveals that use of the word post-truth has increased by
2,000% over its usage in 2015.《牛津词典》编辑们的语言研究结果表明:相比2015年,&后真相&这个词的使用率上升了约2000%。
The concept of post-truth has been in existence for the past decade, but Oxford Dictionaries has seen a
in frequency this year in the context of the EU
in the United Kingdom and the
election in the United States. It has also become associated with a particular noun, in the phrase &post-truth politics&.&后真相&这一概念在过去十年中就已存在,但是《牛津词典》发现今年其使用频率飙升,而这种现象之后的背景是英国脱欧公投和美国总统大选。还出现了一个与之相关的特定名词短语&&&后真相政治&。
&It&s not surprising that our choice reflects a year dominated by highly-charged political and social ,& says Casper Grathwohl, President of Oxford Dictionaries. &Fuelled by the rise of social media as a news source and a growing distrust of facts offered up by the , post-truth as a concept has been finding its linguistic
for some time.&《牛津词典》负责人卡斯帕&格拉沃斯说:&果不其然,我们选出的词反映了今年充斥着高度紧张的政治和社会论争。随着社交媒体崛起成为大众消息来源,而传统媒体发布的事实受到越来越多的质疑,后真相这一概念已找到其语言学根基,而且这种现象已经持续一段时间了。&
The Word of the Year 候选年度词汇清单
adulting, n. [mass noun] informal the practice of behaving in a way characteristic of a responsible adult, especially the accomplishment of mundane but necessary tasks.成年人的行事方式:名词【物质名词】,(非正式)像一个负责任的成年人一样行为处事,尤其是完成一些单调但必要的任务。
alt-right, n. (in the US) an ideological grouping associated with extreme conservative or reactionary viewpoints, characterized by a rejection of mainstream politics and by the use of online media to disseminate
content. Find out more about the word's rise.另类右翼:名词,一个(美国的)持有极端保守或反对变革观点的意识形态组织,主要特点是反对主流政治,通过网络媒体故意散布有争议的内容。
Brexiteer, n. British informal a person who is in favour of the United Kingdom withdrawing from the European Union.英国脱欧支持者:名词,(非正式)指支持英国退出欧盟的人。
chatbot, n. a computer program designed to
conversation with human users, especially over the Internet.聊天机器人:名词,一个与人类聊天交流的模拟电脑程序,特指在线交流。
coulrophobia, n. [mass noun] rare extreme or
fear of clowns.小丑恐惧症:名词【物质名词】,指对小丑这一角色有极端害怕或非理性的恐惧。
glass cliff, n. used with reference to a situation in which a woman or member of a minority group
to a leadership position in challenging circumstances where the risk of failure is high.玻璃悬崖:名词,指女性或少数族裔在颇具挑战的情形下升到领导层职位,工作过程中遭遇失败的风险较高
hygge, n. [mass noun] a quality of cosiness and comfortable
that engenders a feeling of
or well-being (regarded as a defining characteristic of Danish culture). 舒适惬意:名词【物质名词】一种舒适惬意的快乐状态,能让人产生满足感或幸福感(是丹麦文化的典型特征)。
Latinx, n. (plural Latinxs or same) and adj. a person of Latin American origin or
(used as a gender-neutral or non-binary alternative to Latino or Latina). 拉丁裔:名词(复数为Latinxs或原形)、形容词,指拉丁美洲人或有拉丁美洲血统的人(这是一个中性的、无偏见的词,可代替Latino或Latina)。&&&
woke, adj. (woker, wokest) US informal alert to
in society, especially racism.唤醒:形容词(比较级为woker,最高级为wokest)(美国,非正式)警示社会中的不公平行为,尤指种族主义
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