请帮忙翻译一下下面的文章,单词不用太难-爱福窝装修论坛
请帮忙翻译一下下面的文章,单词不用太难
在以前 因为没有大型机器和高科技
所以劳动力是主要工作来源
因此 由于男性的体质比女性好 所以男性地位比女性高
现今 科技在不断发展 发明了许多高科技产品 和大机器
从对机器的掌握和操作来说
女性已经慢慢的崛起
占据了一定的地位
所以 我认为 在不久的将来 男女平等是一定可以实现的
男女合作才可以使工作更完美
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请帮忙翻译一下下面的文章,单词不用太难帮忙翻译一下_百度知道
帮忙翻译一下
in any way, “Ah, paying bills, and when circumstances don’t fit our ideas. Whenever you expect something to be a certain way and it isn’t, say to yourself. You have to want to change. My older daughter often says to me. Life is simply as it is. To hold on is to be serious and uptight, with practice. Rather than fighting against life, being stuck in traffic, and events to be just as we want them to be -- and when they’re not, you’ll be dancing with it, making an honest mistake -- you name it, you’ll lighten up your entire life. Don’t expect your day to be problem free, witnessing someone look at us wrong or say the wrong thing, having someone else show up five minutes late, they become our difficulties.” We spend our lives wanting things, we all lose perspective over it, “Daddy.
The root being uptight is our unwillingness to accept life as being different, you won’t be surprised or bothered, another hurdle to overcome. And when you lighten up, you’ve got that serious look again.
A good exercise is to try to approach a single day without expectations. Instead: “Our limited perspective, you’re free. Don’t expect people to be friendly, when you let go of your expectations.” Even those of us who are committed to nonseriousness are probably too serious, we want things to be a certain way but they’re not a certain way. If they are.” As you approach your day in this manner you’ll notice how graceful life can be, we fight and we suffer. On the other hand. Very simply. When they’re not. People are frustrated and uptight about virtually everything -- being five minutes late, to become more easygoing. Pretty soon, people, you’re upset and you suffer.
The first step in recovering from overseriousness is to admit that you have a problem, waiting in line.
The next step is to understand the link between your expectations and your frustration level, as problems come up. You have to see that your own uptightness is largely of your own creation -- it’s composed of the way you have set up your life and the way you react to it, overcooking a meal, you’ll be delighted, from our expectations. Perhaps Benjamin Franklin said it best. To let go is to lighten up, our hopes and fears become our measure of life, when you accept life as it is, it seems that almost all of us are too seriousThese days, life is a lot more fun
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you’ve got that serious look again。另一方面。Para 2 The root being uptight is our unwillingness to accept life as being different, you’re upset and you suffer,你就会感到自由. Perhaps Benjamin Franklin said it best, waiting in line.” As you approach your day in this manner you’ll notice how graceful life can be，我们不愿意接受生活的不同. You have to want to change。我的大女儿经常对我说, overcooking a meal, they become our difficulties, you’ll be delighted。我们穷其一生:“我们有限的视角. When they’re not. You have to see that your own uptightness is largely of your own creation -- it’s composed of the way you have set up your life and the way you react to it,当你放开你的期望,发现有人正看着我们的错误或说错的话,变得更放松, people。当你期待某件事以特定方式而事实并非如此，而放手就心情轻松愉快, in any way, having someone else show up five minutes late. Don’t expect people to be friendly.” Even those of us who are committed to non-seriousness are probably too serious,你会不安和痛苦。你必须要改变. Whenever you expect something to be a certain way and it isn’t, say to yourself, and when circumstances don’t fit our ideas。很简单, our hopes and fears become our measure of life。Para 4 The next step is to understand the link between your expectations and your frustration level,当你接受生活本来的样子,但是却没有。Para 3 The first step in recovering from overseriousness is to admit that you have a problem. People are frustrated and uptight about virtually everything -- being five minutes late, paying bills.下一步就是要了解你的期望和挫折感水平之间的联系, being stuck in traffic,你又是那副严肃的表情了”. My older daughter often says to me, “Ah. Don’t expect your day to be problem free,这些就成为我们的困难“, you won’t be surprised or bothered.下一步就是要了解你的期望和挫折感水平之间的联系. To hold on is to be serious and uptight,我们想希望生活有特定的方式, making an honest mistake -- you name it, “Daddy,煮坏了一餐饭, life is a lot more fun,你会不安和痛苦.从过度严肃中恢复的第一步是承认你有问题。紧紧抓住会严肃和焦虑, you’ll lighten up your entire life,犯了个诚实的错误——你能列举出来的. On the other hand。另一方面.近来,支付帐单, to become more easygoing. And when you lighten up,好像几乎所有的人都太严肃了，从我们的期待来看,当你放开你的期望,以及我们的希望和恐惧成为衡量生活的尺码。人们会对几乎一切感到挫败和焦虑---迟到五分钟:“爸爸,被困在路上, you’re free. Rather than fighting against life，我们几乎已经意识不到了. Pretty soon。即使我们中那些致力于不严肃的人也可能很严肃, you’ll be dancing with it: “Our limited perspective, when you let go of your expectations，而放手就心情轻松愉快, we fight and we suffer, another hurdle to overcome, witnessing someone look at us wrong or say the wrong thing. Instead,排队等候. If they are, we want things to be a certain way but they’re not a certain way, from our expectations. Very simply. Life is simply as it is,而一旦情况不适合我们的想法.焦虑的根源是无论如何。生活就像它原有简单的样子. To let go is to lighten up。Para 5
A good exercise is to try to approach a single day without expectations。当你期待某件事以特定方式而事实并非如此.” We spend our lives wanting things, as problems come up, we all lose perspective over it。也许本杰明&#8226,就是希望人和事向我们期待的一样---当情况并不如此时;富兰克林说的最合适,你就会感到自由。你必须看到你自己说的焦虑在很大程度上是你自己的造物——它是由你创造的生活方式以及你的应对构成的,想要的东西，我们会在挣扎和痛苦,别人迟到五分钟出现。紧紧抓住会严肃和焦虑, with practice,当你接受生活本来的样子, and events to be just as we want them to be -- and when they’re not, it seems that almost all of us are too seriousPara 1 These days, when you accept life as it is
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这些天,看起来几乎所有的人都是太严重。我的大女儿经常对我说:“爸爸,你说得认真看一遍。“即使我们中那些致力于nonseriousness可能很严重。又紧张的人感到挫败对几乎揽括了被迟到五分钟,有别人出现迟到五分钟,被困在路上的时候,看到有人正看着我们错误或说错话,支付帐单,排队,免得烧得过熟一餐饭,做一个诚实的错误——你能说出来的,是我们所有人的损失的角度。
根被紧张的是我们不愿意接受生活是不同的,在任何情况下,从我们的预期。很简单,我们想要的事情要有自己的理解,但是他们没有一定的方式。生命就是很简单。本杰明·富兰克林说也许最好的回答:“我们有限的视角,以及我们的希望和恐惧成为我们衡量生活的尺码,而一旦情况下不适合我们的想法,他们成为我们的困难。“我们穷其一生,想要的东西,人的事件就像我...
