2015年成人高考部分试题及答案欢迎光临，这里是语录频道！位置：>>2015年成人高考部分试题及答案本文目录
生态学基础模拟预测试卷(一)
一、选择题：1～20小题。每小题2分，共40分。在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的。把所选项前的字母填在题后的括号内。
1.比较理想的耕种土壤是 ( )
2.原始森林遭到破坏后，形成森林的过程为 ( )
a.原生演替
b.次生演替
c.旱生演替
d.逆行演替
3.玉米与豆类间作，其关系属于 ( )
a.互利共生
b.偏利共生
c.原始合作
d.共栖作用
4.在强风地区生长的植物，其结构特征一般类似于 ( )
a.水生植物
b.湿生植物
c.中生植物
d.旱生植物
5.群落内部环境不具备的特点是 ( )
a.光照强度减弱
b.土壤湿度增加
c.空气湿度增加
d.气温增加
6.下列生理生态过程中的水用做代谢原料的是 ( )
a.保持温度
b.植物挺立
c.光合作用
d.气孔开闭
7.生态学学派分化是在 ( )
a.生态学的萌芽时期
b.生态学的建立时期
c.现代生态学时期
d.生态学的巩固时期
8.高原植物类胡萝卜素含量显著增加，并有花色素苷形成，其作用是 ( )
a.降低光合反应适温
b.提高光合作用量子效率
c.吸收高原增多的紫外辐射
d.阻止吸收高原增多的紫外辐射
9.生态位是一个既抽象而含义又十分丰富的生态学专有名词，它的主要内涵是 ( )
a.生态环境
b.生物单位适应性的总和
c.生物单位生存条件的总集合体
d.生物在群落中的功能作用
10.欧洲的穴兔于1859年由英国引入澳大利亚，十几年内数量急剧增长，与牛羊竞争牧场，成为一大危害。这种现象从种群数量变动角度看是属于 ( )
a.种群平衡
b.生态入侵
c.不规则波动
d.种群爆发
11.有效积温计算公式中y代表 ( )
a.一段时间的温度
b.生物学零度
c.一段时间的天数
12.为了减少一种真菌对果树的毒害，园艺家引入了一种形态结构和生理特性与真菌相似，但毒性相对低的真菌，从而使该果树增产。园艺家利用的是种间关系中的 ( )
a.寄生关系
b.共生关系
c.竞争关系
d.捕食关系
13.根据生态因子的性质，可将其分为土壤因子、地形因子、生物因子、人为因子和 ( )
a.气候因子
b.地球因子
c.外来因子
d.非生物因子
14.地中海果蝇的生物学零度是13.5℃，发育所需要的有效积温是250℃，则其在26℃条件下生长发育所需时间为 ( )
15.在长期人为培育生产环境中，各种大et农作物也形成了相似的形态、生理、生态特性，下列不属于其生活型特征的是 ( )
a.顶端优势强
c.抗病力弱
d.具有较高的光合能力
16.种群分布调查得分散度s2，若s2=0，即绝大多数样方的个体数稳定接近于平均数时，种群的分布为 ( )
a.随机分布
b.均匀分布
c.群集分布
d.成丛分布
17.生物个体大、寿命长、存活率高，要求稳定的栖息环境，则其生态对策是 ( )
18.物种频度从高到低分a、b、c、d和e五级，按饶基耶尔频度定律，在一个种类分布比较均匀一致的群落中，属于五级频度的种类的物种数的关系是 ( )
19.鸟类试图把所有的雏鸟喂活。一旦出现食物短缺，亲鸟会集中喂养部分雏鸟，而放弃对另一部分雏鸟的喂养。亲鸟的这种育雏方式体现了生物的 ( )
a.生殖对策灵活性
b.生殖对策延续性
c.生殖对策竞争性
d.生殖对策季节性
20.生态学根据生物类型可分为 ( )
a.植物生态学、动物生态学、微生物生态学等
b.分子生态学、细胞生态学、个体生态学、种群生态学、生态系统生态学等
c.陆地生态学、水域生态学等
d.森林生态学、农业生态学、山地生态学、城市生态学、景观生态学等
二、填空题：21～40小题，每小题2分，共40分。把答案填在题中的横线上。
21.生物在生长发育过程中，需从环境中摄取一定的热量才能完成其某一阶段的发育，而且生物各个发育阶段所需的总热量是一个常数，这一法则称为____。
22.动物种群中各个动物的地位具有一定顺序的等级现象称为____。
23.认为群落是客观存在的实体，是一个有组织的生物系统，像有机体与种群那样，这种群落性质观点是____ 。
24.根据数量稳定性、自然更新性以及人为再回收性等方面的差异，自然资源可分为___和可枯竭的自然资源两大类。
