两分钟英语演讲讲解aids

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英文版_关于艾滋病
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你可能喜欢AIDS是什么意思,词典释义与在线翻译:
abbr.(缩略词)
【医】艾滋病,获得性免疫功能丧失综合症(Acquired Immure Deficiency Syndrome)
[U]艾滋病(获得性免疫缺陷综合征) Acquired Immune Deficiency S a very serious disease caused by a type of virus called HIV, which makes your body unable to defend itself against diseases and infection
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a serious (often fatal) disease of the immune system transmitted through blood products especially by sexual contact or contaminated needles
AIDS的用法和样例:
Financial aids generally taper off after the first year of college.
助学金通常在大学一年级之后逐渐减少。
There is a TV show about AIDS on right now.
电视正在播放一个关于爱滋病的节目。
At present a great deal of research is being carried out to find a cure for AIDS.
目前,为了寻找治疗爱滋病的办法,人们正进行大量的研究工作。
So I hope you've learned a bit more about AIDS that maybe you didn't know before.
我希望你们通过今天的节目对爱滋病能够有所了解。
The city has a multitude of problems, from AIDS to drugs and murder.
这个城市有大量的问题,从爱滋病到吸毒和凶杀。
用作名词 (n.)
You can contract Aids if your bodily fluids come into contact with the bodily fluids of someone else who is infected with HIV.
如果你的体液与染有HIV者的体液接触,你就会染上艾滋病。
Recently many people have died of Aids.
最近有不少人死于艾滋病。
Indeed, they say,Aids is spread primarily by carriers who are not ill.
他们说艾滋病实际上最初是由健康人传播的。
In Britain,Aids tests are now performed on all people who offer to become blood donors.
在英国,现在对所有献血的人都要进行艾滋病检验。
The famous movie star is an Aids victim.
那位有名的电影明星是艾滋病患者。
Scientists are working on a cure for Aids.
科学家们正在研制一种治疗艾滋病的药物。
The leaflet has been produced with the aim of increasing public awareness of Aids.
印发该传单的目的是提高公众对艾滋病的意识。
The symptoms of Aids can take several years to develop.
艾滋病的症状可能在几年后显示出来。
用作名词 (n.)
感染艾滋病
死于艾滋病
艾滋病检测
艾滋病患者
AIDS的详细讲解:
Aids是Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome(获得性免疫缺陷综合征)的缩写,音译为“艾滋病”,其病原体为人类免疫缺陷病毒。人感染艾滋病后,体内淋巴细胞受到损害,免疫功能丧失,容易感染其他疾病而死亡。传染途径为性接触、血液传播、母婴传播等。
作为疾病名称,Aids前不加冠词。
Aids也常写作AIDS。
AIDS的海词问答与网友补充:
AIDS的相关资料:
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AIDS&:&艾滋病,获 ...
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【近义词】
获得性免疫缺陷综合征...
AIDS的相关缩略词,共有44条
获得性免疫缺陷综合征
综合数据和文件编制系统协会
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AIDS:红丝带是国际上用来表示对抗爱滋病的标志 艾滋病,又称为爱滋病、爱之病,是获得性免疫缺陷综合征或后天免疫缺乏症候群的英语全称“Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome”缩…
相关词典网站:关于AIDS的英文介绍_百度文库