近来,好像几乎所有的人都太严肃了。我的大女儿经常对我说:“爸爸,你又是那副严肃的表情了”。即使我们中那些致力于不严肃的人也可能很严肃。人们会对几乎一切感到挫败和焦虑---迟到五分钟,别人迟到五分钟出现,被困在路上,发现有人正看着我们的错误或说错的话,支付帐单,排队等候,煮坏了一餐饭,犯了个诚实的错误——你能列举出来的，我们几乎已经意识不到了。
焦虑的根源是无论如何，从我们的期待来看，我们不愿意接受生活的不同。很简单,我们想希望生活有特定的方式,但是却没有。生活就像它原有简单的样子。也许本杰明·富兰克林说的最合适:“我们有限的视角,以及我们的希望和恐惧成为衡量生活的尺码,而一旦情况不适合我们的想法,这些就成为我们的困难“。我们穷其一生,想要的东西,就是希望人和事向我们期待...
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出门在外也不愁麻烦翻译一下，急！_百度知道
麻烦翻译一下，急！
and the temperature will always be comfortable ．　　Perhaps everyone will live in vertical cities that are so large that they can contain all the necessities of life．Since vertical cities will use less land than flat cities， advanced heating and cooling systems will be necessary to control the weather in the domes．Therefore ，but scientists are working out new ideas now，and provide homes for more people, stores.　　Some scientists are thinking about building whole cities under huge glass domes． Of course ，and offices on the water of the Mediterranean Sea．　　There are some people who think that we will go back to living in caves． But the caves of the future will be very different from the caves of the Stone Age．Farms and parks will be on the land over the cave city．When people want to go to the country or to a parkWhat kind of homes will we live in the future，there will never be any rain or snow? Nobody can be sure，they will be practical for small countries that have a large population．　　Another idea that will be helpful to small countries is the floating city．Monaco has already built homes
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and the temperature will always be comfortable ．一些科学家对巨大的玻璃穹顶下的整个城市建设的思考，给更多的人提供居所。由于垂直城市将使用比平坦的城市土地少，将有助于小国是漂浮的城市，they will be practical for small countries that have a large population．也许每个人都将生活在如此之多。因此，商店。　　Perhaps everyone will live in vertical cities that are so large that they can contain all the necessities of life．Since vertical cities will use less land than flat cities，就永远不会有雨或雪，和温度始终舒适，和在地中海的水办事处。当人们想去的国家或一个公园，他们将实际的小国家，a short ride in a lift will take them there．有些人认为我们会回到洞穴里生活。　　Some scientists are thinking about building whole cities under huge glass domes． Of course ，但科学家们正在工作的新思路？没有人能确定，我们生活在未来。但洞穴的未来将从石器时代的洞穴非常不同，but scientists are working out new ideas now，and provide homes for more people。摩纳哥已经建成的房屋，在电梯中的一个短短的车程将带他们到那里。　　There are some people who think that we will go back to living in caves． But the caves of the future will be very different from the caves of the Stone Age．Farms and parks will be on the land over the cave city．When people want to go to the country or to a park，and offices on the water of the Mediterranean Sea．另一个想法，有一个大的人口，先进的加热和冷却系统必须控制在圆顶的天气，there will never be any rain or snow.什么样的家园，它们可以包含所有的生活必需品的垂直城市, stores， advanced heating and cooling systems will be necessary to control the weather in the domes．Therefore 。农场和公园将在土地在洞穴城市What kind of homes will we live in the future。当然? Nobody can be sure。　　Another idea that will be helpful to small countries is the floating city．Monaco has already built homes
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在此希望亲小心选择，不做了，但是科学家现在正在努力给出新的观点.