25.世界植被水平分布一般规律是北半球自北向南依次出现寒带的苔原、寒温带的针叶林、温带的夏绿阔叶林、亚热带的____以及热带的雨林。
26.高纬度地区恒温动物的身体住往比生活在低纬的同类个体大，因为个体大的动物，其单位体重散热量相对较少，这就是____。
27.生态系统的两大部分是____和非生物环境(非生命部分)。
28.某些生物种群的个体、配偶或家族，常将它们的活动局限在一定的区域内，并加以保护，这种现象称为 ____ 。
29.植被类型的地带性分布包括水平地带性分布和____。
30.坡向主要影响光照强度和____ ，使不同坡向的水热状况有较大差异。
31.生态学金字塔有能量金字塔、____和数量金字塔三种类型。
32.生态系统中的物质主要来源于大气圈、水圈和____。
33.建群种生活型相近而且群落外貌相似的植被型联合为____。
34.生态因子中生物生存不可缺少的因子称为生存因子、____。
35.在光照不足时，植物的光合作用量刚好与植物的呼吸消耗相平衡之处，称为光____。
36.饶基耶尔划分生活型的最重要依据是____。
37.可持续发展遵守的三个原则是：共同性原则、公平性原则和____
38.植物地上部分垂直投影面积占样地面积的百分比，叫____。
39.植被随海拔的升高依次成带状分布。这种植被大致与山体的等高线平行，并有一定的垂直厚度，称为植被分布的____ 。
40.成群分布的原因是种子传播方式以母株为扩散中心、动物的群居性和社会行为及___
三、判断题：41～50小题。每小题2分。共20分。判断下列各题的正误，正确的在题后的括号内划“√”。错误的划“×”。
41.水生生态系统的食物链一般比陆地生态系统的食物链长。 ( )
42.广适性生物是食性广的物种，狭适性生物是食性窄的物种。 ( )
43.在温暖季节里，干燥风带来热而干燥的空气，受这种风的影响后，植物体内水分平衡受破坏。 ( )
44.植物根系深入土壤，利于一部分微生物和穴居动物进入土壤的深层。 ( )
45.次生演替的结果是群落复生。 ( )
46.生物群落是生态系统的一个结构单位，即指其形态结构。 ( )
47.负相互作用是有害的。 ( )
48.世界植被的水平分布的经度地带性规律，与海陆分布、大气环流和大地形的影响无关。( )
49.温室效应魄加剧将导致大气中co2浓度降低。 ( )
50.从一个营养级到另一个营养级的能量转化效率为10%。能量游动过程中有90%的能量损失了，这就是营养级不能超过4级的原因。 ( )
四、简答题：51～53个小题，每小题10分，共30分。
51.简述二氧化碳使气候变暖的原理。
52.简述生态系统的动态包括哪两个方面的内容。
53.简述温室气体浓度升高的后果。
五、论述题：54题。20分。
54.论述怎样正确处理人与自然的关系?
生态学基础模拟预测试卷(一)
参考答案及解答
一、选择题：每小题2分，共40分。
1.2.3.c 4.d 5.d6.c 7.d 8.c 9.l0.b
11.c l2.c l3.a l4.d l5.a16.l7.l8.l9.a 20.a
二、填空题：每小题2分，共40分。
21.有效积温法则
22.社会等级
23.机体论观点
24.不可枯竭的自然资源
25.常绿阔叶林
26.bergmam规律
27.生物群落(有生命部分)
29.垂直地带性分布
30.日照时数
31.生物金字塔
33.植被型组
34.生存条件或生活条件
36.休眠芽(复苏芽)
37.持续性原则
38.盖度(投影盖度)
39.垂直地带性
40.环境资源贫富分布不均
三、判断题：每小题2分。共20分。
41.√42.×43.√44.√ 45.×
46.×47.×48.× 49.× 50.√
四、简答题：每小题10分。共30分。
51.二氧化碳影响地球能量平衡，即热量的辐射。能量主要是以光线的形式到达地球，其中大部分被吸收并通过各种方式转化为热量，热量最后以红外(热)辐射形式，从地球再辐射出去。在大气层中，二氧化碳对光辐射是透彻无阻的，但要吸收红外线并阻挡红外辐射的通过，就像温室的玻璃顶罩一样，能量进来容易出去难。大气中的二氧化碳越多，热外流越受阻，从而地球温度升得更高，这种现象称为温室效应。除二氧化碳以外，大气中的甲烷、氮氧化合物等气体浓度的增加，都能引起类似的效应，但在全球增温作用中以二氧化碳为主，约占60%以上。