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你可能喜欢彭丽媛联合国发言全程流利英文 讲述艾滋孤儿故事
  |  来源: 新京报  |  作者: 潘基  |  责任编辑: 许允兵
彭丽媛联合国出席会议全程英文演讲
“彭麻麻来啦!在联合国总部参加“教育第一促进可持续发展”高级别活动,全程流利英文发言!棒棒哒~”今天凌晨3点半,联合国官方微博发布了这一消息。
当地时间9月26日下午,国家主席习近平夫人彭丽媛在联合国出席活动,并用英文发表两场演讲。在其中一个演讲中,她首度谈到自己的中国梦。
彭丽媛是联合国教科文组织“促进女童和妇女教育特使”和世界卫生组织结核病和艾滋病防治亲善大使。
希望所有孩子都能受教育
据联合国官方微博介绍,这两场活动分别是“教育第一促进可持续发展”高级别活动和“每个妇女,每个儿童”高级别活动。
在教育第一倡议高级别活动上,彭丽媛用英文发表了近5分钟的演讲谈教育和自己的“中国梦”。
她在演讲中回忆,自己的父亲出生在一个小山村,当时村子里识字的人不多,自己的父亲作为村里夜校的校长,专门帮助村民识字。在父亲的帮助下,很多人第一次写出了自己的名字。
她表示,经过几代人的努力,中国的教育事业取得了显著成就。“我自己就是中国教育发展的受益者,否则的话,我永远都不可能成为一名女高音歌唱家和一个音乐教师。”
她在演讲中表示,教育要关注妇女和女童。女童入学非常重要,因为她们有一天会成为自己孩子的第一位老师。然而,妇女依然占世界贫穷人口的一半,60%的成人不会读书写字。教育是解决此类不平等的关键。在中国,春蕾计划已经帮助300万名女童重返校园,其中人已经从高校毕业,并成为有用之才。
彭丽媛也表示,教育事关公平公正,在许多贫困国家和地区,辍学比例很高,“我们呼吁加大对这些地方的教育投入;教育要面向青年,青年是我们的未来。”教育之所以重要是因为它不仅要教授知识和技能,而且也帮助青年人成长为有社会责任感的公民。
“有人问过什么是我的中国梦?我希望所有的孩子,特别是女孩,都能接受良好的教育,这就是我的中国梦。”演讲结尾引发了全场经久不息的掌声。
联合国秘书长潘基文夫人柳淳泽、韩国总统朴槿惠、英雄少女马拉拉以及英国前首相布朗也出席活动并先后发言。
讲述艾滋孤儿高俊的故事
应联合国秘书长潘基文邀请,彭丽媛还出席了“每个妇女、每个儿童”倡议高级别会议开幕式。彭丽媛发表了一个7分钟的演讲,回忆了一个艾滋病孤儿高俊的故事。
她介绍,2006年,自己作为中国预防艾滋病大使第一次到贫困的农村,见到全家感染艾滋病并失去父母的5岁男孩高俊。当时的情况让她心碎。随后在政府和民间团体的帮助下,高俊健康长大。
“当我再次见到高俊,他长高了也变得开心了,他的痛苦已经过去,他还和我一起拍了一个名叫‘永远在一起’的公益宣传片。他告诉我他的梦想是当一名飞行员,我希望他能够梦想成真。”
彭丽媛说,在过去10年中,她帮助过数以百计像高俊这样的艾滋病感染者,最让人高兴的是,看到他们在社会的帮助下健康成长。
她介绍说,在中国的大学,也有许多学生成为防艾志愿者。除了艾滋病之外,她还做了防治肺结核和控烟的工作。她非常感谢联合国制定新的促进妇女、儿童、青少年健康全球战略。她表示,“中国将继续同你们密切合作,全力支持这一战略的落实。”
记者注意到,演讲结束后,坐在彭丽媛右侧的潘基文侧过身来跟她握手,并向她表示感谢。现场座无虚席,听众对她的发言致以热烈的掌声。
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TED英语演讲集视频:Insights on HIV, in stunning data visuals 2011世界艾滋病日,HIV新数据和震撼的图表[中英字幕]
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TED Technology, Entertainment, Design在英语中的缩写,美国的一家私有非营利机构,以它组织的TED大会著称;将"用思想的力量来改变世界"作为宗旨。事实上,除了科技、娱乐、设计的主题,这场盛会涉及的领域还在不断扩展,展现着涉及几乎各个领域的各种见解,TED的演讲简短且深刻,参加者们称它为 “超级大脑SPA”。
(掌声) 艾滋病发现于1981年,HIV病毒是1983年 这张气泡图会展示 1983年后病毒在世界范围内扩散的情况 这是我们估计的状况 我们今天要展示的是 这条(Y)轴,是被感染的成年人比例 而这条(X)轴,是人均收入(美元) 而这些气泡的大小,这些气泡 代表每个国家被感染的人数 各大洲用颜色区分
Now, you can see United States, in 1983, had a very low percentage infected, but due to the big population, still a sizable bubble. There were quite many people infected in the United States. And, up there, you see Uganda. They had almost five percent infected, and quite a big bubble in spite of being a small country, then. And they were probably the most infected country in the world. Now, what has happened? Now you have understood the graph and now, in the next 60 seconds, we will play the HIV epidemic in the world.