一些科学家在考虑把整座城市建设在巨大的玻璃圆穹屋顶下未来我们将住什么样的家园呢，先进的加热和制冷系统对控制圆穹屋顶非常重要？没有人能够确定。当然。
太麻烦了，因此。。，温度适宜，这永远不会有雨雪天气。
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出门在外也不愁帮忙翻译一下这篇阅读理解_百度知道
帮忙翻译一下这篇阅读理解
despite the difference in brain size. Men and women always score similarly o The differences begin when fetuses(胎儿) are about mine weeks old, perhaps because the two sides of the brain are better connected in women, cooking dinner and keeping an eye on the baby all at the same time. This means that little girls tend to learn to speak earlier: why men refuse to ask for directions … and women often need to? The average women’s brain weighs 10% less than men’s. These brain differences also explain the fact that more men take up jobs that require There are other important differences between two sexes,among whom women needed speech skills to take care of their babies and men needed spatial skills to hunt. When it comes to talking to the boss on the phone. Why, it shouldn’t.&nbsp. Since research has shown that the bigger the brain. As white matter is the key to spatial(空间的) tasks, the cleverer the animal. Right, and he knows where to go, researchers have concluded that it’s what’s&nbsp. A boy would try to climb a barrier (障碍物) before him or push it down while a girl would attract help from others, men must be more intelligent(聪明的) than women, it’s women who come out on top every time, which can be seen in the action of children ad young as one, while more women speech skills? Wrong. “The brain changes throughout our lives according to what we do with it, accor&nbsp? After years of study, not just the size of the brain.” “grey matter” andIt has been suggested that smaller brain appears to work faster. The brain consists of&&nbsp, and that women can understand sorts of information from different sources at the same time. That may explain one of life’s great mysteries, men know better where things are in rela If all this disappoints you. “A great footballer always knows where he is in relation to the other players,” says one researcher!&nbsp. It may all go back to our ancestors(祖先) .&nbspDid you know that women’s brains are smaller than men’s
不建议用这种方法，则理解的也应该是英文，对不对如果阅读的是英文
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你知道女人的大脑比男人的小吗/?普通女人的大脑重10%,低于男性。既然有研究表明,更大的大脑,聪明的动物,和男人必须更聪明(聪明的)高于女性。对吗?错了。男人和女人总是在智力测试中的分数类似,尽管在大脑的差异大小。为什么?经过多年的研究中,研究人员得出的结论是,这是里面的东西是非常重要的,不仅仅是大脑的大小。大脑由“灰质”工程,中板厂也暗示了更小的脑子似乎工作得更快,这或许是因为双方更好的连接大脑的妇女。这句话的意思是:那个小女孩一般学会说得越早,而且,女性可以了解各种不同的资讯来源,在同一时间内。当谈到跟老板打电话,做饭,并留意宝宝在同一时间,这是女人谁出人头地的每一次。除此以外,还有其他重要两性之间的差异。白色物质是一种关键任务空间(空间的),男人知道更好的事物在哪儿关系到其他...
建议你一下，最好不要直接找翻译，阅读理解是要自己理解的，你可以大体的弄懂就行，不用逐字翻译，这样会浪费时间的.你还可以自己查字典，这样有助于你提高词汇量。
你知道女人的大脑比男人的小吗?普通女人的大脑重10%,低于男性。既然有研究表明,更大的大脑,聪明的动物,人,必须变得更聪明(聪明的)高于女性。对吗?错了。男人和女人总是在智力测试中的分数类似,尽管在大脑的差异大小。为什么?经过多年的研究中,研究人员得出的结论是,这是里面的东西是非常重要的,不仅仅是大脑的大小。大脑由“灰质”工程,中板厂也暗示了更小的脑子似乎工作得更快,这或许是因为双方更好的连接大脑的妇女。这句话的意思是:那个小女孩往往学会讲得越早,而且,女性可以了解各种不同的资讯来源,在同一时间内。当谈到跟老板打电话,做饭...
你知道，女人的大脑比男人的？女人的平均脑重量比男性少10%年代以来的研究表明，更大的大脑，聪明的动物，男人必须更加智能（聪明的）比女性。是的？错误的。男性和女性同样智力测验得分，尽管差异在脑的大小。为什么呢？经过多年的研究，研究人员得出结论认为，它是什么样的内部事务，不只是大脑的大小。大脑由“灰质”并已表明，大脑似乎工作得更快，也许是因为双方的大脑更好地连接在妇女。这意味着小女孩学会说话前，并使妇女能了解各种不同来源的信息的同时。当谈到给老板打电话，做饭和照看孩子都在同一时间，这是妇女谁独占鳌头，每次。还有其他一些重要的差异性。白质的关键是空间（空间的）任务，人知道更好的事物与其他事物。“一个伟大的球员总是知道他与其他球员，他知道在那里去，”一位研究人员说...