52.生态系统的动态包括两个方面的内容：生态系统进化和生态系统演替。生态系统进化是长期的地质、气候等外部变化与生态系统生物组分活动结果所引起的内部过程相互作用的结果。早期的生态系统应该是水域生态系统。生态系统演替就是生态系统的结构和功能随时间的改变。演替有原生演替和次生演替之分，也有正向演替和逆向演替的区别。
53.(1)出现温室效应，使地表温度升高。
(2)导致极地和高山冰雪消融速度加快、海水受热膨胀，使海平面上升，沿海低地受到海水的侵袭。
(3)改变了全球水热分布格局，部分湿润地区可能变得干燥，而部分干燥地区可能变得湿润。
(4)改变了生态系统原有的平衡状态，一部分生物可能不适应环境的改变而濒危或灭绝。
五、论述题：20分。
54.随着生产力的发展和科学技术的进步，人类已经由自然生态系统中的普通成员转变为能够任意改变自然的主宰者。人类在改造自然，造福人类的同时，也带来了一系列环境问题，危害到了人类的自身生存。人类必须重新审视自己在自然中的地位，处理好与自然的关系。用生态学观点指导生产，规范人们的行为，是正确处理人与自然关系的前提。控制人口数量，可为其他生物留有足够的生存空间并能减少对自然资源的消耗。在改造自然，服务于人类的时候，要保持生态系统的平衡状态，避免生态失衡带来的危害。在取用自然资源的时候，要考虑对环境的保护并使可更新资源能持续利用，使不可更新资源能长久利用。要彻底摒弃自然资源取之不尽用之不竭的错误观点。2015年成人高考部分试题及答案(2)沙发一、选择题(本大题共40小题，每小题2分，共80分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的)
1.商朝工匠有很高的青铜冶炼技术。青铜的主要成分是()
a.铜b.铜、锡、铅
c.铜、铁d.铜、银、铅
2.蔡伦改进造纸术的时间是()
a.秦朝b.西汉
c.东汉d.三国
3.司马迁的史学名著《史记》是我国第一部()
a.纪传体通史b.编年体通史
c.纪传体断代史d.编年体断代史
4.历史上把唐太宗统治时期称为()
a.贞观之治b.开元盛世
c.开皇之治d.光武中兴
5.北宋与南宋的关系，类似于()
a.西汉与东汉b.西晋与东晋
c.东魏与西魏d.唐朝与后唐
6.被国外誉为&中国17世纪的工艺百科全书&的著作是()
a.《本草纲目》b.《天工开物》
c.《农政全书》d.《梦溪笔谈》
7.鸦片战争后，中国社会最主要的矛盾是()
a.外国资本主义和中华民族的矛盾
b.地主阶级和农民阶级的矛盾
c.资产阶级和无产阶级的矛盾
d.封建主义和人民大众的矛盾
8.1862年春，统帅反动武装驻守安庆分三路围攻太平军的是()
a.曾国藩b.曾国荃
c.李鸿章d.左宗棠
9.法国参加第二次鸦片战争的借口是()
a.马嘉理事件b.马神甫事件
c.亚罗号事件d.虎门销烟
10.维新派政治团体形成的标志是()
a.万木草堂的建立b.强学会的成立
c.时务学堂的建立d.保国会的成立
11.黎元洪和段祺瑞&府院之争&的实质反映了()
a.北洋军阀之间的矛盾
b.国会与国务院之间的矛盾
c.北洋军阀与帝国主义之间的矛盾
d.日本和美国在华利益的矛盾
12.中国工人阶级第一次登上政治舞台的标志是()
a.五四运动中的工人罢工
b.第一次工人运动高潮的掀起
c.&五卅&运动中的工人罢工
d.省港工人大罢工
13.中国最早的马克思主义者是()
a.陈独秀b.李大钊
c.董必武d.毛泽东
14.打响了武装反抗******反动派第一枪的是()
a.南昌起义b.秋收起义
c.广州起义d.平江起义
15.标志着全国性抗日战争开始的事件是()
a.&九&一八&事变b.&一&二八&事变
c.&七&七&事变d.&八&一三&事变
16.明确规定毛泽东思想是中国共产党的指导思想的会议是()
a.遵义会议b.洛川会议
c.中共&七大&d.中共&八大&
17.解放战争时期，战略决战的第一次战役是()
a.淮海战役b.平津战役
c.辽沈战役d.解放济南
18.西藏和平解放是在()
a.1949年b.1950年
c.1951年d.1952年
19.在抗美援朝中，担任首任中国人民志愿军司令员的是()
a.彭德怀b.朱德
c.陈毅d.贺龙
20.中国社会主义初级阶段大致时间是()
a.20世纪50年代至90年代
b.20世纪60年代至本世纪末
c.20世纪80年代至下世纪初
d.20世纪50年代至下世纪中叶
21.英国资产阶级革命的导火线是()
a.新议会召开b.苏格兰人民起义
c.英格兰人民起义d.掘地运动开始