现在来看看美国,在1983年 感染率还非常低 但因为人口基数大,这个气泡还是很大 也就是说在美国有很多人被感染 再上面是乌干达 感染率接近百分之五 虽然国家不大,但气泡也不小 他们可能是全世界感染率最高的国家 为什么会这样? 我想大家现在都能看明白这个图表了 在接下来的60秒里 我们会演示HIV病毒在世界上的传染过程
But first, I have a new invention here. (Laughter) I have solidified the beam of the laser pointer.
但在这之前,我要先拿出我的新发明 (笑声) 我把激光笔的光线变成固体了
(Laughter)
(Applause)
So, ready, steady, go! First, we have the fast rise in Uganda and Zimbabwe. They went upwards like this. In Asia, the first country to be heavily infected was Thailand -- they reached one to two percent. Then, Uganda started to turn back, whereas Zimbabwe skyrocketed, and some years later South Africa had a terrible rise of HIV frequency. Look, India got many infected, but had a low level. And almost the same happens here. See, Uganda coming down, Zimbabwe coming down, Russia went to one percent.
好,准备,坐稳了,开始! 最开始是乌干达和津巴布韦的感染率飙升 像这样一直上升 在亚洲,第一个受严重传染的国家是泰国 感染率达到百分之一到二 然后乌干达开始回落 而津巴布韦一飞冲天 几年后南非的HIV感染率急剧上升 看这里,印度也有很多人被感染 但总体比率还很低 这里也一样 看,乌干达下降了,津巴布韦下降了 俄罗斯上升到百分之一
In the last two to three years, we have reached a steady state of HIV epidemic in the world. 25 years it took. But, steady state doesn't mean that things are getting better, it's just that they have stopped getting worse. And it has -- the steady state is, more or less, one percent of the adult world population is HIV-infected. It means 30 to 40 million people, the whole of California -- every person, that's more or less what we have today in the world.
在过去的两三年里 世界HIV传染进入了稳定期 从开始到现在花了25年 但稳定并不意味着情况开始好转 而只是不再恶化而已 稳定情况就是说或多或少 世界成年人口的百分之一感染了HIV病毒 也就是说大约3000万到4000万人 相当于加利福尼亚的所有人口 这就是现在全世界艾滋病患者的大概数量
Now, let me make a fast replay of Botswana. Botswana -- upper middle-income country in southern Africa, democratic government, good economy, and this is what happened there. They started low, they skyrocketed, they peaked up there in 2003, and now they are down. But they are falling only slowly, because in Botswana, with good economy and governance, they can manage to treat people. And if people who are infected are treated, they don't die of AIDS. These percentages won't come down because people can survive 10 to 20 years. So there's some problem with these metrics now. But the poorer countries in Africa, the low-income countries down here, there the rates fall faster, of the percentage infected, because people still die. In spite of PEPFAR, the generous PEPFAR, all people are not reached by treatment, and of those who are reached by treatment in the poor countries, only 60 percent are left on treatment after two years. It's not realistic with lifelong treatment for everyone in the poorest countries. But it's very good that what is done is being done.
我们再快速看一下博茨瓦纳的传染过程 博茨瓦纳 - 南部非洲中上收入国家 民主政府,经济也不错 来看看这里的情况 (感染率)开始很低,然后火箭般窜升 在2003年达到顶峰 现在有所下降 但下降的速度很慢 因为博茨瓦纳的经济政治环境不错 可以治疗艾滋病患者 感染者只要接受治疗就不会轻易死于艾滋病 所以这个比例不会下降 因为病毒携带者可以继续活上10年到20年 所以这个测量方法现在有点问题 但非洲的穷国,下面的这些低收入国家 感染比例下降的很快 因为感染者在不断死亡 尽管有总统艾滋病紧急防治救援计划(PEPFAR),慷慨的PEPFAR 并不是所有人都能得到治疗 贫穷国家中,即使是受到治疗的那些人 两年后也只剩下60%的人还在治疗计划中 对穷国中的每一个患者 进行终身治疗是不现实的 但已经做的这些治疗毕竟是件好事
But focus now is back on prevention. It is only by stopping the transmission that the world will be able to deal with it. Drugs is too costly -- had we had the vaccine, or when we will get the vaccine, that's something more effective -- but the drugs are very costly for the poor. Not the drug in itself, but the treatment and the care which is needed around it. So, when we look at the pattern, one thing comes out very clearly: you see the blue bubbles and people say HIV is very high in Africa. I would say, HIV is very different in Africa. You'll find the highest HIV rate in the world in African countries, and yet you'll find Senegal, down here -- the same rate as United States. And you'll find Madagascar, and you'll find a lot of African countries about as low as the rest of the world. It's this terrible simplification that there's one Africa and things go on in one way in Africa. We have to stop that. It's not respectful, and it's not very clever to think that way.