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出门在外也不愁2014年12月六级新题型之翻译练习25例_新浪教育_新浪网
2014年12月六级新题型之翻译练习25例
　　1.香囊(scented sachet)，古代也称“香袋”，通常是用布缝制或彩色丝线编织的 袋子，里面塞满香草(aromatic herbs)。香囊最初用来吸汗、驱虫和避邪。香囊不仅 有用，而且可作装饰品。它们的形状和大小各异，有圆形、椭圆形和其他形状。它 们通常配有精致的图案，每个图案都象征着特别的含义。例如，双鱼或成对蝴蝶 图案象征男女之爱；莲花或牡丹花(peony flower)等图案象征女性；松树和仙鹤 图案象征长寿；石榴(guava)图案象征很多孩子。漂亮的香囊不仅是装饰品，而且 含有丰富的文化和历史内涵。
　　翻译：Scented sachets, also called “fragrant bags” in ancient times, are bags usually sewed with cloth or weaved with multicolor silk threads and stuffed with aromatic herbs. The fragrant bags were originally used for absorbing sweat, repelling insects and warding off evils. Scented sachets are not only useful, but also ornamental. They come in different shapes and sizes, such as round, oval and many others. And they are normally decorated with elaborate patterns, with each pattern symbolizing a special meaning.For instance,a double-fish or double-butterfly pattern smybolizes the love betwepatterns like lotus or peony flopine and crane patterns symbolize longevity and a guava pattern is the symbol of lots of children.A nice scented sachet is not just an ornament,but more of something that contains cultural and historical richness。
　　2.中国民间艺术与中国哲学统一于“阴阳(yin-yang)生万物”这一理念。这一理念源于中国原始社会，是对人类的人生感悟的哲学注解。中国人祖先的哲学论断是“近看自己，远观他人”。要理解中华民族民间艺术的原始艺术，这一结论必不 可少。人类的本能欲望是生存并通过繁衍(propagation)继续存在。人生来的首要 本能是求生，然后是长寿。从原始社会到今天，阴阳和永生的观念始终贯穿中国的社会生活和民族文化。中国民间艺术反映了社会的所有基本哲学理念。
　　翻译：Chinese folk art and Chinese philosophy are unified in the belief that yin-yang produces all living things in the world. Originated in Chinese primitive society, this was the philosophical explanation of human's perception of life. Chinese ancestors philosophical conclusion was to “look at oneself up close and other creatures from afar”，which is essential to the understanding of the primitive art to the folk art of the nation. To live and to continue life through propagation are the two instinctive desires of human. From birth, a person's first instinct is to survive, and then to live a long life. From primitive society to the present day, the view of yin-yang and perpetual life has permeated in all aspects of social life and the national culture of Chinese society.Chinese folk art reflects all of the basic philosophical concepts。
　　3.象棋(Chinese chess)两人玩的棋盘游戏，源于春秋战国时期的军事战略。 早期的象棋由三部分组成：棋子、骰(dice)和棋盘。现代象棋没有骰子，它在棋子和棋盘方面与古代不同。棋盘有9行宽、10行长，共90个交叉点，构成方形网格 (grid)。棋子在交叉点上落子或移动。对弈者在棋盘进行象征性的军很战争，部署马匹、战车，根据自己对棋局和游戏规则的理解组织军队。目前，中国象棋已传至全世界，进一步传承、发扬中国传统文化。
　　翻译：Chinese chess is a two-player board game sprang from military strategies in the Spring and Autumn and the Warring States periods. The early-stage Chinese chess consisted of three components:chess pieces，dice and board. There’s no dice in modem Chinese chess. And tiie game is dififerrait from its ancient counteipart in tenns of pieces and board.The board is 9 lines wide by 10 lines long, with a total of 90 crossing points.The grids formed are square. The pieces are placed and moved on the crossing points. The two players conduct a representational military battle on the board by deploying horses and chariots and organizing troops based on tbeir understanding of the layout of die game and the playing rules. Currently, Chinese chess has been introduced to the whole worid, giving a boost to the effort to carry on and develop traditional Chinese culture。
　　4.围棋是两位对弈者之间战略性的棋盘游戏(board game)。围棋已有 3000多年的历史，可以说是所有古代棋类游戏的起源。围棋的规则很简单，但是有数不尽的策略。这就是围棋的魅力所在。下一盘围棋的时间短至15分钟，长至数天。但是多数情况下，下一盘围棋需要一或两个小时。围棋是综合科学、艺术和竞赛的游戏。围棋对于智力发展、性格培养和灵活的策略学习非常有益。难怪围棋已经流行了几千年，并逐渐成为一项国际文化游戏。
　　翻译：Weiqi is a strategic board game between two players. With a history of over 3,000 years, the game can be regarded as the originator of all ancient chess games.The rules of Weiqi are very simple but there are countless variations of strategies.This is where the beauty of the game lies. The time for one round of weiqi can be as short as 15 minutes or as long as a few days. In most cases, though, it takes one or two hours to finish one round. Weiqi is a game that combines science, art and competition. It's beneficial for intelligence development, personality cultivation and flexible strategy learning. It's no wonder the game having been popular for thousands of years and is gradually becoming an international cultural game。
　　5.杂技(acrobatics)是展现高超的平衡技巧和动作协调能力的表演。杂技常和广 泛使用体操技能的活动相联系，比如马戏(circus)、体操，但许多其他运动，如武术、芭蕾和跳水也可能采用杂技元素。吴桥是中国众所周知的杂技之乡。据说吴桥的所有居民，从学步孩童到白发老人，都多少会点杂技。年轻人在工作间隙练习杂技。许多家庭都有独特的技艺代代相传。中国乃至世界都有很多来自吴桥的杂技演员。中国杂技界有句话叫做：没有吴桥人不成杂技班。
　　翻译：Acrobatics is the performance that shows excellent skills of balance and action coordination. Acrobatics is most often associated with activities that make extensiye use of gymnastic skills, such as circus and gymnastics, but many other activities，such as wushu,ballet and diving may also adopt elements of acrobatics.Wuqiao is well known as the hometown of acrobatics in China. It is said that all residents in Wuqiao, from kids learning to walk to the old with grey some acrobatics. Young people practice the art during the breaks from work.Many families have their unique skills handed down through generations. There are acrobats from Wuqiao Aroughout China, even the world.As a Chinese acrobatics field, if you don't have an acrobat from Wuqiao, you can't have an acrobatics troupe。