22.美国独立战争中的转折战役是()
a.萨拉托加战役b.来克星顿战役
c.约克镇战役d.纽约战役
23.拿破仑对西班牙进行战争的性质是()
a.侵略战争b.防御战争
c.反复辟战争d.争霸战争
24.拉丁美洲第一个独立国家是()
a.海地b.古巴
c.玻利维亚d.墨西哥
25.被称为&铁血宰相&的是()
a.威廉一世b.仰斯麦
c.加富尔d.麦克&马洪
26.在意大利统一的过程中，起核心作用的国家是()
a.撒丁王国b.西西里王国
c.教皇国d.帕尔马
27.&把人类借助机械翱翔蓝天的梦想变成了现实&的历史事件发生在()
a.1898年b.1901年
c.1903年d.1905年
28.主要资本主义国家开始出现垄断组织是在()
a.19世纪初期b.19世纪中期
c.19世纪晚期d.20世纪初期
29.印度&非暴力不合作&运动的主要领导人是()
a.提拉克b.卡尔姆昌德&甘地
c.尼赫鲁d.普列姆昌德
30.苏维埃国家开始实行&新经济政策&是在()
a.1918年b.1921年c.1922年d.1924年
31.下列国家中，最早建立法西斯专政的国家是()
a.德国b.意大利c.西班牙d.日本
32.第二次世界大战的转折点是()
a.莫斯科保卫战
b.阿拉曼战役
c.斯大格勒战役
d.诺曼底登陆
33.下列各国，始终未加入国际联盟的是()
a.日本b.美国c.英国d.法国
34.标志着欧洲殖民者奴役非洲长达500年的历史结束的事件是()
a.阿尔及利亚的独立
b.牙买加的独立
c.斯里兰卡的独立
d.纳米比亚的独立
35.中国共产党制定革命统一战线政策是在()
a.中共&二大&b.中共&三大&
c.&八七&会议d.瓦窑堡会议
36.日，人民解放军占领南京，标志着()
a.******统治的覆灭
b.新民主主义革命的完成
c.人民解放战争结束
d.社会主义革命的开始
37.1814年英国人史蒂芬孙发明了()
a.汽船b.汽车c.火车机车d.飞机
38.法国资产阶级革命高潮过去的标志是()
a.热月政变b.雾月政变
c.法兰西第一帝国的兴起d.法兰西第一帝国的灭亡
39.19世纪中期，德意志和意大利面临的同样的任务是()
a.民族独立b.民主统一
c.摆脱贫困d.宗教改革
40.1961年不结盟国家元首和政府首脑会议召开的地点是()
a.万隆b.日内瓦
c.雅加达d.贝尔格莱德
二、非选择题(本大题共6小题，前五个小题每小题10分，最后一个小题20分，共70分)
41.阅读下面材料：
自唐天宝以来，方镇屯重兵，多以赋入自赡&&五代方镇益强&&厚敛以自利&&上始即位，犹循常制&&及赵普为相，劝上革去其弊。是月，申命诸州，度支经费外，凡金帛以助军实，悉送都下，无得占留。时方镇阙守帅，稍命文臣权知&&又置转运使、通判，为之条禁，文簿渐为精密，由是利归公上而外权削矣。&&《续资治通鉴长编》
(1)文中&唐天宝&指哪个皇帝在位时期?
(2)文中&上&指哪个皇帝?
(3)文中&转运使&的职责是什么?以文臣做方镇守帅对谁有利?
(4)上述史料涉及的措施有何弊端?
42.阅读下面材料：
材料一美国及其他国家必须感谢英国，因为它订立的《南京条约》开放了中国的门户。但现在，英国和其他国家，也必须感谢美国，因为我们将这个门户开放得更宽阔&&&&《美国专使顾盛向美国政府的报告》
材料二松太(松江、太仓地区)利在棉花梭布&&近日洋布大行，价才当梭布三分之一。吾村专以纺织为业，近闻已无纱可纺。松江布市，消减大半，去年棉花客大都折本。&&包世臣《安吴四种》
(1)为什么顾盛说：&我们将这个门户开放得更宽阔?&
(2)材料二反映了什么时候的现象?
(3)依据以上材料概述鸦片战争对中国社会的主要影响。
43.阅读下面材料：
第1节本宪法所赋予一切立法权，应操于联邦国会，国会包括参议院和众议院。
第2节第3款众议员名额和直接税，应按照本联邦内各州的人口分配。这种人口的决定，除全部自由人外，应加上所有其他人口3/5.这种自由人中包括必须服一定年限劳役的人口，不包括未纳税的印第安人&&
第1节第1款行政权应操于美利坚合众国总统。总统的任期定为4年&&
第1节联邦的司法权应操于最高法院及联邦国会得以随时规定并设立的各种低级法院。最高法院和低级法院两者的法官，只要能忠于职守，即应继续在职&&&&《美利坚合众国宪法》(1787年)
(1)制定这部宪法的目的是什么?
(2)这部宪法体现了什么原则?
(3)这部宪法有什么进步性?