但现在的关注点已经回到了预防上 只有阻止了传播 我们的世界才会有办法解决艾滋病 药物太贵了 -- 要有疫苗就好了 或者知道什么时候会有疫苗,疫苗会有效的多 但药物对穷人来说太贵了 并不是药物本身贵,而是整个治疗过程 以及所需的看护很贵 所以,我们看看整个图表 有一件事非常清楚: 你看那些蓝色的气泡 人们会说非洲的HIV携带率很高 我得说,HIV在非洲也是不同的 世界上最高的HIV感染率 在非洲国家 但这里也有塞内加尔,下面这里 感染率和美国一样 也有马达加斯加 和其它很多非洲国家 和世界其它地方的感染率一样低 将非洲简单地同一化是很可怕的 认为非洲的所有事情都是一个样 我们不能再这么想 这么想很不尊重 也很不明智
(Applause)
I had the fortune to live and work for a time in the United States. I found out that Salt Lake City and San Francisco were different. (Laughter) And so it is in Africa -- it's a lot of difference. So, why is it so high? Is it war? No, it's not. Look here. War-torn Congo is down there -- two, three, four percent. And this is peaceful Zambia, neighboring country -- 15 percent. And there's good studies of the refugees coming out of Congo -- they have two, three percent infected, and peaceful Zambia -- much higher. There are now studies clearly showing that the wars are terrible, that rapes are terrible, but this is not the driving force for the high levels in Africa.
我有幸在美国生活和工作过一段时间 我发现盐湖城和旧金山就很不一样 (笑声) 非洲也是一样 -- 各地有很多不同 那,为什么会这么高?因为战争? 不是的。看这里 饱经战火的刚果在下面 -- 百分之二、三、四的样子 而和平的邻国赞比亚 -- 百分之十五 有人研究过刚果难民的感染率 也在百分之二到三之间 而和平的赞比亚要高得多 现在有研究明确表明 虽然有很多战争,很多强奸 但并不是非洲HIV病毒高携带率的主要原因
So, is it poverty? Well if you look at the macro level, it seems more money, more HIV. But that's very simplistic, so let's go down and look at Tanzania. I will split Tanzania in five income groups, from the highest income to the lowest income, and here we go. The ones with the highest income, the better off -- I wouldn't say rich -- they have higher HIV. The difference goes from 11 percent down to four percent, and it is even bigger among women. There's a lot of things that we thought, that now, good research, done by African institutions and researchers together with the international researchers, show that that's not the case. So, this is the difference within Tanzania.
那,是因为贫穷吗? 如果我们看看宏观水平 好像钱越多,HIV就越多 但这过于简单化了 我们来仔细看看坦桑尼亚的情况 我把坦桑尼亚人按收入分成五组 从最高收入到最低 我们来看看 收入最高的人,处境较好的人,我不会叫他们富人 他们的HIV感染率更高 感染率最高有百分之十一,最低的到百分之四 妇女中这个差距更大 我们现在的想法,被很多研究 非洲及国际机构和研究人员所做的研究 证实是错误的 那么,这是坦桑尼亚的例子
And, I can't avoid showing Kenya. Look here at Kenya. I've split Kenya in its provinces. Here it goes. See the difference within one African country -- it goes from very low level to very high level, and most of the provinces in Kenya is quite modest.
我必须再举一下肯尼亚的例子 来看看肯尼亚 我按省份划分肯尼亚 来看看 在同一个非洲国家里的差别 从很低的水平到很高的水平 而肯尼亚大部分的省份感染率并不高
So, what is it then? Why do we see this extremely high levels in some countries? Well, it is more common with multiple partners, there is less condom use, and there is age-disparate sex -- that is, older men tend to have sex with younger women. We see higher rates in younger women than younger men in many of these highly affected countries.