　　6.中国菜举世闻名，而菜名更是诙谐有趣，妙趣横生，充满中国人的智慧。很多菜名用字典雅瑰丽，充满吉祥喜庆之气，诸如把豆苗(bean seedling)比作“龙须”，鸡蛋美名“芙蓉(Confederate rose)”或“凤凰”，鸡爪称“凤爪”，豆腐(tofu)叫成“白玉”，等。不少菜名豪华气派，美不可言，有种汤叫“珍珠玛瑙(agate)翡翠汤”，只是豆腐、番茄加青菜。一些含有祝贺或象征吉祥的菜名，如竹笋炒排骨是 “步步高升”。有些菜名采用的是成语，萝卜丝上放根红辣椒表示“踏雪寻梅”。
　　翻译：Chinese dishes are world-famous, and the dish names are humorous, interesting and full of wits, fully embodying the wisdom of Chinese people. Many dishes are named with elegant and magnificent characters and are full of auspicious and festive atmosphere. For example, the bean seedling is called “dragon beard”， egg is called “Confederate rose” or “phoenix”，chicken claw is called “phoenix talon”，tofu is called“white jade” and so on.Many dish names are in luxurious style and their beauty is beyond words. For example，there is a soup called “soup of pearl, agate and jade”，but its ingredients are only tofu, tomatoes and vegetables. Some dish names express congratulation or symbolize auspiciousness, such as pork ribs fried with bamboo shoots is called “higher and higher' Some dish names are idioms，such as turnip strips with a red pepper is called “looking for plum flowers while treading on the snow”。
　　7.景德镇(Jingdezhen)位于江西省东北部，以瓷器而闻名，历来被誉为中国的 “千年瓷都”。在景德镇出产的各类瓷器中，尤以青花瓷(blue and white porcelain)最为突出。清代是青花瓷的鼎盛时期，景德镇青花瓷以其烧造精致而独占鳌头。新中国成立后，在景德镇设立了人民瓷厂(People's Porcelain Factory)专门生产青花瓷。景德镇青花瓷造型优美，色彩绚丽，装饰精美，是景德镇四大传统名瓷之一，素有“永不凋谢的青花”之称。青花瓷远销世界各地，受到世界人民的喜爱。
　　翻译：Jingdezhen，located in the northeast of Jiangxi Province，is famous for porcelain and is honored as “home of porcelain for thousands of years” in China. Among different types of porcelain produced in Jingdezhen，blue and white porcelain is the most renowned. Blue and white porcelain reached its peak in the Qing Dynasty.Blue and white porcelain from Jingdezhen ranked first for its fine production. After new China was founded, People's Porcelain Factory was set up in Jingdezhen to produce blue and white porcelain specially. Blue and white porcelain from Jingdezhen is elegantly shaped，rich in color and delicately decorated. It is one of the four famous traditional types of porcelain in Jingdezhen, and enjoys the reputation of “ever-green blue and white porcelain”.Blue and white porcelain has been sold to countries all over the world and is liked by people around the world。
　　8.脸谱(facial makeup)是指中国传统戏剧―京剧里男演员脸部的彩色化妆。 它在色彩、形式和类型上有一定的格式。脸谱运用红色、黄色、白色、黑色、紫色、绿色和银色代表不同的人物性格。各角色的脸谱由油漆、粉和油彩画成，基 本形式是整脸、三块瓦脸(San Kuai Wa Lian)和碎脸。这些脸谱类型被广泛用于代 表将军、官员、英雄、神灵和鬼魅。通过眼睛和鼻子周围形状各异的白色小块， 可以辨别出丑角(Chou actors)。有时这些小块以黑色勾勒，常称小花脸。
　　翻译：Facial makeup refers to the colorful painting on the face of the actors in Peking Opera, which is a traditional Chinese opera. It has certain format in terms of color,design and type. Red，yellow，white，black，purple，green and silver are the main colors used for facial makeup to represent different characters. The facial designs for the roles are made by painting, powdering and coloring in the basic forms of Zheng Lzan(keeping the basic face pattern)，San Kuai Wa Lian(three-section face) and Sui Lian(fragmentary face).These types are widely used to represent generals,officials，heroes, gods and ghosts. The Chou (clown) actors can be recognized by the patch of white in various shapes painted around the eyes and nose. Sometimes these patches are outlined in black, often called Xiao Hua Lian(partly painted face)。
　　9.唐朝时期，人们就在昌南建造窑坊(kiln)，烧制出一种青白瓷(bluish white porcelain)。青白瓷色彩晶莹，有“人造玉器”的美称，因而远近闻名，并大量出口欧洲。当时，欧洲人还不会制造瓷器，因此中国特别是昌南镇的瓷器很受欢迎。 在欧洲，昌南镇瓷器是备受珍爱的贵重物品，人们以能获得一件昌南镇瓷器为荣。因此，欧洲人就以“昌南”作为瓷器和生产瓷器的“中国”的代称。久而久之，欧洲人就把昌南的本意忘却了，只记得它是“瓷器”，即“中国”了。
　　翻译：In the Tang Dynasty, people started to build kilns to make bluish white porcelain in Changnan. The bluish white porcelain was glittering and had the reputation of artificial jade, so it became famous home and abroad and was exported to Europe in large amount. At that time, Europeans were not able to make porcelain,so porcelain from China，especially from Changnan，was warmly welcomed. In Europe，porcelain from Changnan was luxurious article cherished by everyone, and obtaining even one piece of it would make people feel very proud. In this way，Europeans used Changnan as the code name for china (porcelain) and the place of its production，China. Gradually, Europeans forgot the original meaning of Changnan，only remembering it is “china”，namely“China”。
　　10.刺绣(embroidery)是中国艺术中一颗璀N的明珠。从华丽的龙袍到今日的时装，刺绣为我们的文化和生活增添了许多乐趣。中国记载的最古老的刺绣可追溯至商朝。在当时，刺绣象征着社会地位。随着国民经济的发展，刺绣走进普通人的生活。对于足不出户的女子来说，刺绣是一种优雅的工作。想象一下，一位美丽的年轻女子在家刺绣：一针一线，她为爱人绣一对鸳鸯(mandarin duck)。寒冷的冬日，屋子里充满香气。多么美丽动人的画面啊！
　　翻译：Embroidery is a brilliant pearl in Chinese art. From the magnificent dragon robes worn by emperors to today's fashions, embroidery adds a great deal of pleasure to our culture and life. The oldest embroidery on record in China dates from the Shang Dynasty. Embroidery in this period symbolized social status. As the national economy developed, embroidery entered the life of the common people.Embroideiy was an elegant task for ladies who were forbidden to go out of their homes. Imagine a beautiful young lady embroidering at home:stitch by stitch,embroiders a pair of mandarin ducks for her lover. It is a cold winter day and the room is filled with sweet smell. What a touching and beautiful picture!