(4)这部宪法有什么局限性?
44.王安石变法的原因、目的、主要内容和作用分别是什么?
45.近代中国的思想家们是如何向西方学习的?
46.第三次科技革命开始于何时?简述其特点和影响。
一、选择题
1.b2.c3.a4.a5.b
6.b7.a8.a9.b10.b
11.d12.a13.b14.a15.c
16.c17.c18.c19.a20.d
21.b22.a23.a24.a25.b
26.a27.c28.c29.b30.b
31.b32.c33.b34.d35.b
36.a37.c38.a39.b40.d
二、非选择题
41.(1)唐玄宗。
(2)宋太祖赵匡胤。
(3)转运使是中央派到地方管理财政的。文臣做方镇守帅可以避免割据现象，有利于中央集权。
(4)增设官吏造成庞大的官僚机构，这是北宋中期社会危机的重要原因之一。
42.(1)1844年美国强迫清政府签订了《望厦条约》，扩大了侵略权益。
(2)鸦片战争以后，资本主义国家向中国倾销商品，中国自给自足的封建经济逐步解体。
(3)中国的领土、领海、司法、关税和贸易主权开始遭到严重破坏;西方列强疯狂地向中国倾销商品和掠夺原料，中国的封建经济逐步解体;中国开始沦为半殖民地半封建社会，中国社会的主要矛盾、中国人民肩负的革命任务均发生了重大变化，中国进入旧民主主义革命时期。
43.(1)要加强美国中央政府的权力。
(2)体现了立法(国会)、司法(最高法院)、行政(总统)三权分立的原则。
(3)确立了美国的共和政体，规定总统和议员由人民选举产生，具有一定的民主性。
(4)允许奴隶制存在，不承认广大黑人和印第安人具有同白人相等的权利，深深打上了种族歧视的烙印。
44.北宋中期，庞大的官僚机构和军队，使得官俸和军费开支浩大，政府财政入不敷出。北宋实行不限制土地兼并的政策，土地集中现象严重，再加上农民赋税不断加重，导致社会阶级矛盾尖锐，农民起义经常爆发。此外，辽和西夏仍然威胁着北宋的安全，北宋每年还负担沉重的&岁币&。这一切，造成严重的统治危机，这就是王安石变法的原因。
1069年，宋神宗任用王安石进行变法，希望通过变法达到富国强兵、克服统治危机的目的。
王安石变法的主要内容包括：青苗法，每年青黄不接时，官府向农民提供种子或贷款;募役法，征收免役钱，用来雇人到官府服役，官僚也不例外;方田均税法，核实土地，按土地的多少、好坏平均赋税;农田水利法，鼓励垦荒和兴修水利;保甲法，把农村人口以保、大保为单位组织起来，两丁以上的人户，出一人为保丁，保丁平时种田，农闲时练兵。
新法推行十几年，取得了一定成效。政府收入有所增加，军事力量有所加强，也促进了农业生产的发展。
45.林则徐、魏源等人学习西方，提出&师夷长技以制夷&的进步主张。洪仁环的《资政新篇》，最早提出了在中国发展资本主义的方案，反映了先进的中国人向西方寻找真理和探索救国救民道路的愿望。洋务派为维护清朝统治，也提出过&中学为体，西学为用&的主张。早期资产阶级维新派主张振兴工商业，学习西方的自然科学知识，有的还主张实行君主立宪。康有为、梁启超等则把西方资本主义的政治学说同传统的儒家思想结合起来，积极宣传维新变法主张，并掀起一场爱国救亡的政治运动。严复等人大量介绍西学，宣传&优胜劣汰&的社会进步理论，推动了戊戌变法运动。以孙中山为首的资产阶级革命派，主张学习西方的经济政治制度并把从西方学到的国家学说发展为三民主义，用它指导了伟大的辛亥革命。陈独秀、李大创等激进的民主主义者，以民主和科学为旗帜，掀起了一场新文化运动。
46.时间：20世纪40年代～50年代。
特点：科学技术在推动生产力发展方面起着越来越重要的作用，科学技术转化为直接生产力的速度加快;科学和技术紧密结合，相互促进;科学技术各个领域之间相互渗透。
影响：推动了社会生产力的发展;促进了社会经济结构社会生活结构的变化;推动了国际经济格局的调整。希望本文2015年成人高考部分试题及答案能解决您的问题。请记住我们的网址：2015年成人高考部分试题及答案(3)板凳Ⅰ. phonetics(10 points)
directions:
in each of the following groupof words, there are four underlined letter combinationmarked a, b, c and d. compare the underlined partand identifthe one that idifferent from the otherin pronunciation. mark your answer bblackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.