那到底是什么原因呢? 为什么有些国家的感染率那么高? 有多个性伴侣的因素 有不爱用避孕套的因素 有异龄性爱因素 -- 就是老男人喜欢跟年轻女人做爱 在很多感染率较高的国家里 年轻女性的感染率要高于年轻男性
But where are they situated? I will swap the bubbles to a map. Look, the highly infected are four percent of all population and they hold 50 percent of the HIV-infected. HIV exists all over the world. Look, you have bubbles all over the world here. Brazil has many HIV-infected. Arab countries not so much, but Iran is quite high. They have heroin addiction and also prostitution in Iran. India has many because they are many. Southeast Asia, and so on. But, there is one part of Africa -- and the difficult thing is, at the same time, not to make a uniform statement about Africa, not to come to simple ideas of why it is like this, on one hand.
那地理上的分布又是怎么样呢? 我把气泡转移到地图上 看,高感染率的国家占世界人口的百分之四 但却有全球百分之五十的HIV感染者 HIV在世界各地都存在 看,气泡分布在所有地方 巴西有很多HIV感染者 阿拉伯国家不多,但伊朗很高 伊朗的问题是海洛因和卖淫 印度有很多因为它本身人口多 东南亚,等等 但非洲有一部分 -- 同时要注意的是 不要说到非洲就想到整个非洲 一方面不要认为出现现在的情况是因为单一的原因
On the other hand, try to say that this is not the case, because there is a scientific consensus about this pattern now. UNAIDS have done good data available, finally, about the spread of HIV. It could be concurrency. It could be some virus types. It could be that there is other things which makes transmission occur in a higher frequency. After all, if you are completely healthy and you have heterosexual sex, the risk of infection in one intercourse is one in 1,000. Don't jump to conclusions now on how to behave tonight and so on. (Laughter) But -- and if you are in an unfavorable situation, more sexually transmitted diseases, it can be one in 100.
另一方面要承认现在的情况很严重 现在对这个分布图科学界已经达成了共识 UNAIDS终于提供了HIV传播的 详细数据 可能是同时拥有多重性伴侣 可能是某些病毒种类 可能是有别的原因 使得传播到这样高的比例 不管怎样,如果你完全健康并且是异性恋 每次性交被传染的概率是千分之一 别轻易得出结论 今晚就去胡搞 (笑声) 但是,如果你的状况不那么好 更多通过性传染的疾病几率可以达到百分之一
But what we think is that it could be concurrency. And what is concurrency? In Sweden, we have no concurrency. We have serial monogamy. Vodka, New Year's Eve -- new partner for the spring. Vodka, Midsummer's Eve -- new partner for the fall. Vodka -- and it goes on like this, you know? And you collect a big number of exes. And we have a terrible chlamydia epidemic -- terrible chlamydia epidemic which sticks around for many years. HIV has a peak three to six weeks after infection and therefore, having more than one partner in the same month is much more dangerous for HIV than others. Probably, it's a combination of this.
但我们认为同时拥有多个性伴可能是主要原因 什么是同时拥有多重性伴侣? 在瑞典我们没有多重性伴侣 我们是连续的单一性伴侣 喝伏特加,除夕夜 -- 春天有新伙伴了 喝伏特加,仲夏夜 -- 秋天有新伙伴了 喝伏特加 -- 继续这样子,你们明白了吗? 这样你会有很多&前&女友 有一种可怕的衣原体传染病 这种可怕的衣原体传染病持续多年 而HIV是在感染后的三到六周有一个活动高峰 因此,在一个月里有多个性伙伴 对HIV传播是特别危险的 很可能,这是原因之一
And what makes me so happy is that we are moving now towards fact when we look at this. You can get this chart, free. We have uploaded UNAIDS data on the Gapminder site. And we hope that when we act on global problems in the future we will not only have the heart, we will not only have the money, but we will also use the brain.
让我高兴的是我们在考虑这些因素的时候 在不断地向真相进步 大家可以免费来拿这份图表 我们把UNAIDS的数据上传到Gapminder.org 并且希望将来在解决全球性问题时 我们不仅带着一颗心 不仅带着钱 也多用脑子
Thank you very much.
(Applause)
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