　　11.中国是茶的故乡。唐代以前，中国茶叶通过陆路和水路出口，先是出口到日本和朝鲜，之后出口到印度和中亚。明清时期，出口到了阿拉伯半岛(Arabian Peninsula)。17世纪早期，中国茶叶出口到欧洲，自此，欧洲的上层阶级开始饮茶。 中国文化渗透着茶的精神，全国有很多种茶叶、茶馆、茶的传说、茶工艺品和饮茶习俗。杭州西湖以产上等绿茶著称；在云南等中国西南省份，少数民族受外国文化影响较小，原始茶产地仍然保留着饮茶仪式和习俗。
　　翻译：China is the hometown of tea. Before the Tang Dynasty, Chinese tea was exported by land and sea，first to Japan and Korea, then to India and Central Asia,and in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, to the Arabian Peninsula. In the early period of the 17th century, Chinese tea was exported to Europe，where the upper class started to drink tea. Tea spirit permeates Chinese culture, and throughout the country there are many kinds of tea，teahouses, tea legends, tea artifacts and tea customs. The West Lake in Hangzhou is famous for its and provinces in southwest China like Yunnan where flie ethnic groups were less affected by foreign cultures still keep tea ceremonies and customs in original tea-growing areas。
　　12.汉字(Chinese characters)是世界上最古老的文字之一，也是使用者最多的文 字。汉字多达6万个，但常用的基本汉字只有6000个左右。据权威专家估计，汉字有5000多年的历史，最初源于记录事情的图片。从古至今，从甲骨文(Jiaguwen) 到我们今天书写用的楷体(Kaiti)，汉字的形式和结构发生了很大改变。历史上， 汉字被朝鲜、日本、越南等国借鉴，因此也促进了国际交流。在现代，中国人民用 各种方法将汉字输人电脑，进行信息处理。事实证明，汉字充满了生机与活力。
　　翻译：The Chinese characters are one of the oldest characters in the world, and are used by the most users. Chinese characters are up to 60,000, but only about 6,000 basic ones are often used. As authorities estimate, Chinese characters have a history of over 5,000 years, and they originate from pictures for keeping records. From ancient to modern times, the forms and structures of Chinese characters have changed much, evolving from Jiaguwen (oracle bone script)， to Kaiti(regular script) we use now. In history, Chinese characters were borrowed by Korea, Japan, and Vietnam, thereby improving international communication. In modern times, Chinese people have by many means solved the problem of inputting Chinese characters into computers to serve information processing. It has been borne out that Chinese characters are full of vigor and vitality。
　　13.曲艺是指民谣、说书和相声等民间说唱艺术形式。作为中国古代的表演艺术，曲艺是不同表演类型的统称，表现形式为说、唱或二者兼有。作为独立的艺术，曲艺兴起于唐朝中期，繁荣于宋朝。曲艺深植于中国，分为三大类型、 400个曲种。三大类型是：说书、说唱艺术、笑话。说书既可以只用语言，也可以配乐。北方最典型的无伴奏类型是评书(Pingshu)。笑话最重要的形式是相声。说唱艺术似乎听众最多。在口音或音乐方面，每种类型都有强烈的地方色彩。
　　翻译：Quyi refers to folk vocal art forms such as ballad singing, story-telling and crosstalk. As an ancient performing art in China, quyi is a general term that covers several different types of performances in which speech, singing or both are used. As an independent art, it was formed in the middle Tang Dynasty and flourished in the Song Dynasty. Deeply taking root in China, the art is divided into three styles and subdivided into 400 parts. The three major styles are story-telling, story-singing, and joke-telling. Story-telling can be either words only, or words with music. One of the most representative non-music styles in the North is called Pingshu. The most important form of joke-telling is crosstalk. Story-singing seems to have the largest audience. Each style has a strong local flavor in either its accent or music。
　　14.24节气(24 solar terms)是统称，包括 12节气(12 major solar terms)和 12中气 (12 minor solar terms)，它们彼此之间相互关联。24节气反映了天气变化，指导农 业耕作，也影响着人们的生活。春秋战国时期，人们开始使用节气作为补充历法 (calendar)。公元前104年，24节气最终确立。众所周知，中国是个有着悠久农业发 展史的国家。农业生产受自然规律影响极大。在古代，农民根据太阳的运动安排 农业生产活动。24节气考虑到了太阳的位置，这就是我们重视它的原因。
　　翻译：The 24 solar terms is a whole name of the system that consists of 12 major solar terms and 12 minor solar teims linked with each other. It reflects the climate change, guides agriculture arrangements and also affects people's life. In the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, people began to use solar terms as the supplementary calendar. It was in 104 B,C. that the 24 solar terms were finally set down. As we all know, China is a country with a long history of agriculture. Agricultural production is largely influenced by the laws of nature. In ancient times, farmers arranged their agricultural activities according to the move of : the sun. It is the fact that the 24 solar terms takes into account the position of the sun that makes us attach importance to it。
　　15.当来中国的游客发现一桌标准的8人晚宴有4道凉菜、4道热菜，并配以汤和米饭时，他们往往会感到惊讶。一桌标准的宴席(banquet)包括4~8道准备好的凉菜，8道热菜―每次只上1道热菜，以及2-4道观赏大菜(whole-sized showpiece dish)。同坐一张桌子的人互相敬酒时通常会“干杯(Gan Bei)”。“干杯”是指举起酒杯，将酒全部喝完，让玻璃杯或酒杯“连最后一滴也干了”。人们干杯时传递给别 人的信息是：自己是真诚、快乐的。向主人敬酒时，国人更愿意接受的方式是喝一小口而不是喝干整杯。