1.a. head b. horizon c. honour d. human
2.a. citb. bicycle c. face d. climb
3.a. think b. these c. breathe d. with
4.a. ground b. countrc. thousand d. found
5.a. pour b. hour c. course d. four
6.a. both b. post c. cold d. son
7.a. altogether b. talk c. alwayd. also
8.a. suggestion b. nation c. dictation d. satisfaction
9.a. started b. closed c. waited d. needed
10.a. rare b. fare c. scare d. are
Ⅱ.vocabularand structure(40 points)
directions:
there are 40 incomplete sentencein thisection. for each sentence there are four choicemarked a, b, c and d. choose one answer that best completethe sentence and blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.
11. _______ idea of _______ soundmuch better than clare&s.
a. the, herb. that, her c. that, herd. one, her
12. china ifamou________ the great wall.
a. about b. for c. ad. of
13. our school ________ new facilities.
a. iequipped with b. equipwith c. will be equip with d. haequip with
14. i made thimyself but it wa_______ who taught me.
a. he b. him c. himself d. bhim
15. he had hibicycle _______ yesterday.
a. repair b. repairing c. repaired d. be repaired
16. it waa ________ room, with beautiful wall paper, waxed floor and nice furniture.
a. pleased b. pleasant c. pleasing d. preasant
17. he regretted _______the decision too hastily.
a. make b. to make c. making d. have maked
18. the professor insisted that we _______ our homework before next month.
a. handed in b. will hand in c. hand in d. must hand in
19. it ______ me of the countrwhich we visited last summer.
a. rememberb. recallc. remindd. tell20. he _______ smoking at last.
a. gave up b. gave out c. gave in d. gave off
21. john wa_______ he ladown for an hour before dinner.
a. so tired ab. so tired that c. too tired that d. too tired so
22. your answer idifferent ________ the teacher&s.
a. to b. at c. from d. with
23. it would be _______ a risk to leave the babalone.
a. running b. passing c. carrying d. obeying
24. the fact _______ hihealth ibad inot true.
a. which b. that c. ad. what
25. these ______ did unusuallwell in the contest, so the judgedidn&t know whom to give prize to.
a. woman singerb. women singerc. women singer d. womansingers
26. man must stop _______ the earth&atmosphere.
a. filling b. wasting c. polluting d. blackening
27. we can&t _______ another 100 kilometeranmore.
a. have b. turn c. make d. reach
28. imar______ to join in us?
a. supposed b. exposed c. supported d. indicated
29. i want to be told all _______.
a. which happen b. which happened
c. that had happened d. that had been happened
30. we&ve all heard of thomaedison, _______ who invented the electric light and manother things.
a. man b. a man c. the man d. men
31. don&t tell me such thing_______ you are not certain.
a. that b. which c. those d. as
32. _______ a microscope we can see different kindof thingthat are unable to be seen bour naked eyes.
a. in termof b. in place of c. bmeanof d. bfar
33. jackson went to work ______ hiillness.
a. besideb. even though c. in spite of d. although
34. anybodwill do, _______ he iresponsible for that.
a. afar ab. so far ac. along ad. asoon as
35. i suppose thehave known about it, _______?
a. am i b. am not i c. have thed. haven&t they
36. it ______ him ten yearto write that novel.
a. took b. spent c. cost d. costed
37. the studentare looking forward to _______ their holidayin japan.
a. spend b. spending c. for spend d. spent
38. theall ______ mentioning that girl.
a. avoided b. got awac. ran awad. escaped
39. human beingshould find a new _______ of energy.
a. orient b. source c. origin d. souse
40. the couch icomfortable to _______.
a. sit b. be sat c. sitted d. sit on 41. so loudl_______ that all the people in the room got a fright.
a. he shouted b. shout he c. did he shout d. he did shout
42. he ithe onlone of the sonin the familwho ______ received high education.
a. are b. ic. have d. has
43. we think of mr. li ______ our good friend.
a. ib. to be c. ad. habeen
44. the mountain i1,000 feet _______ the sea level.
a. over b. higher c. above d. high
45. the road will be blocked if there _______ another snow.
a. ib. will be c. to be d. will have
46. david like countrlife and hadecided to _______ farming.
a. get hold of b. get along with c. go in for d. go thorough
47. these children have an advantage _______ those in calculation.
a. over b. than c. to d. with
48. shanghai haa larger population than _______ in china.
a. ancitb. another citiec. other citd. another city
49. in some countriethere are a lot of young people now need _______teeth.
a. false b. untrue c. wrong d. erroneous
50. thibook cost______ that one.
a. twice more b. twice more ac. two timemore ad. twice amuch aⅢ. cloze (20 points)
directions:
for each blank in the following passage, there are four choicegiven below and marked a, b, c and d. choose the one that imost suitable and mark your answer bblackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.
smoking, which mabe a pleasure for some people, ia seriousource of discomfort for their fellows. _51_, medical authoritieexprestheir concern about the effect of smoking _52_ the health not onlof those who smoke but also of those who do not. in fact, non-smokerwho must involuntarilinhale (吸入) the air _53_ btobacco smoke masuffer more than the smoker_54_.
smoking iprohibited in the theatreand in hallused for showing film_55_ in laboratorie_56_ there mabe a fire hazard (危险). elsewhere, it iup to your good _57_.
i am _58_ asking you to maintain &no-smoking& in classroomand seminar rooms.
thiwill prove that you have the _59_ health in mind, which iverimportant to a large _60_ of our students.
51.a. still b. further c. more d. again
52.a. in b. to c. on d. with
53.a. polluting b. be polluted c. polluted d. to be polluted
54.a. them b. themselvec. their own d. they
55.a. and b. but c. awell ad. also
56.a. where b. which c. that d. how
57.a. feeling b. sense c. realize d. think
58.a. so b. next c. therefore d. and
59.a. non-smokerb. non-smokers& c. non-smoker&d. non-smoker
60.a. number b. amount c. mand. much
Ⅳ. reading comprehension (60 points)
directions:
there are four reading passagein thipart. each passage ifollowed bfive questions. for each question there are four suggested answermarked a, b, c and d. choose one best answer and blacken the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.
passage one
all the housewivewho went to the new supermarket had one great ambition: to be the luckcustomer who did not have to pafor her shopping. for thiwawhat the notice just inside the entrance promised. it said: &remember, once a week, one of our customergetfree goods. thimabe your luckday!&
for several weekmrs. edwardhoped, like manof her friends, to be the luckcustomer. unlike her friends, she never gave up hoping. the cupboardin kitchen were full of thingwhich she did not need. her husband tried to advise her against buying thingbut failed. she dreamed of the dawhen the manager of the supermarket would approach her and say: &madam, thiiyour luckday. everything in your basket ifree.&
one fridamorning, after she had finished her shopping and had taken it to her car, she found that she had forgotten to buantea. she dashed back to the supermarket, got the tea and went towardthe cash-desk. ashe did so, she saw the manager of the supermarket approach her. &madam,& he said, holding out hihand, &i want to congratulate you! you are our luckcustomer and everything you have in your basket ifree!&
61. the housewivelearnt about the of free good_______.
a. on tv b. from the manager
c. at the supermarket d. from the newspaper
62. mrs. edward________.
a. ialwayverluckb. had no friends
c. hoped to get free shopping d. getdisappointed easily
63. mrs. edwards&husband tried to ________.
a. make her unhappb. cheer her up
c. buthingwith her d. stop her buying things
64. mrs. edwardwent back to the supermarket quicklbecause she had to _______.
a. buanother thing b. talk to the manager
c. pafor her shopping d. find her shopping
65. mrs. edwardmust have been ________.
a. pleased b. delighted c. proud d. disappointed deep inside a mountain near sweetwater in east. tennessee ia bodof water known athe lost sea. it ilisted bthe guinnesbook of would recordathe world&largest underground lake. the lost sea ipart of an extensive and historic cave system called craighead caverns.
the cavernhave been known and used since the dayof the cherokee indian nation. the cave expandinto a serieof huge roomfrom a small opening on the side of the mountain. approximatelone mile from the entrance, in a room called &the council room,& manindian artisfacthave been found. some of the itemdiscovered include pottery, arrowheads, weapons, and jewelry.
for manyearthere were persistent rumorof a large underground lake somewhere in a cave, but it wanot discovered until 1905. in that year, a thirteen-year-old bonamed ben sandcrawled through a small opening three hundred feet underground. he found himself in a large cave half filled with water.
todatouristvisit the lost sea and ride far out onto it in glass-bottomed boatpowered belectric motors. more than thirteen acreof water have been mapped out so far and still no end to the lake habeen found. even though teamof diverhave tried to explore the lost sea, the full extent of it istill unknown.
66. the lost sea iunique because it i________.
part of a historical cave system
the biggest underground lake in the world
listed in the guinnesbook of world records
the largest bodof water in tennessee
67. the craighead cavernhave been known ________.
a. through historb. since the time of the indian nations
c. since 1905 d. since diverexplored them
68. who located the lost sea in recent times?
a. the cherokee indians. b. tourists.
c. ben sands. d. scientists.
69. what wafound in &the council room&?
a. a small natural opening. b. a large cave.
c. another serieof rooms. d. manold indian objects.
70. it can be inferred from the passage that the craighead cavernpresentlserve a____.
a. an underground testing site b. an indian meeting ground
c. a tourist attraction d. a motor boat race course passage three
generationof americanhave been brought up to believe that a good breakfast ione life&essentials. eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have all been told, and told again, ianecessaraputting gasoline in the familcar before starting a trip.
but for manpeople the thought of food first thing in the morning ibno meana pleasure. so despite all the efforts, thestill take no breakfast. between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figureare available, the number of people who didn&t have breakfast, increased b33 percent.
for those who feel pain of guilt about not eating breakfast, however, there isome good news. several studiein the last few yearindicate that, for adultespecially, there mabe nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. &going without breakfast doenot affect performance,& said arrold e. bender, former professor of the nutrition at queen elizabeth college in london, &nor doegiving people breakfast improve performance.&
scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better performance isurprisinglinadequate, and most of the recent work involvechildren, not adults, &the literature&, sayone researcher, dr. erresto at the universitof texas, &ipoor&.