　　翻译：Visitors to China are often surprised when a standard dinner for a table of eight people consists of four courses of cold dishes and four courses of hot dishes,coupled with soup and steamed rice. A standard banquet consists of four to eight prepared cold dishes, eight hot dishes served one at a time, and two to four whole-sized showpiece dishes. People at a table usually “Gan Bei" when toasting to each other. “Gan Bei” means to raise one's wine glass and drink it all the way down so that the glass or cup is “dried up to the last drop”. People drink up their wine to communicate the message to others that they are sincere and joyful. It is quite acceptable for a foreign guest to take a sip instead of emptying the glass when toasting to his or her host。
　　16.中国结(Chinese knots)是中国传统的装饰结。它是中国特有的民间艺术。中国结是以其形状或者按照其寓意来命名的。中国结有许多不同的形状，最常见的有蝴蝶、花、鸟、龙、鱼等。在中国，“结”代表着团结、友爱、和平、婚姻和爱情等。中国结与中国人的日常生活紧密相关，表达了他们对更美好生活的企盼。兼具实用性和装饰性的中国结具有传统的雅致和不断变化的形式，它充分反映了 中国文化的魅力和精髓。
　　翻译：Traditional Chinese decorative knots, also known as Chinese knots, are typical folk arts of China. Chinese knots are named after their shapes or in accordance with what they suggest. There are many different shapes of Chinese knots, the most common being butterflies, flowers, birds, dragons, fish, etc. In China, “knot” means unity, friendship, peace, marriage, love, etc. Chinese knots are closely related to the everyday life of the Chinese people and express their wishes for a better life. So title Chinese knots, with their classic elegance and ever-changing variations, are both practical and ornamental, fully reflecting the grace and essence of Chinese culture。
　　17.中国功夫(Kung fo)是用于概括中国所有武术(martial arts)风格的常用术语。事实上汉语的“武术”是用来描述中国武述的确切传统术语。功夫介绍了各种形式的内外风格，包括徒手(bare hands)武术和武器武术。近来，中国功夫已实现了现代化，训练和竞赛标准体系都已经设立。作为战斗功能的补充，功夫已变成更运动、更具审美性、更有竞争力的体育形式。比起其他习武之人，也许李小龙更好地让西方世界的人对中国武术的精彩招式大开眼界，因此越来越多的外国人到中国旅游，学习功夫的奥秘。
　　翻译：Chinese Kung fu is a commonly used term for summarizing all the martial arts styles in China. In fact,wushu1 in Chinese is the exact traditional term used to describe Chinese martial arts. Kung fu describes external and internal styles of martial arts in numerous forms, including those using bare hands and weapons. Recently, Chinese Kung fu has been modernized. Training and competing standard systems have been set up. Complementing its fighting function, Kung fu has become a more athletic, aesthetic and competitive sport. Perhaps better than any other practitioner, Bruce Lee opened the eyes of the Western world to the fascinating practices of Chinese martial arts. Consequently, more and more foreigners are travelling to China for learning the mysteries of Kung fu。
　　18.“面子”是中国人际交往和商业往来中的典型现象。“面子”在汉语中没有专门的定义，和“名声”的概念相近。如果你不太熟悉中国文化，你应该了解一下“面 子”或“有面子”。如果你不给别人“留面子”，他们会认为你不尊重他们。中国人生 活的方方面面都有“面子”的影子。中国人不喜欢说“不”，因为他们想给双方“留面子”，因此他们会说“现在不太方便”、“太难了”或“可能吧”，但是不会对别人只说-个“不”字。
　　翻译：“Face”，or “mianzi,is an evident phenomenon of personal and business relationships in China. “Face” does not have specific definitions in Chinese. It is very similar to the notion of reputation. If you are not familiar with Chinese culture, 1 :you should know something about face or gaining face. If you do not “save face”for others, they will think that you do not respect them. It is easy to find “face” in all aspects of Chinese life. Chinese people dislike to say the word “no”，for they want 1 to “save face” for both parties, so they may say “it is inconvenient for me right now”，“it is too difficult” or “maybe”，instead of merely saying “no” to others。
　　19.中国人对龙的理解与西方人不一样。龙是帝王的象征。帝王的子孙被称为“龙 种”，帝王的用品也常常被加上“龙”字，如“龙袍”、“龙椅”等，连帝王的面色也被 称为“龙颜”。龙也是杰出人物的象征，汉语中有“卧虎藏龙”、“乘龙快婿”等。同时，龙也是一种祥瑞(auspicious)之物。因此，人们希望它能留在自己的家里，保佑自己家里一切平安，万事如意。每到舞龙灯(dragondance)的时节，人们会请人 到家里来舞一回。又因龙呈威猛之相，故也有龙舟(dragonboat)驱鬼辟邪的说法翻译：Chinese people's understanding of dragon is different from that of Westerners.Dragon is the symbol of emperors. The descendants of emperors are called “children of the dragon”. The objects used by emperors are also usually named with the word “dragon”，such as “dragon robes' “dragon chairs' Even the face of the emperor is called “dragon face”. Dragon also symbolizes outstanding people. In Chinese, there are “crouching tiger, hidden dragon”，“a proud son-in-law” and so on. Meanwhile, dragon is also an auspicious sign. Therefore, people hope that dragon can stay in their homes to bless family members, thus everyone can be healthy and everything can go well. When it comes to dragon dance time, people will invite performers to perform in their own homes. As dragon appears awe-inspiring and fierce, it is said that dragon boat can drive ghosts away and avoid the evil。
　　20.以行业论，外交家大概是废话最多之人，但他们受过专业训练，能把废话说的娓娓动听，似乎胸中颇有经纬，实则多半是绣花枕头草肚皮。职业外交家至近代渐趋落伍，恐与他们说废话太多不无关系。以人种分(根据看各国影片所获印象)，中国人并非说废话最多的民族，日本人和意大利人的长气最是吓人。以年龄分，似乎人越老说的废话越多，可能由于老人的不甘寂寞。以性别分，女性的废话无疑多于男性，则因她们的天赋思维方式重演绎而不重归纳，乃常抓不住要点所致。
　　翻译：Considering the profession,the diplomats are the people with the most nonsense words.However,they all reveived the professional training so that they can talk about the nonsense words in a beautiful way.Though looking like an expert,most of them have nothing meaningful in mind.The professional diplomats have gone out of the times,which may have something to do with their nonsense words.Considering different ethic groups(impressions from the films shot by different countries)，Chinese is not a nation with the most nonsense words,while the Japanese and Italian have the most terrible manners about talking nonsense.According to different age groups,the older the people get the more nonsense words they have.The reason may be the old can't endure the loneliness.According to the genders,women have more nonsense words than men,because their thinking mode relies more on deduction than induction,so they often can't grasp the main point。
　　21.学校教育给我们的好处不但只是灌输知识，最大的好处恐怕还在给与我们求友的机会上。这好处我到了离学校以后才知道，这几年来更确切地体会到，深悔当时毫不自觉，马马虎虎地过去了。近来每日早晚在路上见到两两三三的携了手或挽了肩膀走着的青年学生，我总艳羡他们有朋友之乐，暗暗地要在心中替他们祝福。
　　翻译：The advantage of school education is not merely the imparting of knowledge,but,more importantly,the opportunities it affords us for making friends.I did not realize that until I had left school.In recent years,I had begun to understand that more deeply,only to regret having spent time too carelessly at that time unconsciously,Recently,when seeing young students walking with bags,in twos and threes'hand in hand or arm in arm,I would envy their joy and comfort of friendship,giving my best wishes to them from the bottom of my heart。
　　22.要用全球化，一体化的视角，坚持不懈，实实在在地努力，建立国际经济新秩序。当前，很多发展中国家，尤其是最不发达国家中有很多亟待解决的问题，应该给予优先考虑。但是这些问题的解决方法应该满足发展中国家长期发展的需要，促进国际经济新秩序的进程。而不应该只着重于有限的措施，背离建立国际经济新秩序这一根本目标。
　　翻译：A global and integrated approach should be adopted and unremitting and solid efforts be made for the establishment of new international economic order.At present,many developing countries,especially the least developed countries,have indeed some urgent problems which should he accorded priority.But the solution of these problems should meet the needs of the long-term development of the developing countries and facilitate the process of establishing the new international economic order.It should not serve as limited measures divorced from the fundamental objective of establishing the new international economic order。
　　23.胖子喜欢社交。即使你脾气有些古怪，脸上有粉刺，他们也会喜欢你。在你没能写出那本伟大的美国小说时，他们会为你找到一个很好的理由。他们同你一起借酒浇愁。他们凑钱买东西时会把你的名字也写上。他们会帮你摆脱困境。胖子喜欢闲聊、傻乐、狂笑、狂蹦乱跳、转来转去，爱传小道消息。他们慷慨，大方，豪爽。他们贪吃，漂亮，伟大。你心情不好时需要温柔和轻松，而不是强劲和持重。胖子懂得这个道理。他们肚量大，容得下你。
　　翻译：Fat people are convivial. They will like you even if you're irregular and have acne. They will come up with a good reason why you never wrote the great American novel. They will cry in your beer with you. They will put your name in the pot. They will let you off the hook. Fat people will gab, giggle, guffaw, gallumph, gyrate and gossip. They are generous, giving and gallant. They are gluttonous and goodly and great. What you want when you're down is soft and jiggly, not muscled and stable. Fat people know this. Fat people have plenty of room. Fat people will take you in。
　　24.现在不是钻进象牙塔里，空喊自己有权高高在上，置身于社会的问题与苦难之外的时候。时代要求我们大胆地相信：人经过努力可以改变世界，达到新的、更美好的境界。没有人能够仅凭闭目不看社会现实的做法，就可以割断自己同社会的联系。他必须永远保持对新鲜事物的敏感，随时准备接受新鲜事物；他必须有勇气与能力去面对新的事实，解决新的问题。
　　翻译：This is no time for any man to withdraw into some ivory tower and proclaim the right to hold himself aloof from the problems and the agonies of his society.The times call for bold belief that the world can be changed by man's endeavor,and that this endeavor can lead to something new and better.No man can sever the bonds that unite him to his society simply by averting his eyes.He must ever be receptive and and have sufficient courage and skill to fave novel facts and to deal with them。
　　25.你不妨回忆过去的愉快，十之八九会发现你自己是在一个满园阳光的花园里，而不是在某个令人激动的公开演出会上。你第一次听见鹪鹩的歌，看见它在美国梧桐树叶附近啾啾而唱，回想起来是无限的奇妙，相比之下，刺刀出鞘、警察袭击、平民头破血流被抬进医院的街头骚乱是大为逊色的。
　　Think yourself back into happiness and it is ten to one you will find yourself in a sunny garden and not at some exciting public show.The first time you heard a willow-wren's song and saw it lifting its beak to sing in the shadow of the sycamore leaves seems an infintely more wonderful thing to look back on than a riot in the streets with bayonets drawn and policeman charging and broken-skulled civillians borne off to the hospital。
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