71. the latest year for which figurecould be obtained i_______.
a. the year the author wrote the article b. 1977
c. anyear between 1997 and 1983 d. 1983
72. for those who do not take breakfast, the good newithat _______.
several studiehave been done in the past few years
the omission of breakfast doeno harm to one&health
adulthave especiallmade studiein thifield
eating little in the morning igood for health
73. &&nor doegiving people breakfast improve performance& mean______.
anyone without breakfast doeimprove hiperformance
not giving people breakfast improve performance
having breakfast doenot improve performance, either
people having breakfast do improve their performance
74. the word &literature& in the last sentence referto _______.
a. stories, poems, plays, etc. b. written workon a particular subject
c. anprinted material d. the modern literature of america
75. what iimplied but not stated bthe author ithat _______.
breakfast doenot affect performance
dr. erresto iengaged in research work at an institution of higher learning
not eating breakfast might affect the health of children
professor bender once taught college coursein nutrition in london passage four
about 35% of all high school graduatein america continue their education in an institution of higher learning. the word college iused to refer to either a college or a university. these institutionoffer four-year programthat lead to a bachelor of art(b.a.) or bachelor science (b.s.) degree. some studentattend a junior college (providing onla two-year program) for one to two yearbefore entering a four-year college aa sophomore (二年级生) or junior (三年级生).
it igeneralleasier to be accepted at a state universitthan at a private one. most private schoolrequire strict entrance examinationand a high grade point average (gpa), awell aspecific college prep classein high school. private schoolcost considerablmore than state collegeand famouprivate schoolare verexpensive. poorer studentcan sometimeattend, however, bearning scholarships. some college graduatego on to earn advanced masteror doctoral degreein grad (graduate) school. occupationin certain fieldsuch alaw or medicine require such advanced studies.
since college costare verhigh, most studentwork at part-time jobs. some have full-time joband go to school part-time. often somewill take five or more yearto complete a four-year program because of mone/ jodemandon their time.
while the college and work demandtake up the great part of a student&time, most still enjosocial activities. sports, dances, clubs, movies, and playare all verpopular. however, gathering together for long, philosophical talkat a favorite meeting place on or near the universitiprobablthe most popular activity.
76. college education i_______ in america.
a. quite common b. verrare
c. something difficult d. almost impossible
77. which of the following inot required for entering most private schools.
a. entrance examinationb. taking part in manactivities
c. gpa d. college prep classes
78. how can poor studentattend private schools?
a. onlbworking at part-time jobs. b. onlbworking at full-time jobs.
c. onlbearning scholarships. d. all of above.
79. the american college studentlike to _______ most of all.
a. discusproblemon philosophb. plaballs
c. earn enough moned. go to the cinemaor theatres
80. the best title for thipassage i_______.
a. part-time jobb. american college
c. popular activitd. a new system
Ⅴ. writing (20 points)
directions:
for thipart, you are allowed 20 minuteto write a composition of about 80 wordaccording to the following topic.
金钱是一切吗?(imoneeverything?) 参考答案
Ⅰ. phonetics
1.c 2.d 3.a 4.5.6.d 7.b
8.a 9.10.d
Ⅱ. vocabularand structure
11.c 12.13.a 14.a 15.c 16.17.c
18.c 19.c 20.a 21.22.c 23.a 24.b
25.26.c 27.c 28.a 29.c 30.c 31.d
32.c 33.c 34.c 35.d 36.a 37.38.a
39.40.d 41.c 42.d 43.c 44.c 45.a
46.c 47.a 48.d 49.a 50.d
51.52.c 53.c 54.55.c 56.a 57.b
58.c 59.60.a
Ⅳ. reading com
prehension
61.c 62.c 63.d 64.a 65.d 66.67.b
68.c 69.d 70.c 71.d 72.73.c 74.b
75.c 76.a 77.78.d 79.a 80.b
Ⅴ. writing
in moneeverything?
i don&t think moneieverything, but we can&t do without it. fox example, monecan&t buuhappinesand a good education. and for another example, monecan&t buugood health and a long life. but we can not live without money. we need it for our dailnecessitiesuch afood, clotheand transportation. what&more, we need it to live a better life. in short, we should learn the value of moneand make the most of itadvantages.2015年成人高考部分试题及答案的相关栏目网友推荐的经典语句最新发布的语录最新发布的帖子本文相关搜索}